puc-header

Milk Antibody Response After 3rd Dose of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine and SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infection and Implications for Infant Protection

19 Pages Posted: 29 Dec 2022 Publication Status: Published

See all articles by Yarden Golan

Yarden Golan

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences

Mikias Ilala

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), School of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics

Caryl Gay

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Department of Family Health Care Nursing

Soumya Hunagund

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine

Christine Y. Lin

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine

Arianna G. Cassidy

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine

Unurzul Jigmeddagva

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Center for Reproductive Sciences

Lin Li

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine

Nida Ozarslan

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine

Ifeyinwa Asiodu

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Department of Family Health Care Nursing

Nadav Ahituv

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences

Valerie J. Flaherman

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), School of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics

Stephanie Gaw

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine

Mary Prahl

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), School of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics

More...

Multiple version iconThere are 2 versions of this paper

Abstract

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies have been found in human-milk after COVID-19 infection and vaccination. However, little is known about their persistence in milk after booster vaccination and breakthrough infection. In this study, human-milk, saliva and blood samples were collected from 33 lactating individuals before and after mRNA-based vaccination and COVID-19 breakthrough infections. Antibody levels were measured using ELISA and symptoms were assessed using questionnaires. Evaluation of maternal and infant symptomatology revealed that infected mothers reported more symptoms than vaccinated mothers. We found that after vaccination, human-milk anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies persisted for up to 8 months. In addition, distinct patterns of human milk IgA and IgG production we observed after breakthrough infection compared to 3-dose vaccination series alone, indicating a differential central and mucosal immune profiles in hybrid compared with vaccine-induced immunity. To investigate passively derived milk antibody protection in infants, we examined the persistence of these antibodies in infant saliva after breastfeeding. We found that IgA was more abundant in infant saliva compared to IgG and persist in infant saliva longer after feeding. Our results delineate the differences in milk antibody response to vaccination as compared to breakthrough infection and emphasize the importance of improving the secretion of IgA antibodies to human milk after vaccination to improve the protection of breastfeeding infants.

Note:

Funding Information: Y.G. was supported by the Weizmann Institute of Science -National Postdoctoral Award Program for Advancing Women in Science, and of the Human Frontiers in Science Program (HFSP). M.P. was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIAID K23AI127886), the Marino Family Foundation, and UCSF REAC award. S.L.G. was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIAID K08AI141728).

Declaration of Interests: The authors have declared that no conflict of interest exists.

Ethics Approval Statement: The institutional review board of the University of California, San Francisco, approved the study (#21-33621). Written informed consent was obtained from all study volunteers as part of the COVID-19 Vaccine in Pregnancy and Lactation (COVIPAL) cohort study.

Suggested Citation

Golan, Yarden and Ilala, Mikias and Gay, Caryl and Hunagund, Soumya and Lin, Christine Y. and Cassidy, Arianna G. and Jigmeddagva, Unurzul and Li, Lin and Ozarslan, Nida and Asiodu, Ifeyinwa and Ahituv, Nadav and Flaherman, Valerie J. and Gaw, Stephanie and Prahl, Mary, Milk Antibody Response After 3rd Dose of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine and SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infection and Implications for Infant Protection. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4309085 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4309085
This version of the paper has not been formally peer reviewed.

Yarden Golan

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences ( email )

Mikias Ilala

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), School of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics ( email )

Caryl Gay

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Department of Family Health Care Nursing ( email )

Soumya Hunagund

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine ( email )

Christine Y. Lin

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine ( email )

Arianna G. Cassidy

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine ( email )

Unurzul Jigmeddagva

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Center for Reproductive Sciences ( email )

Lin Li

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine ( email )

Nida Ozarslan

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine ( email )

Ifeyinwa Asiodu

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Department of Family Health Care Nursing

Nadav Ahituv

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences ( email )

Valerie J. Flaherman

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), School of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics ( email )

Stephanie Gaw

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine

Mary Prahl (Contact Author)

University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), School of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics ( email )

Click here to go to Cell.com

Paper statistics

Downloads
16
Abstract Views
257
PlumX Metrics