The Journal of Plant Science Research - A UGC Care-Listed Journal
Published in Association with Forum For the Promotion of Plant Science Research
Current Volume: 39 (2023 )
ISSN: 0970-2539
e-ISSN: 0976-3880
Periodicity: Tri-annual
Month(s) of Publication: April, August & December
Subject: Botany
DOI: 10.32381/JPSR
Online Access is Free for Life Member
The Journal of Plant Science Research is a reputed peer reviewed International Journal which is published Tri-Annual. This Journal disseminates knowledge in all related fields of Plant Science Research such as Plant Physiology, Agriculture, Bio-Chemistry and Botany. It imparts the latest advances in the field of biotechnology and genetic engineering which is proved beneficial for the upcoming Geneticists, Plant Physiologists, Botanists, Biochemists and Biotechnologists. It regularly supplies the latest information on researchers, education, publication, and projects on Plant Science at national and international levels.
A UGC Care-Listed Journal
National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
EBSCO
ProQuest
CABI
Genamics (JournalSeek)
Indian Citation Index (ICI)
Editor-In-Chief University of Rajasthan, Formerly Vice-Chancellor, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP) FNA, Noida Senior Scientist, Nuenster 48149, Prefectural, University of Hiroshima Northeastern State University, Pro-Chancellor,
Prof. Ashwani Kumar
Jaipur
President
Dr. P. C. Trivedi
Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur
M.D.S. University, Ajmer
DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur
Dr. R.M.L. Avadh University, Faizabad
Maharaja Ganga Singh University, Bikaner, Rajasthan
Former Head, Botany and Biotechnology,
University of Rajasthan, Jaipur
Vice President
Dr. Rakesh Pandey
Lucknow
Founder Chief Editor
Late Prof. C P Malik
Editorial Board
Dr. Krishnendu Mukherjee
Germany
Prof. Shinjiro Ogita
Hiroshima, Japan
Prof. Yuan-Yeu Yau
Broken Arrow,
Oklahoma, USA
Advisors
Prof. H N Verma
JNU, Jaipur
Volume 39 Issue 3 , (Sep- to Dec-2023)
Induced Morphological Viable Mutations in Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L. Millisp.)
By: Asha Rani
Page No : 1-7
Abstract
To find the viable morphological mutations in mung bean seeds of two varieties of green gram (Vigna radiata) i.e. Narendra mung-1 (NM-1) and Pantnagar mung-2 (PTM-2) were obtained from Pantnagar seed department, Pantnagar University, Pantnagar. These mutations occur due to the toxic effects of heavy metals which were present in city waste water. This effluent was collected from the B.D.A. colony nalah situated near Gulabrai Inter college of Bareilly city. The concentrations of the heavy metals such as copper, zinc and lead were found 7.500 mg/l, 7.270 mg/l and 3.740 mg/l respectively in city waste water. Different concentrations (80%, 90% and 100%) of the effluent were prepared to treat the mung bean seeds.
In first (M1) generation the phytotoxic effects of effluent on different growth parameters were observed. The seeds of M1 plants were collected and sown on plant to row progeny basis to raise second or M2 generation. Different type of viable morphological mutations were recorded in second (M2) generation. A wide range of viable mutants on seedling length, appearance, leaf number, shape and size, maturity pattern , yield were isolated in the M2 generation. Synchronous, early maturing and high yielding mutants are agronomically desirable which may be utilized in future breeding programme. Spectrum and frequency of these viable mutants were calculated. It has been observed that frequency of viable mutation increased with increasing concentrations of heavy metals. The heavy metal treatment showed increase in induction of viable mutation frequency and it reached to 3.255 in 100% ZnSO4 in PTM-2.
Author :
Asha Rani : Ph. D, Department of Botany, Bareilly College, Bareilly, M.J.P. Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.1
Price: 251
Depiction and Annotation of Hypothetical Proteins from Oryza sativa L. by Relative Screening in Seek of Rare and Nifty Proteins
By: Arpita Banerjee , Monali Bhattacharjee , Debapriya Das , Renia Mullick , Sujata Dhar (Dutta) , Debleena Roy
Page No : 9-19
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) of the family Poaceae has various genomes that are uncharacterized for their biochemical, biophysical, and/or cellular functions, are identified as Hypothetical Proteins (HPs). In this study, a comparative in silico pipeline has been used for the identification and functional annotation of 10HPs of O. sativa obtained from NCBI database. The structure, function, subcellular localization and interacting partners of the proteins were analysed along with orthology prediction to the hypothetical proteins of the data set. 90% successful annotation was done where most of the annotated HPs have functionally significant domains and protein superfamilies. Majority of the proteins were predicted to be Enzymes. Subcellular localization is a vital step for effective protein identification as subcellular localization of HPs elucidates their cellular mechanism. Most of the proteins were localized within the nucleus followed by cytoplasm, chloroplast, mitochondria, plasma membrane, extracellular matrix. No signal peptide was predicted. Mainly, the proteins had their closest orthologous members belonging to other species of Oryza. Functional analysis has revealed the role of few HPs in both biotic and abiotic stress management in the plants. The consequence of this research may be beneficial for outlining general set pipeline or etiquettes for an improved perception of the function of HPs in physiological development of several plant system. The understanding of the structure and function of these important proteins and their binding sites would be beneficial in understanding their role in metabolic pathway and in docking studies for aiding in the drug discovery.
Authors :
Arpita Banerjee, Monali Bhattacharjee, Debapriya Das, Renia Mullick and Debleena Roy : PG Department of Botany, Lady Brabourne College, Kolkata, India
Sujata Dhar (Dutta) : Department of Zoology, Lady Brabourne College, Kolkata, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.2
Price: 251
Proline Metabolism in Two High Yielding Groundnut Cultivars that Differ in their Drought Tolerance
By: K.V. Madhusudhan , C. Sudhakar
Page No : 21-29
Abstract
In this study, we compared the effects of drought stress on proline metabolism, glycine betaine and lipid peroxidation in two groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars, K-6 and JL-24, that are droughttolerant and drought-susceptible, respectively. As RWC decreased over time, leaf dry weight values also decreased across all stress regimes and cultivars. In the leaves of both cultivars, pyrroline-5- carboxylate reductase (P5CR) was upregulated in response to water stress, while proline oxidase (POX) and pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase (P5CDH) were downregulated. These results imply that the induction of proline levels during groundnut development is associated with the elevation of proline synthesis enzyme (P5CR) and the downregulation of proline degrading enzymes (POX and P5CDH) that contribute to the plant’s decreased sensitivity to drought. Proline levels are greater in cultivar K-6 than in cultivar JL-24, which may be attributed to increased P5CR rates and less inhibition of POX and P5CDH. At all stress levels, the groundnut cv. K-6 accumulated more glycine betaine than the cv. JL-24. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is an indicator of lipid peroxidation, and in cultivar JL-24 it was found in significantly higher concentrations than in cultivar K-6. Dry mass buildup and physio-biochemical responses differed across cultivars and were based on the intensity of the stress. Tolerance levels of these two cultivars were compared.
Authors :
K.V. Madhusudhan : Government College for Men, Cluster University, Kurnool, AP, India.
C. Sudhakar : Department of Botany, S.K. University, Anatapuramu, AP, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.3
Price: 251
Starch-based on Electrospun Nanofibrous Scaffold Incorporated with Bioactive Compound from Mollugo nudicaulis for Wound Healing Application
By: Mani Panagal , Siva Shankar Raj
Page No : 31-41
Abstract
The aim of this research was to develop nanofibrous scaffolds using starch and incorporating 12-(10-carboxydecanoyloxy)-12-oxododecanoic acid (Compound-1) from the ethanolic extract of Mollugo nudicaulis. Compound-1 was added to starch solutions at different concentrations (0, 20, 30, and 40% v/v) and transformed into nanofibers through electrospinning. The resulting electrospun fibers were analyzed for their morphology, size distribution, thermal stability, FT-IR spectra and wound healing potential. The nanofibers loaded with compound-1 exhibited a uniform morphology and had average diameters ranging from 76 to 98 nm. Moreover, the compound-1 encapsulated within the nanofibers demonstrated higher thermal stability compared to the free compound-1. FT-IR analysis revealed interactions between the starch and compound-1. Notably, the nanofibers loaded with 40% compound-1 exhibited significantly enhanced viability in HaCat cells. Western blot analysis showed increased expression levels of VEGF and PDGF proteins, suggesting that the developed nanofibers could promote angiogenesis and cell proliferation, thereby potentially accelerating the wound healing process. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the developed starch-based electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds, incorporating compound-1 from Mollugo nudicaulis, possess potent wound healing properties by activating the VEGF and PDGF signaling pathways. Nevertheless, further in vitro and in vivo studies are necessary to validate these findings.
Authors :
Mani Panagal and Siva Shankar Raj : Department of Biotechnology, Annai College of Arts and Science (Affiliated by Bharathidasan University), Kovilacheri, Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.4
Price: 251
Antioxidant and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Basella alba Leaves
By: V.H. Patel , Vimal B. Jayswal , Neeta R. Dave
Page No : 43-48
Factors such as oxidative stress and reduced acetylcholine level have been implicated in Alzheimer’s disease. Green leafy vegetables exhibit neuroprotective activities by various mechanism, one of them being inhibition of acetylcholineesterase (AChE). Inhibition of AChE activity has been accepted as an effective treatment for neurodegenerative disease. AChE inhibitory activity prevents it from breaking down acetylcholine in the brain and improves acetylcholine concentration which leads to increased communication between the nerve cells. Some medicinal plants like Basella alba leaves (BAL) have been found to contain numerous phytochemicals with potent antioxidant effects. The majority of these component phytochemicals scavenge free radicals thereby neutralizing their injurious potentials on body tissues. BAL is an edible perennial vine found in tropical Asia and Africa, known as vegetables containing mucilage. The objective of this research is to estimate antioxidant capacity and AChE inhibitory activity of BAL. The total phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity (FRAP, DPPH, ABTS, RPA) and AChE inhibitory activity of BAL were studied which results into total phenolic and flavonoid content of dried BAL was 664.49 mg GAE/ 100 gm and 950.52 mg RE/ 100 gm whereas total antioxidant capacity using FRAP, RPA, DPPH and ABTS was found to be 695.58, 429.17, 204.50 and 27.08 mg TE/ 100 gm, respectively. IC50 of fresh BAL for AChE inhibitory activity was 20.02 mg while that of positive control (tacrine) was found to be 0.008 mg. BAL have good antioxidant capacity and AChE inhibitory activity.
Authors :
Vimal B. Jayswal, V. H. Patel and Neeta R. Dave : P. G. Department of Home Science, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand, Gujarat, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.5
Price: 251
Selection of Candidate Plus Trees (CPTs) of Azadirachta indica from Different Provenances of South Eastern Rajasthan for Tree Improvement
By: Neetha. P , Subodh Dhonde
Page No : 49-62
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out in three districts of South Eastern Rajasthan; Jhalawar, Kota and Baran to select the phenotypically superior trees (CPTs) of Azadirachta indica and to study the variation of the phenotypic characters among provenances. Thirty CPTs each were selected for study from each of the three districts and the parameters tree height, crown diameter, bark thickness, Girth, clear bole height, Ratio of clear bole height and tree height were recorded and subjected to descriptive statistical analysis. The data analyzed for the CPTs selected reveals that both the Kota and Baran region have highest value for tree height, crown diameter, bark thickness, Girth, clear bole height, Ratio of clear bole height and tree height. The trees selected from Kota region is also having highest value of both crown diameter and second highest value of leaf area after Jhalawar region and the trees selected from Jhalawar region has the highest value for both Girth and bark thickness among other provenances. The data of this experiment can also be used as a base line data for using in further tree breeding and tree improvement programme of Azadirachta indica.
Authors :
Neetha. P : Assistant Professor, Department of Forest Biology and Tree Improvement, CH & F, Jhalawar, Agriculture University, Kota, Rajasthan, India.
