Ensefalitis pada Infeksi Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36408/mhjcm.v7i1A.483Keywords:
COVID-19, ensefalitis, neurologiAbstract
Latar belakang: Infeksi Corona Virus Disesase 2019 (COVID-19) pertama kali terdeteksi pada Desember 2019 di Cina dan telah menyebar dengan cepat ke seluruh dunia. World Health Organization (WHO) baru-baru ini mengumumkan COVID-19 merupakan pandemi dunia dengan lebih dari 180.000 kasus dilaporkan hingga saat ini. Manifestasi neurologis dari COVID-19 berkaitan dengan penyakit serebrovaskular akut, gangguan kesadaran, dan kasus ensefalopati nekrotik hemoragik akut. Tujuan dari tinjauan literatur ini adalah mengkaji secara teori berdasarkan literatur tentang hubungan ensefalitis dan infeksi COVID-19.
Metode: Review literatur
Pembahasan: Ensefalitis dapat menyertai penyakit virus, seperti pada infeksi COVID-19. Ensefalitis virus mempengaruhi anak-anak, dewasa muda, atau pasien lanjut usia. Virus severe acute resporatory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) dapat masuk ke sistem saraf pusat melalui nervus olfaktorius.
Simpulan: Diagnosis ensefalitis COVID-19 dapat ditegakkan dengan anamnesis; pemeriksaan fisik; dan pemeriksaan penunjang berupa laboratorium darah, CT scan kepala, MRI serebral, EEG, analisa cairan serebrospinal, dan pemeriksaan PCR SARS-CoV-2 dari cairan serebrospinal.
Kata Kunci: COVID-19, ensefalitis, neurologi
Background: Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection was first detected in December 2019 in China and has spread rapidly throughout the world. World Health Organization recently announced COVID-19 is a world pandemic with more than 180,000 reported cases. Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 were an acute cerebrovascular disease, impaired consciousness, and acute hemorrhagic necrotic encephalopathy. The aim of this literature review is to analyse theoretically based on literature about encephalitis in COVID-19.Methods: A literature reviewDiscussion: Encephalitis can accompany viral diseases, such as COVID-19. Viral encephalitis affects children, young adults, or elderly patients. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) enters the central nervous system via the olfactory nerve.Conclusion: Covid-19 encephalitis can be detected by anamnesis, physical examination, and supporting examination: blood laboratory finding, head CT scan, cerebral MRI, EEG, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, and PCR test of SARS-CoV-2 by CSF.
Keywords: COVID-19, encephalitis, neurology
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