IAI SPECIAL EDITION: Drug therapy for COVID-19 inpatients in West Nusa Tenggara hospital

Authors

  • Mahacita Andanalusia Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
  • Shah Iqbal Ikraman Akbar Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
  • Anna Pradiningsih Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2022.222.180183

Keywords:

COVID-19, Hospital, Inpatient, Therapy

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 represents an unprecedented challenge to the world. Various attempts have been made to overcome COVID-19, including employing multiple drug therapies.       

Objective: This study was conducted to describe the drug therapy of COVID-19 inpatients at the West Nusa Tenggara Hospital in 2020.      

Methods: Observation of 102 patients was conducted retrospectively. Data collection was performed by analysing medical records.       

Results: A total of 62 out of the 102 patients (60.8%) were hospitalised more than four weeks. 57 patients (55.9%) received antivirus therapy with Oseltamivir and 47 patients (46.1%) recieved azithromycin as adjuvant antibiotic therapy. Most of the patients (63.7%) received vitamin C as an immunomodulator. A small number of patients received other supportive therapies recommended to decrease the symptoms of COVID-19. The most frequent administered therapies for COVID-19 patients hospitalised at the West Nusa Tenggara Hospital are antivirals, antibiotics, and immunomodulatory.       

Conclusion:  The findings provide an overview of therapy use for COVID-19 inpatients in West Nusa Tenggara Hospital. There is a need to assess the effectiveness of the therapy to promote safe and effective use of drugs for COVID-19 patients in the future.

Author Biographies

Mahacita Andanalusia, Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Faculty of Health Science

Shah Iqbal Ikraman Akbar, Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Faculty of Health Science

Anna Pradiningsih, Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Faculty of Health Science

References

Bonanad, C., García-blas, S., Tarazona-santabalbina, F., Sanchis, J., Bertomeu-gonzález, V., Fácila, L., Ariza, A., Núñez, J., & Cordero, A. (2020). The Effect of Age on Mortality in Patients With COVID-19 : A Meta-Analysis With 611 , 583 Subjects. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 21(7), 915–918. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2020.05.045

DISKOMINFOTIK NTB. (2021). Data COVID-19 NTB (online). Available from: https://corona.ntbprov.go.id/

Donsu, Y.C., & Hasmono, D. (2020). Tinjauan Azitromisin Pada Penyakit Virus Korona 2019 ( COVID-19 ) Review of Azithromycin for Coronavirus Disease 2019 ( COVID-19 ). PHARMACON Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi, 17(2), 133–147

Id, S. W., Xue, L., Legido-quigley, H., Khan, M., & Wu, H. (2020). Understanding factors influencing the length of hospital stay among non-severe COVID-19 patients : A retrospective cohort study in a Fangcang shelter hospital. 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240959

Maruta, H., & He, H. (2020). PAK1-blockers: Potential Therapeutics against COVID-19. Medicine in Drug Discovery, 6, 100039. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100039

Mira, A., Dewi, C., Dagradi, E.M., & Wibowo, P. (2021). The effect of high dose vitamin c (ascorbic acid) on proinflammatory cytokines in COVID-19, 5(01), 46–50.

Pinzón, M.A., Ortiz, S., Holguín, H., Betancur, J.F., Arango, D.C., Laniado, H., Arias, C.A., Munõz, B., Quiceno, J., Jaramillo, D., & Ramirez, Z. (2021). Dexamethasone vs methylprednisolone high dose for Covid-19 pneumonia. PLoS ONE, 16(5 May), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252057

Pivonello, R., Auriemma, S., & Pivonello, C. (2020). Sex Disparities in COVID-19 Severity and Outcome : Are Men Weaker or Women Stronger ? Neuroendocrinology, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1159/000513346

Ramatillah, D.L. & Isnaini, S. (2021) Treatment profiles and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients at private hospital in Jakarta, PLoS ONE, 16(4 April), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250147

Smith, T., Bushek, J., & Prosser, T. (2020). COVID-19 Drug Therapy Highlights : Antimicrobials with potential activity against SARS-CoV-2 : Clinical Drug Information, Cdc, 1–21

Sultana, J., Maria, P., Salvatore, C., Gabriele, C., Gaetano, P., & Trifirò, G. (2020). Azithromycin in COVID ‑ 19 Patients : Pharmacological Mechanism , Clinical Evidence and Prescribing Guidelines. Drug Safety, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40264-020-00976-7

Susen, S., Susen, S., Tacquard, C.A., Godon, A., Mansour, A., Garrigue, D., Nguyen, P., Godier, A., Testa, S., Levy, J.H., Albaladejo, P., & Gruel, Y. (2020). Prevention of thrombotic risk in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 and hemostasis monitoring. Critical Care, 24(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-020-03000-7

Tan, Q., Duan, L., Ma, Y., Wu, F., Huang, Q., Mao, K., Xiao, W., Xia, H., Zhang, S., Zhou, E., Ma, P., Song, S., Li, Y., Zhao, Z., Sun, Y., Li, Z., & Geng, W. (2020). Is oseltamivir suitable for fighting against COVID-19 : In silico assessment, in vitro and retrospective study. Bioorganic Chemistry, 104(104257)

Thomas, S., Patel, D., Bittel, B., Wolski, K., Wang, Q., Kumar, A., Il’Giovine, Z.J., Mehra, R., McWilliams, C., Nissen, S.E., & Desai, M.Y. (2021). Effect of High-Dose Zinc and Ascorbic Acid Supplementation vs Usual Care on Symptom Length and Reduction among Ambulatory Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: The COVID A to Z Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Network Open, 4(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0369

WHO (World Health Organization) (2021). WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard (online). Available at: COVID-19 .who.int

Zhang, X.W., & Yap, Y. L. (2004). The 3D structure analysis of SARS-CoV S1 protein reveals a link to influenza virus neuraminidase and implications for drug and antibody discovery. Journal of Molecular Structure (Theochem), 681, 137–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theochem.2004.04.065

Downloads

Published

31-03-2022

How to Cite

Andanalusia, M. ., Akbar, S. I. I. ., & Pradiningsih, A. . (2022). IAI SPECIAL EDITION: Drug therapy for COVID-19 inpatients in West Nusa Tenggara hospital. Pharmacy Education, 22(2), p. 180–183. https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2022.222.180183

Issue

Section

Special Edition