Subodh Dhonde : Ph.D. Scholar, Forest Research Institute Deemed University, Dehradun, Uttrakhand, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.6
Price: 251
Flora of Series Inferae of Deoli Tehsil, Tonk District (Rajasthan)
By: O. P. Sharma
Page No : 63-67
Abstract
The paper highlights flora of series Inferae of Deoli tehsil (Tonk district) Rajasthan. The study is aimed to evaluate the taxonomic status of this series of the area. The observation is dependent on continuous collection tours of study area. Sixty-two plant species of series Inferae have been observed in this study.
Author :
O. P. Sharma : Professor, Head Department of Botany, Government College, Bundi, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.7
Price: 251
Documentation of Riparian Vegetation Across the Tungabhadra River, Vijayanagara District, Karnataka
By: D K Basavaraj , Raghavendra H , Mahesh Kammar , M. Siddeshwari , P Shivakumar Singh
Page No : 69-83
Abstract
The Thungabhadra river located on Vijayanagara district which having more Riparian vegetation comparatively other regions, the study reveals the majority of vegetation shows that among 83 species the dominant family is Fabaceae which is having 14 species (37%), 11 genus (15.4%) followed by Amaranthaceae 7 species (8.64%), 3 genus (4.22%) along with Asteraceae having 7 species (8.64 %) 7 genus (9.85 %). However, the present study finds that most of the commercially valuable, medicinal, and industrially enriched diverse species can be identified.
Authors :
D K Basavaraj, Raghavendra H, Mahesh Kammar and M. Siddeshwari : Department of PG Studies in Botany, Raichur University, Raichur, Karnataka, India
P Shivakumar Singh : Department of Botany, Palamuru University, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.8
Price: 251
Phytochemical Properties of Paederia cruddasiana Prain: A Medicinal Vine Used in Healing of Bone Fractures in Folk Medicine of Assam
By: Pronab Mudoi , B. K. Konwar
Page No : 85-94
Abstract
Kolialota (Paederia cruddasiana Prain), a vine belonging of the family Rubiaceae often used by traditional healers in Assam, India for treating bone fractures with sound results. However, there is no systematic research on the phytochemicals as well as on anabolic actions in bone healing. The study was taken up to analyze the phytochemicals and their biochemical activities present in the leaves of Kolialota. Results clearly refer to the terpenoids and flavonoids, which were found to be abundantly present in the leaves giving significant antioxidant properties. Among the tested extracts, methanolic extract was found to contain higher amounts of total phenols, flavonoids and antioxidants. In addition, the leaf extract was found to contain the high amount of calcium (3993 µg/L ) conformed by scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive analysis. Further, gas chromatography and mass spectroscopic studies also confirmed the presence of certain phytochemicals such as lidocaine and 4 dehydroxy-n-tyramine that are associated with bone anabolic properties.
Authors :
Pronab Mudoi and B. K. Konwar : Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.9
Price: 251
Mineral Nutrients Assessment of Selected Underutilized Yam Plants from Hamirpur District, Himachal Pradesh
By: Ram Chand Bhatti , Chongtham Nirmala , Sabir Hussain , Anand Narain Singh
Page No : 95-105
Abstract
This study was conducted on five wild tuber plants named Dioscorea alata, Dioscorea pentaphylla, Dioscorea bulbifera, Dioscorea deltoidea and Dioscorea bellophylla belonging to the family Dioscoreaceae which are edible and are eaten by the local people of Hamirpur district Himachal Pradesh. Collected samples of the selected underutilized Yam plants from different regions of the study area were analyzed for their mineral nutrient content. Twenty-one elements were found: Aluminium, Barium, Bromine, Calcium, Chloride, Copper, Iron, Potassium, Magnesium, Manganese, Molybdenum, Sodium, Niobium (columbium-Cb), Nickel, Ruthenium, Rubidium, Sulphur, Silicon, Strontium, Titanium and Zinc. However, maximum K, Mg, S, Mn, Cu, and P were recorded in Dioscorea alata, Ca in Dioscorea bulbifera, Fe and Zn in D. pentaphyla. Based on the chemical evaluation, it was observed that tubers of D. alata, D. bulbifera, D. pentaphyla, D. deltoidea, and D. bellophylla might be suggested for commercial cultivation. However, minor information is available regarding its edible properties and nutritional requirements to the modem civilization. Present knowledge is not enough to generalize for all types of exploited plants available in the basket of the Himalayan region. However, it can be helpful to optimize more research to promote food security for humanity from starvation and malnutrition.
Authors :
Ram Chand Bhatti : Smt. Aruna Asaf Ali Govt. Post Graduate College, Kalka, Panchkula, Haryana, India.
Chongtham Nirmala : Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
Sabir Hussain and Anand Narain Singh : Soil Ecosystem and Restoration Ecology Lab, Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.10
Price: 251
Anticancer Property of Alstonia scholaris Linn Leaf Extract in MCF -7 and MDAMB -231 Breast Cancer Cell Line
By: Dhanakodi Shanmugapriya , Gopalan Jayanthi , Ranga Anantha Sayanam Rajeswari
Page No : 107-117
Abstract
Breast cancer is the major risk factor for mortality globally. Medicinal plant extracts were investigated as a potential source for breast cancer therapy. The current work aims to assess the intracellular ROS production and apoptosis induction by Alstonia scholaris Linn (A. scholaris) leaf extract in breast cancer cell lines. Column chromatography was used to purify bioactive components from an A. scholaris Linn methanolic extract. Fraction with a significant concentration of phytochemicals was utilised for further investigation. The results of DCFH-DA staining revealed a substantial rise in intracellular ROS levels in A. scholaris Linn-treated cell lines. The dual staining technique (AO/EtBr) was used to examine apoptotic changes. Treatment with A. scholaris Linn substantially enhanced the rate of apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines. Furthermore, enhanced p53 gene expression, downregulation of Bcl-2 and BRAC1 genes, and reduced TNF-a and IFN-l concentrations in A. scholaris Linn treated cancer cells demonstrated its anticancer activity.
Authors :
Dhanakodi Shanmugapriya and Gopalan Jayanthi : Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Government Arts College for Women, Krishnagiri, Tamil Nadu, India
Ranga Anantha Sayanam Rajeswari : Department of Biochemistry, School of Allied Health Sciences, Vinayaka Mission’s Kirupananda Variyar Medical College and Hospitals Campus, Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.11
Price: 251
Diagnosis of Blight Diseases in Tea Leaves Using Hybrid Deep Learning Approach
By: V. Sujatha , Nirmala V , Simi Margarat G , Ravindrakumar Selvaraj
Page No : 119-128
Abstract
Identification of leaf disease in tea plant in early stage is important to increase the production. In research so far in literature several artificial and machine learning approaches are investigated. In this paper, a new deep learning method is proposed combining the properties of GLCM, CNN and RNN. The method was developed for the diagnosis of disease using three types of data of tea leaf samples. The complex features were extracted from leaf samples. The extracted features were feed to the RNN classifier to differentiate abnormal and normal cases. The Investigation for disease classification is undergone using different pretrained CNN models, reshaping and feature map setting is done. The model is trained with the help of the Plant Village Dataset consisting of 54,305 images comprising of 38 different classes of both unhealthy and healthy leaves. The disease classification accuracy achieved by the proposed architecture is up to 95.81% and various observations were made with different hyperparameters of the CNN architecture. The experiment results achieved are comparable with other existing techniques in literature.
Authors :
V. Sujatha : Department of ECE, Shree Sathyam College of Engineering and Technology, Sankari, Tamil Nadu, India
Nirmala. V : Department of ECE, Assistant Professor, M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur, Tamil Nadu, India
Simi Margarat G : Department of Computer Science and Engineering, New Prince Shri Bhavani College of Engineering and Technology, Chennai, India
Ravindrakumar Selvaraj : Associate Professor, Biomedical Engineering, KIT- KalaignarKarunanidhi Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.12
Price: 251
An Effective Protocol for the Micro-propagation of Spiny Coriander (Eryngium foetidum L.)
By: Roshan K. V. Remesh , Jyothish Madambikattil Sasi , Biju Dharmapalan , Dhanya D.S
Page No : 129-135
Abstract
Eryngium foetidum L., a biennial herb, is extensively employed as a medicinal plant in many tropical countries. Its cultivation as a spice plant has gained prominence in India, Vietnam, Australia, and other geographical locations. Moreover, this botanical specimen exhibits a wide array of ethnomedicinal applications, encompassing the treatment of thermal injuries, otalgia, pyrexia, hypertensive disorders, gastrointestinal sluggishness, convulsive episodes, bronchial spasms, abdominal discomfort, helminthic infestations, reproductive impairments, snake bites, enteric disturbances, and malarial infections. The objective of the present study was to establish the optimal nutritional conditions required for shoot multiplication. To achieve this, axillary buds were employed as the explant, and various media and plant growth regulators were tested to determine the most effective regeneration method. Out of the various concentrations of Murashige and Skoog (MS) media and hormones that were tested, the most effective plant regeneration, with a success rate exceeding 95%, occurred on a half-strength MS medium enriched with 1.0 mg L-1 of benzyl adenine (BA) and 0.1 mg L-1 of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), resulting in the development of 5 shoots per explant. Subsequently, these shoots generated in vitro were successfully established with roots (85–100% success), and they were then transplanted to an experimental field with an efficiency rate of 65%. Overall, this study provides an optimized medium for the micropropagation of E. foetidum.
Authors :
Roshan K. V. Remesh : Assistant Professor, Sree Narayana Arts and Science College, Kumarakom, Kottayam, Kerala, India.
Jyothish Madambikattil Sasi : CSIR-National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research (NIScPR), 14, Satsang Vihar Marg, New Delhi, India
Biju Dharmapalan : School of Natural Sciences and Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Studies, Indian Institute of Science Campus, Bangalore, India.
Dhanya D.S.: Department of Botany, Sree Narayana College for Women, Kollam, Kerala, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.13
Price: 251
Study on Secondary Metabolites of Some Ethnomedicinally Important Plants of Murshidabad District, West Bengal, India
By: Asim Mandal , Sandip More , Mithun Biswas , Sutibra Narayan Mondal , Souhardya Ray , Supriti Ghosh
Page No : 137-143
Abstract
Plant kingdom have enormous chemicals contained in them. From the very ancient time till nowadays, people utilize these medicinal properties of plants, for the treatment of many diseases. Traditional medical sciences like Ayurveda, Unani, and traditional manuscripts provide us with the knowledge of how different plant parts are used for the treatment of various diseases. Ethnic groups and indigenous people of rural Murshidabad district and West Bengal use these ethnomedicinally important plants for treatment. The information about the importance of medicinal plants is transferred from generation to generation since ancient times. The aim is to screen out the different secondary metabolites present in each of the samples. Secondary metabolites are not primarily used during the life cycle of plants but used for their defense or other activities. These secondary metabolites have several beneficial aspects on human health. The secondary metabolites which are screened out mainly from the angiosperm families, which are abundant in Murshidabad district. Out of 25 species of angiosperms 10 species are encountered in the Murshidabad district, West Bengal, India. The plant samples are collected from the different localities and different parts are used, and extraction is done by organic solvents and distilled water. The extracted samples are then used for the screening of the secondary metabolites. Secondary metabolites screened out from these 10 species are Tannins, Phenolics, Alkaloids, and certain Glycosylated forms. These secondary metabolites have been reported to have various health benefits like antiseptic, analgesic, nervous system regulation, antioxidant properties, hypoglycemic, and immunomodulatory activities.
