Automedicación y uso de plantas medicinales en estudiantes universitarios de la Amazonía Peruana durante la primera ola por COVID-19

Autores/as

  • Piero Pasache Pinedo Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana
  • Maxzy Andrea Diaz Mena Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana. Iquitos, Perú. Miembro de la Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Amazonía Peruana (SOCIEMAP). Iquitos, Perú.
  • Milagros Flórez Vela Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana. Iquitos, Perú. Miembro de la Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Amazonía Peruana (SOCIEMAP). Iquitos, Perú
  • Alberto Salazar Granara Facultad de Medicina Humana, Centro de Investigación de Medicina Tradicional y Farmacología. Lima, Perú. Miembro de la Sociedad Peruana de Farmacología y Terapéutica Experimental (SOPFARTEX). Lima, Perú. Miembro del Colegio Médico del Perú, Comité de Medicina Tradicional, Alternativa y Complementaria. Lima, Perú.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35434/rcmhnaaa.2022.154.1545

Palabras clave:

Automedicación, infecciones por coronavirus, COVID-19, universidades, plantas medicinales, Perú

Resumen

Introducción: La expansión acelerada del SARS-CoV-2 trajo consigo una crisis mundial, y una serie de estudios y recomendaciones para manejarlo; mientras que estudios previos a la pandemia, evidencia elevada prevalencia de automedicación en estudiantes universitarios. Objetivo:  Identificar la frecuencia y características de automedicación contra la COVID-19 con fármacos y/o plantas medicinales en los estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana (UNAP), Iquitos, Loreto-Perú, durante la primera ola por COVID-19. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en 338 estudiantes mediante una encuesta semiestructurada ad-hoc con preguntas distribuidas en 3 dimensiones: características sociodemográficas, características de COVID-19 y características del uso de fármacos/plantas medicinales. Resultados: El promedio de la edad fue 22,39 años (DE ± 5,59), predomino el sexo femenino con 61,2 % (n=207), el 55,3% (n=187) presentaron síntomas sugestivos de COVID-19. Además, el 76,9% (n=260) utilizaron medicación, distribuido de mayor a menor 65,4 % (n=170) fármacos y plantas, 25,8 % (n=67) solo plantas, y 8,8 % (n=23) solo fármacos; incurrieron en automedicación el 79,2% (n=206). Los principales fármacos empleados fueron dexametasona, paracetamol, azitromicina, e ivermectina. Las plantas medicinales principalmente empleadas fueron eucalipto, kion, manzanilla y matico. Se presentó probable asociación a la automedicación con antecedente de síntomas sugestivos de COVID-19 (p=0.001, IC 95%), y contacto de COVID-19 (p=0,011, IC 95%). Conclusión: Entre los estudiantes de una universidad de la Amazonía Peruana, se identificó elevada prevalencia y los factores asociados a la automedicación con fármacos y plantas medicinales. 

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Biografía del autor/a

Maxzy Andrea Diaz Mena, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana. Iquitos, Perú. Miembro de la Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Amazonía Peruana (SOCIEMAP). Iquitos, Perú.

1. Estudiante de medicina humana 

Milagros Flórez Vela, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana. Iquitos, Perú. Miembro de la Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Amazonía Peruana (SOCIEMAP). Iquitos, Perú

1. Estudiante de medicina humana

Alberto Salazar Granara, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Centro de Investigación de Medicina Tradicional y Farmacología. Lima, Perú. Miembro de la Sociedad Peruana de Farmacología y Terapéutica Experimental (SOPFARTEX). Lima, Perú. Miembro del Colegio Médico del Perú, Comité de Medicina Tradicional, Alternativa y Complementaria. Lima, Perú.

1. Médico Cirujano, Doctor en Medicina, Profesor Investigador

Citas

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30-01-2023

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1.
Pasache Pinedo P, Diaz Mena MA, Flórez Vela M, Salazar Granara A. Automedicación y uso de plantas medicinales en estudiantes universitarios de la Amazonía Peruana durante la primera ola por COVID-19. Rev. Cuerpo Med. HNAAA [Internet]. 30 de enero de 2023 [citado 29 de marzo de 2024];15(4):493-502. Disponible en: https://cmhnaaa.org.pe/ojs/index.php/rcmhnaaa/article/view/1545