Can Vaccination Intentions against COVID-19 be Nudged?

57 Pages Posted: 4 Apr 2022

See all articles by Elena Kantorowicz-Reznichenko

Elena Kantorowicz-Reznichenko

Erasmus University Rotterdam

Jaroslaw Kantorowicz

Leiden University

Liam Wells

Erasmus Graduate School of Law; Università di Bologna - Dipartimento di Sociologia e Diritto dell'Economia; Universitat Hamburg Institute for Law and Economics

Date Written: November 1, 2021

Abstract

Once vaccines against COVID-19 became available in many countries, a new challenge has emerged – how to increase the number of people who vaccinate? Different policies are being considered and implemented, including behaviourally informed interventions (i.e., nudges). The advantage of such policies is that they are expected to preserve people’s freedom. However, their effectiveness in enhancing vaccinations is not entirely clear. To be able to choose the most suitable policy to enhance vaccinations, while balancing public health against people’s freedoms, policymakers need to know which interventions work, but also which do not. Therefore, in this study we have experimentally examined two types of nudges, descriptive social norms, and saliency, on representative samples in Israel and the UK. We did not find evidence that informing people that the vast majority of their country-people intend to vaccinate enhanced vaccination intentions (Israel). We also did not find evidence that making the death experience from COVID-19, or its hard symptoms, salient enhanced vaccination intentions (UK). Finally, we have also examined the effectiveness of transparent nudges, in which people were informed they are being nudged and why. Such interventions as well did not change the results.

Note:
Funding Information: The study was funded from my research budget which I have received from the university for a larger project (not directly connected to COVID-19 since I have received it before the pandemic – in July 2019, but related to nudges). The grant is called EUR Fellowship (no number).

Conflict of Interests: None to declare.

Ethical Approval: The study has been approved by the Erasmus School of Law Research Ethics Review Committee, approval number: 20-08.

Keywords: nudges, vaccines, COVID-19, social norm, saliency

Suggested Citation

Kantorowicz-Reznichenko, Elena and Kantorowicz, Jaroslaw and Wells, Liam and Wells, Liam, Can Vaccination Intentions against COVID-19 be Nudged? (November 1, 2021). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4045125 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4045125

Elena Kantorowicz-Reznichenko (Contact Author)

Erasmus University Rotterdam ( email )

Zuid-Holland
Netherlands

Jaroslaw Kantorowicz

Leiden University ( email )

Postbus 9500
Leiden, Zuid Holland 2300 RA
Netherlands

Liam Wells

Università di Bologna - Dipartimento di Sociologia e Diritto dell'Economia ( email )

Via San Giacomo, 3
Bologna, 40126
Italy

Erasmus Graduate School of Law ( email )

3000 DR Rotterdam
Netherlands

Universitat Hamburg Institute for Law and Economics ( email )

Allende-Platz 1
Hamburg, 20146
Germany

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