Authors :
Asim Mandal, Sandip More and Mithun Biswas : Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, Krishnath College, West Bengal, India
Sutibra Narayan Mondal, Souhardya Ray and Supriti Ghosh : Department of Botany, Murshidabad University, West Bengal, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.14
Price: 251
Exploring the Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties of Stinging Nettle (Urtica dioica L.): A Wild Edible Plant of Chamba District, Himachal Pradesh
By: Sumit , Gulshan Kumar , Sumit Singh
Page No : 145-154
Abstract
Urtica dioica L., commonly known as ‘stinging nettle’ is a wild edible Himalayan plant species that belongs to the family Urticaceae. This perennial herb grows in some pockets of Chamba district at an average elevation of 1900 to 2800 m and is locally called as ‘Ain’. The plant is used as great source of vegetable, fodder and herbal medicine. U. dioica L. cause skin irritation and itching when touched due to chemical compounds like acetylcholine, 5-hydroxy tryptamine, formic acid and histamine in the glandular hairs present on leaves and stem of the plant. The main objective of this study is to provide comprehensive information about phytochemistry and pharmacological aspects of U. dioica L. to strengthen traditional knowledge of native communities. The literature survey on U. dioica L. has been compiled from various sources such as scientific database-Google Scholar, regional floras and other published research articles. Kingsdraw chemical structure editor software has been used to depict the chemical structure of various compounds present in U. dioica L. such as phytosterols, flavonoids, tannins, proteins, amino acids and fatty acids.
Authors :
Sumit : Department of Botany, Govt. College Chamba, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Gulshan Kumar : Department of Botany, Career Point University, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India
Sumit Singh : Agrotechnology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North-East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.15
Price: 251
Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Ocimum sanctum Leaf Extract and Applications in the Textile Industry
By: Vadiraj B Tangod , Namrata M
Page No : 155-162
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles are synthesised using green nanotechnology and environmentally friendly chemistry, with Ocimum sanctum (Krishna Tulsi) leaf extract serving as a reducing and capping agent. This technique enables us to eliminate the usage of harmful reducing reagents while maintaining eco-friendly, cost-effective, and capable large-scale production due to the plentiful supply of greener products. This would accelerate science and technology forward at an alarming rate in the production of agricultural and industrial products, superior and durable materials, novel therapies for chronic and hated diseases like cancer, and plenty of additional industrial applications. According to the findings of this study, AgNPs from Krishna Tulsi extract have a great potential for usage as an antibacterial agent in the medical textile, food, and cosmetic industries.
The stability of synthesised molecules is examined using several components, such as temperature, time, and aggregation. The characterization was further examined using UV-Visible Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Transmission Electron Microscopy.
Authors :
Vadiraj B Tangod : Associate Professor and Head of Department of Physics, Government First Grade College for Women’s Opposite to R N Shetty Stadium Office, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
Namrata M : Associate Professor and Head of Department of Fashion Technology, Government First Grade College for Women’s Opposite to R N Shetty Stadium Office, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.16
Price: 251
Leaf Epidermal Features and Ethnomedicinal Studies of Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. from Semi-arid Regions of Barmer, Rajasthan, India
By: Vimala , Dinesh Hans
Page No : 163-167
Abstract
By virtue of its floral form and chemical makeup, the family Asteraceae is widely distribute in India. It is regarded as one of the most developed dicotyledonous family. In the Asteraceae family, the genus Vernonia has herbs and shrubs. In India, Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. is a widely distributed species. The plant has a reputation as a folklore remedy in several traditional medical systems. This study’s goal was to learn more about Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. leaf epidermal micromorphology. On the abaxial and adaxial surfaces of leaves, glandular and non-glandular trichome types as well as anomocytic stomatal types were identified as diagnostic markers by qualitative and quantitative analysis of epidermal properties. On both leaf surfaces, the epidermal cells were predominantly sinuous or polygonal in shape. The study’s objective is to assess the Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. plant’s therapeutic benefits among the local indigenous communities in the semi-arid areas of Barmer, Rajasthan.
Authors :
Vimala : Manikya Lal Verma Government College, Bhilwara, Rajasthan, India
Dinesh Hans : Department of Botany, SRK Government PG College, Rajsamand, Rajasthan, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.17
Price: 251
Studies on Effect of Salinity Stress with FYM on Growth and Productivity of Euphorbia Antisyphilitica Zucc.
By: Ashwani Kumar , Shobha Johari
Page No : 169-173
Abstract
Majority of east-coast belt of India is characterized by saline-alkaline soils. This condition is more serious in desert of Rajasthan. Hence, studies were undertaken to find out effect of irrigation with different saline concentrations along with FYM (farmyard manure) on Euphorbia antisyphilitica. This plant is a shrub, much branched, almost leafless and grows upto a height of approximately one meter. It has been reported to grow well in desert of Mexico and is useful to mankind in many ways like for biofuels, petrochemicals and for traditional medicines and waxes. Parameters taken for study were fresh and dry biomass, sugar, chlorophylls and hexane extractables of aboveground and underground parts. Our main emphasis was to study biomass production in saline soils which is a part of desertic environment of Rajasthan and by growing E. antisyphilitcia arid conditions of Thar desert can be improved. Experiments were performed in pots. Different concentrations of saline water taken for irrigation were – 0.125% , 0.25% , 0.50%, 1.0% and 2.0%. Fresh biomass and hexane extractables of aboveground parts were found to have a positive effect of saline water irrigation along with farmyard manure. Other parameters were also increased with different concentrations of saline water.
Authors :
Shobha Johari : Professor, Department of Botany, L.B.S. Government College, Kotputli, Rajasthan, India.
Ashwani Kumar : Former Head, Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.18
Price: 251
Phytosociological Study on Tree Species Diversity of Tribal Areas of Bichhua Tehsil, Chhindwara, Madhya Pradesh, India
By: Babita Rana , Kavita Chahal , Naveen Kumar Chourasia , Megha Jha , Rajendra Prasad Yadav
Page No : 175-181
Abstract
Understanding and evaluating population structure and floristic vegetation characteristics are crucial steps to reveal information about the relationships between distinct species. In order to evaluate the density, frequency, and abundance of the tree of Bichhua Tehsil, district Chhindwara, Madhya Pradesh, India, a systematic sampling technique was utilized to gather vegetation data from the natural vegetation. According to the study, there are 27 widely varying tree species belonging to 18 families. The species with the highest Importance Value Index (35.36) was Tectona grandis L.f., followed by Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb. with a score of 23.77. The Shannon Diversity Index (H) comes out to be is 3.244 reflecting the diversity of species in a given community and evenness is 0.98427. Such research would aid in identifying various levels of traditionally valued natural systems and planning for their better management with the ultimate goal of preserving biodiversity.
Authors :
Kavita Chahal : Government Model Science College, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
Naveen Kumar Chourasia : Department of Zoology, Government College, Bichhua, Chhindwara, M.P., India
Babita Rana : Department of Botany, Guru Nanak Khalsa College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Matunga, Mumbai, India.
Megha Jha : Department of Biotechnology, R&D, Pinnacle Biomedical Research Institute, Bhopal, M.P., India
Rajendra Prasad Yadav : Professor, Department of Geography, Government College, Bichhua, Chhindwara, M.P., India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.19
Price: 251
A Study on Auxins, Cytokinins and a Few Nutrients of a Brown Alga: Padina Pavonica
By: G. Subramanian , P. Ravi
Page No : 183-185
Abstract
Seaweeds and the compounds they produce can aid in and improve plant growth. Comparatively speaking, they are less expensive and simpler to use than other bioproducts. In this study, the brown alga Padina pavonica was shown to contain growth regulators and specific mineral compositions. In this work, growth regulators including auxins and cytokinins were examined. The macronutrients found in Padina pavonica were nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The nitrogen content level was the highest (262.15 mg/g dry wt.) among the three macronutrients. The quantitative level of zinc was higher (125 ppm) than that of other micronutrients, such as Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn.
Authors :
P. Ravi and G. Subramanian : Post Graduate and Researcher, Department of Botany, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.20
Price: 251
Net Zero Roadmap: A Global Pathway to Keep the 1.5°C: Global Biofuels Alliance Led by India at G20
By: Ashwani Kumar
Page No : 187-198
Abstract
Climate change is long term fluctuation in temperature, precipitation, wind and all other aspects of Earth’s climate. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), a UNEP body formed under WMO is the leading international body for the assessment of climate change. For the first time in human history, concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2 ), the primary global warming pollutant, hit 400 parts per million (ppm) in our planet’s atmosphere. IPCC has prepared a report on climate change, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems. Humanity will overshoot the Paris Climate Agreement’s 1.5°C ‘safe’ guardrail on average global temperature rise. The report suggests that if no significant policy changes are undertaken the world will be warm by 4 degrees Celsius, which is what scientists are nearly unanimously predicting will happen by the end of the century. Recently, during the G20 held in India a Global Biofuels Alliance (GBA), an India-led ‘field-to-fuel’ initiative to develop and deploy biofuels as a green pathway for energy transition, job creation and economic growth was initiated. Recent efforts have focused on the development of renewable alternatives to fossil fuels, and cellulosic biomass has great potential to contribute to the demand for liquid fuel. Algal biofuels are in the nascent stage of development. A review of the present situation shall be presented.
Author :
Ashwani Kumar : Alexander von Humboldt Fellow (Germany), Former Head of the Department of Botany and Biotechnology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.21
Price: 251
Pteris vittata L. In Vitro Morphogenesis: Unlocking the Potential for Phytoremediation Advancements
By: Ritu Jain
Page No : 199-202
Abstract
Pteris vittata L. has emerged as a prominent arsenic hyperaccumulator, holding immense potential for phytoremediation strategies aimed at mitigating arsenic contamination in the environment. in vitro culture of explants obtained from rhizome, crozier portion of juvenile leaf and fully expanded young leaf of Pteris vittata L on MS medium supplemented with different concentration of auxins and cytokinin of all combination studied. In Pteris vittata L. shoot is formed in 2, 4-D plus BAP and NAA plus BAP combinations. Through an in-depth examination of tissue culture techniques and growth regulator utilization in the context of Pteris vittata L., this paper aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse on sustainable and effective strategies for remediating arsenic-contaminated environments.
Author :
Ritu Jain : Associate Professor, Department of Botany, G. M. Momin Women’s College, Bhiwandi, Mumbai, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.22
Price: 251
Ceropegia Threatened and Less Known Genus of Rajasthan
By: Shikha Gupta , Amit Kotiya , Pooja Mangal , Yogita Solanki , Papita Choudhary
Page No : 203-215
Abstract
Ceropegia L. is a genus of tuberous plants and it belongs to family Apocynaceae that is comprised of 244 species worldwide. It is considered to be xerophytic because of its escape mechanism against the hot period by perennial tubers. Its tubers are edible and pharmacologically important mainly due to the presence of a pyridine alkaloid ‘Cerpegin’. Habitat destruction, over exploitation, anthropogenic activities and poor seed germination are major intimidations to the survival of this plant which have caused their decline in the wild and lead it to the endangered plant category list. This review provides comprehensive information on the distribution, taxonomy, phytochemistry, importance, IUCN status, and protocols for various in vitro regeneration approaches.
Authors :
Pooja Mangal, Yogita Solanki, Papita Choudhary, Shikha Gupta and Amit Kotiya : Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.23
Price: 251
Study on Quantitative Analysis of Two Important Medicinal Plants Gloriosa superba L. and Celastrus paniculatus Wild
By: Santosh Sharma
Page No : 217-223
Abstract
Both the evergreen climbing shrub Celastrus paniculatus Wild and the perennial plant Gloriosa superba L. are members of the family Colchicaceae and have substantial therapeutic significance. There is a species of Gloriosa superba L. that belongs to the family Colchicaceae. Both Ayurveda and Siddha, two ancient Indian medical practices, as well as Unani, place a significant emphasis on the importance of these two. The purpose of this study is to get a deeper understanding of the nootropic effects of C. paniculatus, in addition to its phytochemistry, traditional use, and other pharmacological properties. The species Gloriosa superba L. and Celastrus paniculatus Wild are great examples of the historical and contemporary pharmacological value of traditional medicinal herbs. Both of these species may be found in South America. More study is required since the medicinal uses of these plants are somewhat varied, and their phytochemical profiles are quite rich. The results of this research highlight the need of better integrating natural resources like these with contemporary medical practices.
