Optimal control for COVID-19 pandemic with quarantine and antiviral therapy

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sintl.2021.100131Get rights and content
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Highlights

  • A model of COVID-19 transmission dynamics is presented.

  • Evaluate the impact of antiviral treatment, testing, hospitalization and social distancing.

  • Analyze government strategies for control of COVID-19 such as isolation, lockdown, quarantine, etc.

  • Three control inputs are imposed in the model make the simulation challenging.

  • A control strategy is proposed to find the optimal policy to reduce infectious and hospitalized patients.

Abstract

In the absence of a proper cure for the disease, the recent pandemic caused by COVID-19 has been focused on isolation strategies and government measures to control the disease, such as lockdown, media coverage, and improve public hygiene. Mathematical models can help when these intervention mechanisms find some optimal strategies for controlling the spread of such diseases. We propose a set of nonlinear dynamic systems with optimal strategy including practical measures to limit the spread of the virus and to diagnose and isolate infected people while maintaining consciousness for citizens. We have used Pontryagin's maximum principle and solved our system by the finite difference method. In the end, several numerical simulations have been executed to verify the proposed model using Matlab. Also, we pursued the resilience of the parameters of control of the nonlinear dynamic systems, so that we can easily handle the pandemic situation.

Keywords

COVID-19
Optimal control
Pontryagin's maximum principle
Hamiltonian
Transversality conditions

MSC

34A12
49K15
92B05

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