Author :
Santosh Sharma : Assistant Professor, Rajesh Pilot Govt P.G. College, Lalsot, Rajasthan, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.24
Price: 251
Jan- to Apr-2023
Characterization, Screening and Application of Rhizobial Isolates on Black Gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] Productivity from the Rhizosphere Soil of DibruSaikhowa Biosphere Reserve (DSBR) Forest of Assam, India
By: Kumud Das , Apurba Saikia , Soneswar Sarma
Page No : 1-15
Abstract
An experiment was conducted with efficient Rhizobial isolates from the rhizosphere soil of Dibru-Saikhowa Biosphere Reserve (DSBR) forest of Assam, India in both laboratory and field condition with black gram. The purification, authentication, characterization and screening of efficient isolates viz. MDB1 (Microbial Diversity Bacteria), MDB9 , MDB11, MDB12 and MDB15 have been done in vitro experiment in Gibson’s tube and Leonard jars. Lone inoculation of these five isolates in black gram with prominent parameters like dry weight (g, plant-1) of shoot and root, chlorophyll content (mg, g-1fresh wt.), N & P content (g/plant) and yield (kg, ha-1) were recorded in field condition. Dry weight of nodule (51 g, plant-1), shoot (7.80 g, plant-1) and root (3.55 g, plant-1) was observed high in MDB11 inoculation while low (nodule= 34, shoot= 5.60 and root= 2.30 g, plant-1) in MDB15. The N & P content showed high (3.15 & 1.86 mg/plant in shoot and 1.69 & 1.06 mg/plant in root) in MDB11 inoculation comparison to others. Subsequently, the highest productivity (460.48 kg, ha-1) of the test crop observed in due application of MDB11 while lowest (365.32 kg, ha-1) in MDB15. In this piece of research work, we used all the above-mentioned Rhizobium isolates as PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) which were isolated from Dibru-Saikhowa Biosphere Reserve Forest of Assam.
This study thus underlines the potentials of the rhizobial isolates correspondence to the growth and development of black gram and submits this piece of work in original form for greater benefit of mankind in future.
Authors :
Kumud Das : Department of Botany, Nowgong College (Autonomous), Nagaon, Assam, India.
Apurba Saikia : P.G. Department of Life Sciences, D.R. College, Golaghat, Assam, India.
Soneswar Sarma : Department of Biotechnology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.1
Price: 251
Evaluation of Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Seed Germination Potential of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles from Bark Extract of Ailanthus excelsa Roxb
By: Sumita Nair , Neeraja Tutakne
Page No : 17-28
Abstract
Nanotechnology, an emerging scientific domain promises potential applications in varied sectors. Currently, research in nanotechnology focuses on the optimization of nanoparticle synthesis. Green synthesis of nanoparticles is an economic and non-toxic alternative to conventional methods. In the present study, aqueous bark extract of Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. was used for the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). UV-Visible Spectroscopy confirmed the presence of AgNPs with an absorption Surface Plasmon peak at 450nm. Biosynthesized AgNPs and bark extract were investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) for determining the functional groups in phytochemicals that act as reducing and capping agents in the synthesis process. High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) analysis denotes that AgNPs were predominantly spherical, with an average size of 18.84 ± 2.28nm. The bark extract was evaluated qualitatively by preliminary phytochemical screening. Antioxidant potential of biosynthesized AgNPs and bark extract were analyzed using the DPPH method in which biosynthesized AgNPs showed significant free radical scavenging potential. Antibacterial properties of biosynthesized AgNPs were analysed against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Biosynthesized AgNPs and bark extract were also checked for Germination Percentage, Germination Speed Index and Seedling Vigor Index on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Moong (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) seeds. The present study infers that Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. act as a potential source of green synthesis of AgNPs and may help to build a resilient system for its commercial applications in various fields.
Authors :
Sumita Nair and Neeraja Tutakne
Department of Botany, SIES College of Arts, Science and Commerce (Autonomous), Sion (W), Mumbai, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.2
Price: 251
Anthocyanins as Natural Plant-derived Antifungal Agents
By: Nirmalkar Vaishali , Ansari Shahana , Shaikh Asfiya , Momin Naziya
Page No : 29-38
Abstract
Anthocyanins are polyphenolic compounds found as natural pigments in various parts of plants that share the same diphenyl propane skeleton (C6 C3 C6 ) and are collectively known as flavonoids. They are water-soluble pigments responsible for the blue, purple, and red color of various plant parts and are particularly abundant in fruits, flowers, and vegetables. These pigments are natural colorants that are low to non-toxic. They also show antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, and food preservative properties. This study aims to perform in vitro analysis of the antifungal activity of anthocyanins extracted from different plant materials. Anthocyanins were extracted in acetone and acidified methanol. For qualitative determination of anthocyanins, thin layer chromatography was used whereas for quantitative determination pH differential method was used. The antifungal potential of anthocyanins was determined using the MIC and agar well diffusion methods against Penicillium sp. and Aspergillus sp. Acetone extract exhibited higher antifungal potential compared to acidified methanol extract against both fungal strains. It is suggested that anthocyanins, being strong antifungal agents, can be used to prevent fungal spoilage and deterioration of processed foods.
Authors :
Nirmalkar Vaishali, Ansari Shahana, Shaikh Asfiya and Momin Naziya
K.M.E Society’s G. M. Momin Women’s College, Bhiwandi, Maharashtra, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.3
Price: 251
Macrofungi in Some Areas of Borail Reserve Forest of Dima Hasao District, Assam
By: Mairingdi Jarambusa , Pradip Kumar Baruah
Page No : 39-48
Abstract
Macrofungi are ecologically resourceful group of organisms exists in every possible ecosystem. Borail Reserve Forest of Dima Hasao district, Assam is endowed with typical Sub tropical monsoon climate which provide adequate habitat for the growth and development of various types of vegetation as well as diverse species of macrofungi. The study attempts to assess the macrofungal diversity in certain areas of Borail Reserve Forest as it is yet to explore. The investigation was conducted in the year 2021 (June-December). Sampling was done using quadrat method each measuring 100×100m2 . During the survey, a total of 21 species belonging to 15 families were encountered and identified up to species level i.e. Auriculariaceae, Clavulinaceae, Psathyrellaceae, Fomitopsidaceae, Ganodermataceae, Agaricaceae, Lyophyllaceae, Marasmiaceae, Polyporaceae, Phallaceae, Pluteaceae, Schizophyllaceae, Stereaceae, Tremellaceae and Xylariaceae. It is found that 20 species belong to basidiomycota group and only 1 species belongs to ascomycota group. However, Marasmiaceae and Polyporaceae family are found to be the most dominant family of macrofungi in the region. The inference of the study revealed the diverse treasure of macrofungi of Borail Reserve Forest. The record of macrofungi of the study gives the baseline information for the biological diversity. The significance of macrofungi is not only to balance the ecosystem dynamics but also in human diet and beneficial impact to health, which increases the need for the conservation of this valuable resource.
Authors :
Mairingdi Jarambusa : Ph.D. Research Scholar, Department of Botany, University of Science and Technology, Meghalaya, India.
Pradip Kumar Baruah : Professor, Department of Botany, University of Science and Technology, Meghalaya, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.4
Price: 251
Isolation and Biochemical Characterization of Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Roots of Salvadora oleoides
By: Ritu Kumari , Neelam Poonar , Shweta Sharma , Anita Yadav , Sangeeta Kumari , Neetu Poonar
Page No : 49-56
Abstract
The reduction of plant diseases by the use of plant associated microbes is being increased nowadays. Microorganisms which are isolated from surface sterilized plant tissues and which have no negative impact on plant growth are called as endophytic microbes. In the present investigation, sampling of the Salvadora oleoides was done from 6 different sites of Rajasthan state. Endophytes associated with these plants were isolated and cultured. Then those were identified by biochemical and culture techniques. Results of our investigations confirmed the presence of Pseudomonas syringae in all the isolates.
Authors :
Ritu Kumari, Neelam Poonar, Shweta Sharma, Anita Yadav and Sangeeta Kumari
Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Neetu Poonar : Faculty of Science, G.D. Memorial College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.5
Price: 251
Sacred Groves: A Novice Idea for Carbon Sequestration
By: Alpesh Malsatar , PK Mehta
Page No : 57-66
Abstract
The daily anthropogenic advancements of humans have led to an increase in global carbon emissions. Every year, there has been an increase in the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide. One of the least expensive ways to minimize this gap is by biological carbon sequestration in plants. Ecosystems of forests are the most significant carbon sinks among terrestrial ecosystems and have long-term sustainable impacts on limiting climate change. Sacred groves are known as the small patches of conserved forests protected by man’s spiritual beliefs and cultural practices. These sacred forest patches were studied from the ecological, environmental and floristic point of view by several research workers. Due to their religious and mythological myths and beliefs, sacred groves and sacred plants are conserved well. Apart from being conserved, these sacred plants can also have a higher potential for carbon sequestration. The total biomass and carbon sequestrated in the Sacred tree species have been estimated using a non-destructive method. The main focus of the current article is on estimating the carbon sequestration of sacred tree species in sacred groves found in selected areas Abdasa Taluka of Kachchh District. Total 51 sacred groves were recorded from 33 villages which cover approximately 23.64 hectares of land area. Carbon sequestration of 537 individuals of 23 tree species was estimated through the standard method. Ficus benghalensis L. is dominated in carbon i.e., 7.36 tones followed by Tamarindus indica L. (5.77 tones), Ficus religiosa L. (5.22 tones), Delonix regia (Boj.) Raf (3.02 tonnes). Lowest carbon sequestration was recorded in Prosopsis cineraria (L.) Druce, Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile, Azadirachta indica A. Juss., Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub and Punica granetum L. less than 1 tonnes respectively.
Authors :
Alpesh Malsatar : Research Scholar, Department of Earth and Environmental Science, KSKV Kachchh University, Bhuj, Gujarat, India.
PK Mehta : Assistant Professor, Government Science College, Mandvi, Gujarat, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.6
Price: 251
Terrestrial Orchid Diversity in Sagara Taluk of Shimogga District Central Western Ghats Region of Karnataka
By: Soumya Mahabaleshwar Hegde , K Krishnaswamy
Page No : 67-74
Abstract
The current article evaluates the study of terrestrial orchids in Sagara taluk of Shimogga district, reports total 26 terrestrial orchid species in Sagara taluk region Shimogga district Karnataka from the period of January 2019-January 2022 and provides information on their distribution, phenology aspects and biological status in the district. Extensive field surveys were carried out periodically in different part of the taluk particularly in grasslands and hilly region to study the diversity and phenological character of the plant. It was noticed that, when compared to other species, the Habenaria species is richly distributed in Sagara taluk regions. During field visits also noticed some anthropogenic activities highly effects on the diversity of the terrestrial orchids. The further study has to be carried out to get more information related to diversity and current status of terrestrial orchid species in Sagara taluk region of Shimogga district Karnataka.
Authors :
Soumya Mahabaleshwar Hegde : Department of Applied Botany Kuvempu University, Jnanasahyadri, Shankaraghatta, Shimogga, Karnataka, India.
K Krishnaswamy : Department of Botany, Sahyadri Science College, Shimogga, Karnataka, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.7
Price: 251
Changes in Floral Diversity due to Livelihood Pressures in the Eco-sensitive Zone of Nongkhyllem Wildlife Sanctuary in Ri Bhoi District of Meghalaya
By: Thoudam James Singh , Subhasish Das Gupta
Page No : 75-82
Abstract
The challenges in the management of diverse flora impacted by anthropogenic factors in areas governed by different land tenure systems are enormous notwithstanding lying in a classified biodiversity hot spot region in Meghalaya in North- east India. The attributes of the plant population in protected areas like Nongkhyllem Wildlife Sanctuary (NWLS), Nongkhyllem Forest (NRF), and District Council governed Eco-sensitive zone (ESZ) were studied using Important Value Index (IVI), Shannon’s and Weiner Diversity Index and Sorenson’s similarity index. Shorea robusta C.F.Gaertn., Tectona grandis Linn. L.f., Schima wallichii (D.C.) Korth, had the highest IVI value of 64, 56, 42, etc. respectively, while the diversity index showed maximum values of 0.78 in recorded forest area and minimum of 0.60 under district council area. Similarity index ranged between 16.67 % and 39.22 %. The species richness and diversity in the recorded forest area was higher compared to the forest under the district council. In addition, tree girth and density of other species were determined. The study revealed that the cultivation of betel nut (Areca catechu L.), betel leaf (Piper betle L.), broom (Thysanolaena maxima Kuntze) and banana (Musa spp.) though for livelihood and income generation contributed to vegetation alteration in the district council forest area. Strict enforcement of ESZ laws & creating alternative livelihood opportunities can help minimize biodiversity loss.
Authors :
Thoudam James Singh and Subhasish Das Gupta
Department of Environment & Traditional Ecosystems, Martin Luther Christian University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.8
Price: 251
Curculigo Species: A Wide Spectrum Research Review
By: Pratibha Chaturvedi , Vinita Srivastava
Page No : 83-93
Abstract
Tropical regions of Asia, Africa, Australia, and the Americas are rich with Curculigo species belongs to family Hypoxidaceae. There are six species are reported of Curculigo, out of which, Curculigo orchioides (Gaertn.), is the most popular medicinally used species and commonly known as ‘kali musali’. Curculigo rhizome has been used for management for different ailments including for impotency, joint pain related problems, and diarrhoea in Chinese medicine and also used as a powerful immune-modulator with aphrodisiac property in the old traditional medical system. Present review covers the various aspects of Curculigo genus such as cultivation, phytochemical, pharmacognosy and biotechnological. After reviewing the medicinal value of Curculigo species, it can be concluded that the plant having tremendous potential for wide spectrum management of enormous diseases. The bioactive compound can be isolated and characterized for giving a model system for development of new drug hence this review will be useful for new drug discovery. The molecular aspect of the review will be helpful to identify the genuine plant material, which will be further used for development of novel herbal medicines. The illustration of Biotechnological approaches will be immensely applicable to develop new protocol for micro-propagation of this valuable and extinct plant species. The new and economically feasible technique for curculigoside extraction can be developed after knowing the basic knowledge of phytochemicals of this plant and will be given a source of entrepreneurship and empowerment of tribals. The developed technology for characterization and identification of bioactive principals of Curculigo species, will be useful for herbal based pharma industry, thus this review could be a mean to attain whole picture of Curculigo genus.
Authors :
Pratibha Chaturvedi : Consultant, Traditional medicine, Tribal Health Cell, Ministry of Tribal Affairs, New Delhi, India.
Vinita Srivastava : Advisor, Tribal Health Cell, Ministry of Tribal Affairs, New Delhi, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.9
Price: 251
Anatomy of Pedilanthus tithymaloides with Special Reference to Laticifers
By: Ashwani Kumar , Anshu Rani
Page No : 95-103
Abstract
Plant latex is a sap that is exuded from damaged vein. It is kept in a tissue specialized in exuding latex called laticifer and is kept inside laticifer cells. It works as an efficient defence system against herbivorous insects. Laticifer is a general term applied to a large and heterogenous group of cell types. In Pedilanthus tithymaloides the laticifers are an elongated; anastomosing network of cells which are non-articulated branched and are commonly located in the outer part of the vascular cylinder. Laticifers extend throughout the length of the plants.
Authors :
Anshu Rani : Professor, Department of Botany, SMCC Government College, Abu Road, Rajasthan, India.
Ashwani Kumar : Professor, Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.10
Price: 251
Variations in Pyrrosia heterophylla (L.) Price Accessions and Evidence for the Occurrence of a New Pyrrosia Species in Kerala, South India
By: Ashitha Alenson , Sruthy Krishnan G , Laija S Nair , Mahesh S
Page No : 105-113
Abstract
Pyrrosia belonging to Polypodiaceae, commonly known as felt ferns is characterized by its simple leaves and the presence of stellate hairs in the frond. Despite the great range of variability within the species, accessions of P. heterophylla (L.) Price from Kerala have not been extensively examined. The present study aims at the morpho-anatomical comparison of accessions. The samples were collected and variable characters such as habitats, shape, colour, thickness, width, length of sterile fronds, length, width and spore arrangement of fertile fronds, scales and the internal structure of the rhizome, stipe, and lamina of 20 accessions were examined and photographed using Carl Zeiss photomicroscope. Observations of the epidermis, including stomata and stellate hairs, were also made. Coded binary states of characters were used for developing a data matrix, which was further analysed. Cluster analysis using the UPGMA method were done from which a dendrogram was constructed which represents the taxonomic relationships among the species. In terms of the morphology and anatomy of the plant parts, three of the 20 accessions differed from P. heterophylla (L.) Price.
Authors :
Ashitha Alenson, Sruthy Krishnan and Laija S Nair
Postgraduate and Research Department of Botany, University College, Thiruvananthapuram, Affiliated to the University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
Mahesh S : Postgraduate and Research Department of Botany, Christian College, Kattakada, Thiruvananthapuram, Affiliated to the University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.11
Price: 251
Ethno-medicinal Survey on Herbaceous Plant Resources of Cachar District of Assam, India
By: Mukul Kumar Baruah
Page No : 115-125
Abstract
An ethno-medicinal survey was carried out to collect information and its documentation of the folk knowledge and diversity of uses of ethno-medicinal herbaceous plants from the tribal and rural inhabitants of the Cachar district of Assam during the period of 2018–2021. The area comprises of diverse medicinal herbs as well as diversity in ethnic groups and culture practices associated with plant diversity. The indigenous knowledge of folk medicinal herbs was collected from the field through personal communication with the inhabitants of the remote villages of the district and through repeated enquiries from local folk. In the present survey, a total of 112 species under 101 genera of herbaceous plants belongs to 60 families were collected, identified and documented. The study reveals that the ethnic and rural peoples of the survey area are depending on traditional medicinal plants for many of their primary health care. During the survey, it was found that due to anthropogenic activities (i.e., deforestation, construction of roads, urbanization and modernization, etc.) many of the important medicinal herbs used by the tribal and ethnic groups became rare, endangered and threatened. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the conservation and propagation activities of these ethno-medicinal herbs for future generations.
Author :
Mukul Kumar Baruah : Department of Botany, Cachar College, Silchar, Assam, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.12
Price: 251
Traditional Medicolore in Dhadgaon Tehsil of Nandurbar District (Maharashtra: India)
By: Dhale D. A.
Page No : 127-135
Abstract
The Dhadgaon tehsil is predominantly tribal area. The tehsil is studded with various tribes viz., Bhil, Pawara, Dhanaka, etc. They have their way of life, dialect and beliefs. Their mediclore is traditional. They have experimented by trials and errors to develop traditional plant knowledge, which they pass down verbally generations. Information on native medicinal uses was obtained through direct field interviews with traditional healers, elder tribal men and women, heads of villages and hamlets. The importance of plant-based medicines and the application of traditional knowledge, skills, customs, and practices related to primary healthcare among tribal and rural is presented in this report, which includes 50 plants pertain to 49 genera and 32 angiospermic families. Recipes such as fresh juice, decoction, infusion, paste, powder, oil, and other recipes are utilized. They employs, various plant parts such as roots, stems, bark, leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, and tubers, as well as latex.
Author :
Dhale D. A. : PG-Department of Botany, S.S.V.P.S.’s, L. K. Dr. P. R. Ghogrey Science College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.13
Price: 251
Comparative Pharmacognostic Screening of Tribulus terrestris and Tribulus subramanyamii
By: Dhale D. A. , Snehal N. Dhawale
Page No : 137-144
Abstract
The genus Tribulus belongs to the family Zygophyllaceae comprises approximately 25 species that grow as prostrate. This study will collect Tribulus terrestris L. and Tribulus subramanyamii P. Singh, G.S. Giri & V. Singh. and analyzed for their macroscopic, microscopic and phytochemical properties. Selected plant species were collected from three geographical locations in Maharashtra State, India. To confirm the quality and authenticity of plants, standard pharmacognostic procedures described in standard reference books were used to conduct a comparative analysis of Tribulus sps. The current study examines pharmacognostic studies on its numerous parts, such as the stem, leaf, flower and fruit. The study shows the presence of unicellular trichomes on leaf section are substantially less denser in T. subramanyamii than T. terrestris. In numerous tests for qualitative analysis of distinct Tribulus sps. phytochemical substances such as alkaloids, starch, carbohydrates, tannin, saponins, glycosides, phenol, flavonoids, and proteins were found to be present.
Authors :
D. A. Dhale : Post-Graduate, Department of Botany, SSVPS’s, L. K. Dr. P. R. Ghogrey Science College, Dhule (M.S.), India.
Snehal N. Dhawale : Department of Botany, Matoshri Subhadrabai Patil Arts, Science and Late Pandurang Thakare Commerce College, Manora, Dist. Washim (M.S), India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.14
Price: 251
Ethnomedicinal Assets of Patala (Stereospermum suaveolens Roxb. DC. and Stereospermum colais Buch. -Ham.ex Dillw.) - A Review
By: Vishwatej V. Parkhi , Swati P. Dabhi , Bhupesh R. Patel , Kalpesh B. Panara
Page No : 145-162
Abstract
From the family Bignoniaceae, Stereospermum suaveolens (Roxb.) DC. and Stereospermum colais (Buch.- Ham.ex Dillw.) are source plants for the classical ayurvedic drug named ‘Patala’. It is group member of ten plants known as ‘Dashmoola’. Present review encompasses all the ethnomedicinal information along with the domestic uses available regarding Patala. For this, published ethnomedicinal claims from 32 books related to ethnomedicine, 59 botanical and state floras available in central library of ITRA, Jamnagar and online (website of Botanical Survey of India) and 30 research articles were reviewed till August 2022. Collected data is depicted in tables under the headings like name and place of the reporting area/state and tribes, local names, useful part with indication and method, mode of application external or internal, etc. Stereospermum species are reported in approximately 19 states and 48 tribes of India. Its root-root bark, stem-stem bark, leaves, fruits and seeds are used in 46 disease conditions. Fever, hiccough, asthma, cough are some of its major therapeutic indications. Among the useful parts, root & root bark have maximum claims in 26 disease conditions. Stem & stem bark have 19 disease applications followed by leaves in 12, flowers in 10 and seeds in 3. Parts of Patala also have domestic uses in preparation of dye, drinks, furniture and as fuelwood. This attempt shows multidimensional qualities of Stereospermum species. Its ethnomedicinal claims coincides exactly with its indications in classical Ayurvedic texts and can be incorporated in pharmacological and clinical studies to further strengthen the evidence.
Author :
Vishwatej V. Parkhi : PhD Scholar, Department of Dravyaguna, ITRA, Jamnagar, India.
Swati P. Dabhi : PhD scholar, Department of Dravyaguna, ITRA, Jamnagar, Gujarat.
Bhupesh R. Patel : (MD, PhD Ayu.) Head, Departent of Dravyaguna, ITRA, Jamnagar, Gujarat
Kalpesh B. Panara : (MD, PhD Ayu.) Assistant professor, Department of Dravyaguna, ITRA, Jamnagar, Gujarat.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.15
Price: 251
Orchid Diversity in Community Managed Subtropical Forests in Khasi Hills of Meghalaya, Northeast India
By: Rajib Borah , Hiranjit Choudhury , Aabid Hussain Mir , Khrote-u Lasushe , Gunjana Chaudhury , Nellie V. Kharbuli , Krishna Upadhaya , Chaya Deori
Page No : 163-175
Abstract
The present study was carried out to investigate the orchid diversity in community managed subtropical broad-leaved forests in Khasi Hills of Meghalaya. A total of 87 community forests were surveyed in Khasi Hills. The study revealed the presence of 123 species belonging to 54 genera. The highest numbers of species (66) were recorded in sacred forests, followed by reserved (51) and village (32) forests. Majority of the recorded species (87) were epiphytic and 36 were terrestrial. Of all the species, 28 (22.76%) were recorded as endemic and 12 (9.76%) were rare. Dendrobium with 19 species was the dominant genera followed by Coelogyne with 11 species. Owing to a number of anthropogenic disturbances followed by habitat loss, these species are subjected to continuous threat, hence warrants immediate conservation actions. Therefore, it is suggested that mass propagation, through conventional and tissue culture techniques should be adopted to conserve the dwindling orchid diversity of the state.
Authors :
Aabid Hussain Mir, Khrote-u Lasushe and Gunjana Chaudhury
Department of Environmental Studies, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India.
Rajib Borah, Nellie V. Kharbuli, Krishna Upadhaya and Hiranjit Choudhury
Department of Basic Sciences and Social Sciences, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India.
Chaya Deori : Botanical Survey of India, Eastern Regional Centre, Shillong, Meghalaya, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.16
Price: 251
Phytochemical Analysis of Dried Moringa oleifera Leaf Powder
By: Sakshi Pathak , Bharti Jain
Page No : 177-184
Abstract
Moringa oleifera is a bio-diversified plant found in many countries of the world specifically tropical and subtropical areas. The leaves of M. oleifera are enormous source of various nutrients and bioactive compounds. These bioactive compounds are secondary metabolites called phytochemicals. The presence of phytochemicals in M. oleifera leaves contributes to its medicinal and therapeutic properties. The present study was carried out with the objective to analyse the content of certain phytochemicals i.e. total phenol content, flavonoids, tanins, saponins, and alkaloids in dried M. oleifera leaves. The analysis was done on the extract of four different dried M. oleifera leaf samples using appropriate methods. It was found that the average content of various phytochemicals in per 100 gm of all four samples was 4.70±0.64 mg of total phenol, 0.58±0.15 mg of flavonoids, 25.27±1.68 mg of alkaloids, 16.02±3.18 mg of saponins and 4.55±0.41 mg of tanins. The highest content was of alkaloids. The presence of these phytochemicals in dried M. oleifera leaves indicates that dried leaf powder of M. oleifera can be used for various pharmacological and medicinal purposes.
Authors :
Sakshi Pathak : Senior Research fellow, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Maharshi Dayanand Saraswati University, Ajmer, India.
Bharti Jain : Professor and Head, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Maharshi Dayanand Saraswati University, Ajmer, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.17
Price: 251
Evaluation of Adulteration, Caffeine Content, and Antioxidant Activity in Different Black Tea Brands
By: Babita Rana , Sakshi V Ghatge
Page No : 185-190
Abstract
Tea established as a refreshing stimulant beverage rich in caffeine, sugars, lipids, and aromatic substances demonstrates a wide variation in the quality depending on the type of brand. In this study, five different black tea market brand samples collected from the local market were evaluated for adulterants, caffeine content, and antioxidant activity. Based on the laboratory tests, artificial colors, azo colours, and sand was detected in 80% of tea samples. Caffeine content was determined by the chloroform method. The tea samples exhibited a wide range of antioxidant activity (3.29±1.03 to 15.96±1.2) assayed by the DPPH free radical scavenging method. These investigations could go a long way in promoting the production of quality foodstuff in the larger interest of consumers.
Authors :
Babita Rana and Sakshi V Ghatge
Department of Botany, G N Khalsa College, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.18
Price: 251
Evaluation of Peroxidases from Various Medicinal Plants
By: Gopa Sarma
Page No : 191-198
Abstract
Peroxidases is an enzyme which is used in various biotechnological techniques. They are found in all plants and utilize either H2 O2 or O2 to oxidise wide variety of molecules. Considering various important uses of peroxidase, the present study deals with the evaluation of peroxidase in few selected medicinal plants like; Clitoria ternate, Brassica oleracea and Physalis minima. Effect of pH and temperature on the kinetics of the enzyme was also studied.
Author :
Gopa Sarma : Department of Botany, Guru Nanak Khalsa College of Arts Science and Commerce, Mumbai, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.19
Price: 251
Correlation Between Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities of Different Leaf Extracts of Entada rheedi
By: Lekshmy R. Nair , M. Balasubrahmanian
Page No : 199-208
Abstract
The main aim of this study was to determine Total Phenolic Content, Total Flavonoid Content, terpenoid content, steroid content and analyze the antioxidant activity of different leaf extracts of Entada rheedii. Correlation between antioxidant activities and total phenolic content, total flavonoids content, terpenoid content and steroid content were also analyzed. The total phenolic content in E. rheedii hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and aqueous leaf extracts were found to be 10.16 mg GAE/g, 24.73 mg GAE/g, 26.11 mg GAE/g, and 24.85 mg GAE/g sample dry weight respectively. The Total flavonoid content of E. rheedii hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and aqueous leaf extracts was found to be 8.433 mg QE/g, 8.730 mg QE/g, 8.607 mg QE/g, and 8.545 mg QE/g respectively. Hexane extract showed the highest steroid content at 32.75 g/mL, followed by ethyl acetate extract at 31.37 g/mL. The methanol extract and aqueous extract had the lowest steroid content at 22.2 g/mL and 21.21 g/mL, respectively. Terpenoid content was the highest in hexane extract with 62 mg/100 mg of dry extract, followed by the ethyl acetate extract with 45 mg/100 mg dry extract. The total content of terpenoids in the methanol extract was 25 mg/100 mg dry extract and the total content of terpenoids was lowest in the aqueous extract with 18 mg/100 mg dry extract. In 1-1-diphenyl2-picryl hydrazine Free Radical Scavenging (DPPH) Assay, the methanol extract displayed the highest antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 173.581 µg/mL while the hexane extract showed the lowest activity; with IC50 value of 389.13 µg/mL. Reducing power assay was evaluated and aqueous extract was shown to possess the highest reducing power. Evaluation of total antioxidant capacity by phosphomolybdenum assay indicated that methanol extract had the highest antioxidant capacity. Significant correlations were also found between Total Phenol Content, Total flavonoid Content, and antioxidant activities of different leaf extracts of Entada rheedii.
Authors :
Lekshmy R. Nair : Department of Botany and Biotechnology, KVM College of Arts and Science, Kokkothamangalam, Cherthala, Alappuzha, Kerala, India.
M. Balasubrahmanian : Department of Biotechnology, Vivekanandha College of Arts and Sciences for Women (Autonomous) Tiruchengode, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.20
Price: 251
Free Radical Scavenging Activity and Phytochemical Screening of Trigonella foenum-graecum: A Study with Reference to Drug Discovery
By: Meesala Guru Sekhar , Kondeti Ramudu Shanmugam , Kanchi Siva Prasad
Page No : 209-214
Abstract
Trigonella foenum-graecum (TG) is one of the important medicinal plant which have antioxidant, antidiabetic, antilipidemic and antimicrobial properties. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the free radical scavenging properties, the total phenolic, total flavonoid content and phytochemical screening of Trigonella foenum-graecum. The antioxidant activities like 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl activity, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide and reducing power activities are investigated in the methanolic extract and aqueous extract of TG. Results of this study showed that TG possess good free radical scavenging activity in methanolic extract than aqueous extract. Significant levels of phenolic and flavonoid contents were found in TG. The phytochemicals like alkaloids, tannins, phenolic compounds etc. are present in methanolic extract and aqueous extract of TG. Our investigation indicates that free radical scavenging activities, phenolic and flavonoid compounds in TG may play an important role in reducing the oxidative stress in diseases like diabetes, cancer and heart attack.
Authors :
Meesala Guru Sekhar : Department of Zoology, Government Degree College, Cumbum, Prakasam District, A.P, India.
Kondeti Ramudu Shanmugam : Department of Zoology, PRR & VS Government Degree College, Vidavalur, SPSR Nellore District, A.P, India.
Kanchi Siva Prasad : Department of Zoology, Government Degree College, Gudur, SPSR Nellore District, A.P, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.21
Price: 251
Foliar Sprays of Salicylic Acid Induce Diosgenin Synthesis in The Leaves of Hellenia Speciosa (J. Koenig) S.R. Dutta
By: Aswindas T.P , Satheesh George
Page No : 215-223
Abstract
hellenia speciosa (J. Koenig) s.r. dutta, commonly known as spiral ginger, is a potent medicinal plant in the family Costaceae. it has a wide range of applications in traditional and modern medicine with many active ingredients. diosgenin is a steroidal sapogenin obtained from h. speciosa. it is commercially used as an important raw material for the synthesis of steroidal drugs. Foliar sprays of salicylic acid (sa) were used to study the induction of diosgenin synthesis in the leaves of h. speciosa. three different concentrations, 1mM, 5mM, and 9mM, were applied on plants grown in shade net houses. after 60 days of weekly sa application, plants were harvested along with rhizome, dried, and extracted in methanol using the soxhlet apparatus. acid hydrolysis was performed to obtain diosgenin in the extract. the highPressure thin layer Chromatography (hPtlC) technique was used to detect the presence of diosgenin in the methanolic extract of leaves. elicitation of diosgenin synthesis was evident in all three extracts obtained from salicylic acid-treated plants. diosgenin was obtained at an rf maximum of 0.58-0.59. the amount of diosgenin was quantified with chromatographic techniques. the maximum quantity of diosgenin was present in the extract treated with 9mM sa. this experiment highlights the effect of stress signals on selected secondary metabolites.
Authors :
Aswindas T.P and Satheesh George
Research Fellow, Department of Botany, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Affiliated to the University of Calicut, Devagiri Calicut, Kerala, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.22
Price: 251
Preliminary Phytochemical Screening, Quantification of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Potential of Achyranthes aspera L. Leaf Powder
By: Poornima Harikatha , Lakshmi Devi Kodidhela , Jaykumar J. Chavan
Page No : 225-231
Abstract
Plant extracts have been used since ages for the treatment of various ailments in India and their market is growing globally as well. Achyranthes aspera is one such promising plant with known medicinal properties. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening is necessary to evaluate the therapeutic and antioxidant properties of the medicinal plants. In the present study, we evaluated the bioactive chemical constituents and their in vitro antioxidant potential of A. aspera leaf extract in different solvents. The soxhlets of A. aspera leaf powder in different solvents – methanol, ethanol, aqueous and chloroform on phytochemical screening showed positive results for carbohydrates, phenols, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, cardiac glycosides and steroids. Alkaloids and terpenoids are present in all the extracts except in chloroform extract. Total contents phenols (22.282 gm/100 gm) were found higher as compared to total contents of flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids. Moreover, all antioxidant assays confirmed the antioxidant potential of leaves of A. aspera. Thus, A. aspera is rich in phytochemicals that are needed for its antioxidant potential against various disorders.
Authors :
Poornima Harikatha and Lakshmi Devi Kodidhela
Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Jaykumar J. Chavan
Department of Botany, Yashavantrao Chavan Institute of Science, Satara, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.23
Price: 251
Analysis and Characterization of Phytochemical Compounds Present in Methanolic Extract of Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser Bark
By: Swati Shikha , Anil Kumar
Page No : 233-237
Abstract
Plants have been used as medicines throughout history due to the presence of therapeutic and healing properties. These medicinal properties of plants lies in phytochemicals present in them. Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser is commonly found ethnomedicinal tree in India and is well known for its therapeutic properties. The present study reports the phytochemical investigation of bark of Neolamarckia cadamba. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is used for the identification and analysis of phytochemicals compounds. Twenty-three major phytochemical compounds were identified in methanolic extract of bark of Neolamarckia cadamba. Some of those were Tetradecanoic acid, n-Hexadecanoic acid, gamma-Sitosterol, Hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester, Octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester, Oleic Acid, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)- and 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural while others were present in comparatively small amount. Identified phytochemicals reported to have numerous pharmacological activities like antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancerous, antioxidant, anti-hepatotoxic and anti-parasitic. These biological activities show and acknowledge Neolamarckia cadamba as a medicinally important tree.
Authors :
Swati Shikha : Research scholar, University Department of Botany, Ranchi University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
Anil Kumar : Associate Professor, University Department of Botany, Ranchi University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.24
Price: 251
Effects of Urea Coated Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles on Enzymatic and Nonenzymatic Antioxidants on Varieties of Brassica juncea L.
By: Alka Walia , Dheera Sanadhya
Page No : 239-248
Abstract
In the present investigation, urea coated hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (UHANPs) were synthesized, and characterized by using X-ray diffraction, FESEM, and FTIR techniques. Then, their effects at different concentrations (250 ppm, 500 ppm, 750 ppm, 1000 ppm) were observed for various enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants of two varieties of Brassica juncea L. i.e. GIRIRAJ, and NRCBH101. Those were also weighup with control plants and plants grown in treatments with the same concentrations of urea. Results revealed that synthesized nanoparticles were 23-32 nm in size, and for all the parameters, the antioxidants like NPT, Polychelatins were found to the higher at treatment with 1000 ppm of Urea when compared to others while minimum concentration of these with UHANP (500 ppm). However, SOD increases with higher concentration of UHANPs and urea while other enzymatic antioxidants like APX and catalase declines. However, SOD declined with higher concentration of urea. All the results were statistically compared.
Authors :
Alka Walia and Dheera Sanadhya
School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.25
Price: 251
Citrus Fruit Peels: From Waste to Worth
By: Nidhi Parmar , V. H.Patel , Viraj Roghelia
Page No : 249-256
Abstract
Citrus fruits are most commonly consumed fruits. However, the peels of these fruits yield a huge waste. The peels also contain important phytoconstituents. This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant properties of peels of two selected citrus fruits (sweet lime and lemon). The peels were extracted using four solvents namely methanol, ethanol, acetone and distilled water. The extracts were analysed for total phenolic content, flavonoid content, DPPH radical scavenging activity and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The result revealed that highest antioxidant profile was found for methanol extract of both sweet lime peel and lemon peel as compared to other extracts. The extracts of peels of sweet lime possessed higher total phenol, flavonoid and FRAP. The antioxidant capacity in terms of DPPH RSA and FRAP were attributed mainly to total phenolics as compared to flavonoids for both the peels. The higher antioxidant potential of peels of selected citrus fruits make them key ingredient for the development of functional foods and other supplementary products.
Authors :
Nidhi Parmar, V. H.Patel and Viraj Roghelia
P. G. Department of Home Science, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.26
Price: 251
Phytotoxic Effect of Heavy Metals on Growth Parameters of Mung Bean Seeds (Vigna radiata)
By: Asha Rani
Page No : 257-269
Abstract
In this investigation, effect of heavy metals present in city waste water on mung bean seeds was studied. The effluent significantly inhibited the germination, shoot and root length. The increase concentration of different heavy metals present in city waste water reduces the germination percentage, shoot length and root length of the seedlings. Reduction in all these parameters affects the other observed biochemical parameters i.e. chlorophyll content and nitrogen content.
Author :
Asha Rani
Associate Professor, P.G. Department of Botany, Bareilly College, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.27
Price: 251
Semi-automatic Vegetable Transplanters: A Review
By: Sandip M. Nage , S. M. Mathur , S. S. Meena , Naveen Kumar C , Virendra Singh , Sunil Joshi
Page No : 271-284
Abstract
The objective of this study was to review the research and development in semi-automatic vegetable transplanters. Discuss the various semi-automatic vegetable transplanters on the basis of metering mechanism, power source, plant spacing, number of rows, field capacity, field efficiency, etc. On the basis of review, it is observed that the transplanting rate, field capacity and field efficiency is better than handheld and traditional method of vegetable transplanting. It maintains the row to row and plant to plant distance and planting depth which helps in after transplanting mechanical practices on the farm. It is effective to increase the production as well as quality of the produce. Also, it saves a lot of time and money.
Authors :
Sandip M. Nage, S. M. Mathur and S. S. Meena
Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, College of Technology and Engineering, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur (Rajasthan), India.
Virendra Singh : Department of Horticulture, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur (Rajasthan), India.
Sunil Joshi : , Department of Electronics, College of Technology and Engineering, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur (Rajasthan), India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.01.28
Price: 251
May- to Aug-2023
Honoring Dinesh Chandra Uprety (1945-2023): A Great Teacher, An Outstanding Scientist, and A Wonderful Human Being
By: Sudhir K. Guru , Pallavi Saxena , Leena Borah , Vijay Paul , Rakesh Pandey , Govindjee Govindjee
Page No : 1-13
Abstract
We honor here Dinesh Chandra Uprety (1945-2023), one of the most remarkable plant scientists of India, who devoted most of his life in solving the question of how best to tune the crop plants so that they can serve the growing human population in this world. We have provided here a glimpse of his personal life as well as his remarkable scientific contributions. Also, we provide here reminiscences by a few who had the privilege of knowing him closely. We miss Dinesh Uprety not only for his highly important research for the benefit of us all- but for his friendship to us all. He was a wonderful friend to us, extremely polite and gem of a human being. He was scientist par excellence.
Authors :
Sudhir K. Guru : Department of Plant Physiology, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India.
Pallavi Saxena : Department of Environmental Sciences, Hindu College, University of Delhi, India
Leena Borah : Department of Environmental Biology and Wildlife Sciences, Cotton University, Guwahati, Assam, India.
Vijay Paul and Rakesh Pandey : Department of Environmental Biology and Wildlife Sciences, Cotton University, Guwahati, Assam, India.
Govindjee Govindjee : Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.1
Price: 251
Reminiscences of Manmohan Manohar Laloraya: A Great Friend to Many, and A Visionary Leader
By: Govindjee Govindjee , Durga Prasad Tiwari , Raghuveer Raj Prasad , Harbans Kaur Kehri , Aishwarya Narain , Daya Prakash Sinha , Sushma Naithani
Page No : 15-30
Abstract
Dr. Manmohan Manohar Laloraya (September 1, 1932- February 18, 2023) was an outstanding teacher, researcher and administrator who mentored many scholars who themselves became leaders. He was gifted with a brilliant mind and unique research career, working with both plants and animals. He had received numerous awards and honours in his lifetime including the distinguished plant physiologist award in 1995, and being the Fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, India. We present below his brief biography, which is followed by his extraordinary research contributions on both plants and animals. We end this “In memoriam” with personal reminiscences of some of his class fellows, research collaborators, and life-long friends, and a 1958 group photograph with many at a conference.
Authors :
Govindjee Govindjee : Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
Durga Prasad Tiwari : Department of Botany, Government Science College, Jabalpur, MP, India
Raghuveer Raj Prasad : Pacific Forest Research Centre, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
Harbans Kaur Kehri : Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, UP, India
Aishwarya Narain : I-204, Sector-1, SunCity, S. P. Ring Road, South Bopal, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
Daya Prakash Sinha : B-255, Sector 26, Noida, UP, India
Sushma Naithani : Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.2
Price: 251
Invitro and Mass Multiplication of Cymbidium mastersii an Ornamental Orchid through Protocorm-like Body Formation
By: A. Kavitha , A. Rajani
Page No : 31-38
Abstract
The epiphytic orchid species known as Cymbidium mastersii can only be found in the region of India known as Northeast India. The preservation of wild populations faces a significant obstacle in the form of a significant threat when it comes to the necessity of obtaining an additional source of the material required to fulfil commercial demands. The objective of this research was to build an in vitro system for the bulk multiplication of C. mastersii, and it was successful in that endeavour. This required the capacity to control the growth of the seedlings through the development of the primary protocorm and germination from a limited number of fruit capsules. Also necessary was the ability to limit the amount of fruit capsules that could be used. Each protocorm resulted in the production of a number of robust plantlings that, once they had been separated from their mother plant, flourished in the conditions of the greenhouse. The child plants, in terms of both their size and the development they underwent, were genetically identical to their parent plant. The streamlined process will make it possible to cultivate Cymbidium mastersii for use in the commercial sector, which will reduce the negative influence on remaining viable wild populations. We offer here for the very first time a method of producing C. mastersii on a commercial scale that makes use of bioreactor technology.
Authors :
A. Kavitha and A. Rajani
Department of Botany and Food & Nutrition, RBVRR Women’s College, Narayanaguda, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.3
Price: 251
An Ethnobotanical Study of Important Woody Medicinal Plants of Jalaun District of Bundelkhand Region
By: Ajay Kumar , R. K. Verma
Page No : 39-48
Abstract
The present investigation deals with the folk knowledge of important woody medicinal plants species that are used by the rural folks of the five sites of Jalaun district of Bundelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh, India for the management of different kinds of ailments, found in these sites. The majority of the common vegetation in the Jalaun district is represented by tropical dry deciduous forest and scrub thorn forest. The ethnobotanical investigation revealed 51 woody plant species belonging to 46 genera and 31 families. In this investigation Caesalpiniaceae (5 sp.) was the dominant family followed by Mimosaceae, Moraceae (4 sp. each), Apocynaceae, Boraginaceae and Fabaceae (3 sp. each). Acacia catechu, Acacia nilotica, Azadirachta indica, Albizia lebbeck, Bauhinia variegata, Calotropis gigantea, Terminalia arjuna, Aegle marmelos, Justicia adhatoda, Ziziphus mauritiana and Dalbergia sissoo were the most common plant species in the district. The investigation reveals that there is not any involvement of younger generation in this research so such knowledge is at the risk of disappearance in the future.
Authors :
Ajay Kumar and R. K. Verma
Department of Botany, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.4
Price: 251
Cyathodium denticulatum (Cyathodiaceae; Marchantiophyta): A Rare Species New to Bryoflora of Jharkhand, India
By: SK. Rasidul Islam , Amal Kumar Mondal , Devendra Singh
Page No : 49-54
Abstract
Cyathodim denticulatum Udar & S.C.Srivast. has been discovered for the first time from Jharkhand, earlier recorded from the Eastern Himalaya (Darjeeling) and Central India (Chhattisgarh) only. A detailed taxonomic description along with illustration, ultrastructure of spores and elaters are provided herewith.
Authors :
SK. Rasidul Islam and Amal Kumar Mondal : Plant Taxonomy, Biosystematics and Molecular Taxonomy Laboratory, UGC-DRS-SAP & DBT-BOOST WB Supported Department, Department of Botany & Forestry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India.
Devendra Singh : Botanical Survey of India, AJC Bose Indian Botanic Garden, Howrah, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.5
Price: 251
Barium Promoted Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Higher Plants in Solution Culture
By: Lokesh Kumar Choudhary , A. Kumar
Page No : 55-62
Abstract
The effects of various concentrations of barium (Ba) on seed germination and early seedling growth of wheat and mung bean were studied. Ba influenced the seedling growth of wheat and mung bean in similar fashion. Ba enhanced the germination relative index at lower concentration (upto 10 μg ml-1). The relative yield of biomass increased at lower doses of Ba and decreased at higher concentration (>100 μg ml-1). Lower applied doses of Ba showed a maximum index of tolerance while higher applied doses of metal showed a toxic effect on plant growth. The toxic effect of barium on mung bean was more marked than on wheat.
Authors :
Lokesh Kumar Choudhary and A. Kumar
Stress Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan. Jaipur, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.6
Price: 251
Unravelling the Mode of Action of Wound Healing Efficiency with the Compounds Screened from Hygrophila auriculata by Molecular Docking Studies
By: Deepika E , Santhy KS
Page No : 63-76
Abstract
Hygrophila auriculata is one of the traditional herbal plants utilized by many rural folks to heal wounds. According to the traditional knowledge, the roots of the plant would be highly effective for wound healing. The plant-based secondary metabolites remain an essential aspect in developing novel drug candidates. The early screening of bioactive compounds for a therapeutic property would be strongly evidenced to carry out the in vitro and in vivo studies. The current study focuses on screening bioactive compounds involved in wound healing using in silico molecular docking studies. The LCMS analysis of H. auriculata yielded about 15 compounds in positive and negative modes with the greatest medicinal properties. The drug-likeness, physicochemical properties, and bioactivity scores were evaluated for 15 compounds using SWISS ADME online tool. The compounds that indicate drug like properties and adhere to the permissible parameters are epiafzelechin, betulin, caffeic acid 3-glucoside, quercetin, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, chlorogenic acid, myristic acid, and 5, P coumaroyl quinic acid implying to be a cell-permeable and orally active drug. The bioactivity scores indicated that the compounds to be highly active. The binding affinities were checked with the wound pathogenic proteins such as Elastase, Glycogen synthase kinase-3β, gelatinase, and collagenase. The compounds that fall within the drug-likeness limit were further evaluated for ADMET properties and predicted that majority compounds are nontoxic and easily absorbed. The docking score ranged from -1.56 kcal/mol to -9.65 kcal/mol which exhibited the strongest binding affinity. The effective binding of compounds like epiafzelechin, betulin, kaempferol-7-O-Glucoside, linoleic acid, chlorogenic acid, and quercetin with these proteins provides evidence for further research to elucidate the underlying mechanism that promotes wound healing of Hygrophila auriculata root.
Authors :
Deepika E and Santhy KS : Department of Zoology, School of Biosciences, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.7
Price: 251
Biochemical Changes due to Pathogenesis in French beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Infected by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn
By: Nikita Deka , Rajashree Bordoloi , Dipanjali Devi , Phatik Tamuli
Page No : 77-81
Abstract
French Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) belongs to the family Fabaceae and is native to South America. French bean has evolved from wild growing vine distributed in the high lands of Middle America and Andes. This important legume crop is grown for its dry grain and tender pods in North-Western India. This offseason crop can be successfully raised under Punjab conditions during winter season which fetches higher price in the market and economical to the farmers when there is no availability of green pods from high altitude. It is widely cultivated in tropics, sub-tropics and temperate regions. When bean plant infected by fungal, bacterial or any other pathogen, different alternations are observed. The present study was carried out in the department of Botany, Darrang college to compare the biochemical changes occurring in bean plants growing in normal soil, and sterilized soil mixed with fungus Rhizoctonia solani.
Authors :
Nikita Deka, Rajashree Bordoloi and Dipanjali Devi : PG Department of Botany, Darrang College, Tezpur, Assam, India
Phatik Tamuli : Lanka Mahavidyalaya, Hojai, Assam, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.8
Price: 251
Hepatoprotective Plants used in Ayurveda System- A Review
By: Jyothi S.T , Niranjan M.H
Page No : 83-91
Abstract
Liver is an essential organ of our body. Bile secretion, detoxification, metabolism of fat and carbohydrates, storage of proteins, vitamins, iron and glycogen are the vital functions of the liver. Liver involves the biochemical pathways like supply of nutrients, growth, reproduction and production of energy. Liver injury is caused by certain antibiotics, carbontetrachloride, chemotherapeutic agents, thioacetamide, chronic alcohol consumption, antitubercular drugs, autoimmune diseases and microbes. Corticosteroid and immunosuppressive agents are used as drugs but they have adverse effects. Though these are developments in allopathy, there is no effective medicine that enhances hepatic function and protects liver. In Ayurveda system, plant materials have been used to protect liver injuries. Herbal medicines have gained popularity because they are easily available, safe, efficient and cost effective. The current research work laid down avenues to the production of novel herbal medicines for jaundice and reports the work on Ayurveda plants that have been proved and tested in hepatotoxicity.
Authors :
Jyothi S.T : Research Scholar,Department of Studies in Biotechnology, Shivagangotri, Davangere University, Davangere
Niranjan M.H : Associate Professor, Department of Studies in Biotechnology, Shivagangotri, Davangere University, Davangere.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.9
Price: 251
Effect of Various Solvents Extraction on the Antioxidant and Aldose Reductase Inhibition Activities of the Tamarind Leaves (Tamarindus indica L.)
By: V. H.Patel , Khushbu Dalwadi
Page No : 93-99
Abstract
Diabetes and its complications are major causes of illness and death all over the world. Present study aimed to evaluate the effect of varying polarity solvents on the extraction of tamarind leaves antioxidant polyphenols and in vitro aldose reductase inhibition. In all the extracts, total phenol, total flavonoids, antioxidant activities, and in vitro aldose reductase inhibition activity were measured. Distilled water extract had the highest phenolic content, flavonoid content, DPPH-RSA, ABTS-RSA, and aldose reductase inhibition among all the extracts while the aqueous methanol extract showed the highest FRAP value among all the extracts. A positive Pearson’s correlation existed between total polyphenol content and antioxidant activities. Significant Pearson’s correlation was found between aldose reductase and polyphenol compounds. Overall, distilled water was the most effective solvent for polyphenol extraction and had the highest aldose reductase inhibition of all the tamarind leaves solvents. Thus, tamarind leaves can be used as nutraceuticals to show beneficial effects to minimize diabetic secondary complications.
Authors :
Khushbu Dalwadi and V.H. Patel : Laboratory of Foods and Nutrition, P. G. Department of Home Science, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidhyanagar, Gujarat, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.10
Price: 251
Ethno-medicinally Important Plants Utilized in Therapeutic Remedies on Various Ailments Found in Different Tribes of Dadra and Nagar Haveli (UT), India
By: Dhale D. A. , Vijaykumar P. Patil , Mayuri C. Rathod
Page No : 101-112
Abstract
The forest areas in Union territories of Dadra and Nagar Haveli (U.T.’s of DNH) has a wide variety of flora available, which contains several medicinal values known to the local tribes. Hence, it was thought of interest to survey the area for such plants and study their therapeutic values. An ethnomedicinal survey at a different remote area among the local communities of forest was carried out and details of the plants used in the folk medicine in Dadra and Nagar Haveli is presented in this work. Ethnobotanical surveys were made frequently for few years in favorable seasons of plants. Plants were identified by experts or by using established Flora. Details tabulated enumeration of 29 Genera with 30 Species belonging to 19 Angiosperm families have been studied. The verbal data of medicinal practices by tribals during survey has been gathered to record the plants being used traditionally by tribes to treat common human ailments such as common cold, fever, headache, hair and cutaneous eruptions, dental problems, complications in digestive, respiratory, circulatory, excretory, nervous, orthopedic and venomous bites, etc. The information on ethnomedicinal uses of plants has been presented with their scientific names, habits, local name with site, present status, plant parts used in treatment with suitable methods. The plants with ethnobotanical value identified in this study needs immediate conservation, plantation and rearing of endangered species at their natural habitats or also farming to local level.
Authors :
Vijaykumar P. Patil : Department of Botany, M. G. Science Institute, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
Dhale D. A. : Department of Botany, S.S.V.P.S.’s, L. K. Dr. P. R. Ghogrey Science College, Dhule, India
Mayuri C. Rathod : Bio-technology Department, Veer Narmad South Gujrat University, Udhna-magdalla road, Surat, Gujarat, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.11
Price: 251
Morphological Diversity of an Underutilized and Wild Edible Fruit (Cordia) Species in Three Districts of Bastar Region of Chhattisgarh, India
By: Sharad Nema , Neeta Dandsena
Page No : 113-122
Abstract
The multipurpose deciduous tree Cordia dichotoma belongs to the family Boraginaceae and it is variously called as Glueberry, Goonda, Lasora and locally as ‘Bohaar’ in Bastar (Chhattisgarh). The diversity in morphological traits in Cordia species were marked and identified at different locations of three districts of Bastar region to assess phenotypic morphological variation and to estimate genotypic and phenotypic variability for various morphological traits of fruits for future use. The quantitative traits like fruit weight, length, and diameter are important quality traits in many horticultural crops are used in genetic diversity studies. The underutilized fruits are advantageous crops being hardy in nature and tolerate extreme climatic conditions and possess high potential to provide nutritional and social benefits. The present investigation is performed for the identification, morphological analysis and diversity exploration with respect to food value of underutilized and wild edible fruit Cordia dichotoma found in the Bastar region of Chhattisgarh. A Total of ten numbers of representative trees of Cordia species from each district were selected for morphological and silvicultural studies. It is found that genotype of Cordia has morphological variations in the region. Two species of Cordia i.e., Cordia obliqua and Cordia dichotoma were taken for the study. This study revealed that source/provenance Jagdalpur and Dantewada had Cordia species with better fruit size than district Kondagaon source, also morphological variations of Cordia species in different sources or provenance with respect to fruit fresh weight, pulp weight, peel weight, pulp and peel ratio revealed that Cordia dichotoma G. Forst has better fruit size and pulp percentage.
Authors :
Neeta Dandsena and Sharad Nema : School of Studies (Forestry and Wildlife), Shaheed Mahendra Karma Vishwavidyalaya, Bastar, Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.12
Price: 251
Comparative Floristic Analysis of Angiosperms of Bundi District– A Part of Haroti Plateau (Rajasthan)
By: O. P. Sharma
Page No : 123-131
Abstract
Plant diversity plays an important role in the life of human beings, by way of providing many valuables produces. They help in maintaining the biodiversity in an ecosystem. Abundant species diversity is essential for wealth of natural ecosystems and environment of the area. The present paper highlights comprehensive data on the current status of angiosperms diversity of Bundi district. The flora of Bundi comprises 629 species of angiosperms belonging to 381 genera under 104 families. The area shows much diversity of geographical forms and ecosystem ranges. This district is rich in scenic beauty and biodiversity. The ten dominant families of the area have been compared with those of adjacent areas as well as Upper-gangetic plain, North Gujrat and Delhi. The present work provides comparative analysis among angiosperms families, genera and species.
Author :
O. P. Sharma : Professor, Head Department of Botany, Government College, Bundi, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.13
Price: 251
Effect of FYM, Phosphorus and PSB on Growth and Productivity of Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] as Influenced by Different Levels of FYM, Phosphorus and PSB
By: Devendra Jain , Prahlad Ram Raiger , Ram Hari Meena , Hanuman Prasad Parewa , Ummed Singh , Gajanand Jat , Laxmi Narayan Mahawer , Subhash Chand Meena , Azad Mordia , Uma Nath Shukla
Page No : 133-139
Abstract
Nutrient management has been a major constraint in mungbean cultivation, resulting in huge economic losses to farmers. Field experiments for two consecutive years were conducted at Instructional Farm of College of Agriculture, Jodhpur to evaluate the effects of different levels of Farm Yard Manure (FYM), phosphorus and bio-inoculants on growth and yield performance of mungbean during 2019 and 2020. The results revealed that application of FYM @5 t ha-1 significantly enhanced plant height, dry matter accumulation, seed and stover yield as compared to without application of FYM. Meanwhile, aggregate levels of phosphorus up to 100% resulted significantly increased in all growth parameters, seed and stover yield as compared to control. Similarly, significant enhancement in growth parameters, seed and stover yields was observed with seed inoculation either with Enterobacter cloacae or Bacillus amyloliquefaciens over no-inoculation during 2019 and 2020, respectively.
Authors :
Prahlad Ram Raiger,Gajanand Jat , Subhash Chand Meena and Ram Hari Meena : Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Rajasthan College of Agriculture (MPUAT), Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Uma Nath Shukla : College of Agriculture, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
Hanuman Prasad Parewa : College of Agriculture, Sumerpur, Pali, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
Ummed Singh : College of Agriculture, Baytu, Barmer, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
Devendra Jain : Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture (MPUAT), Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Laxmi Narayan Mahawer : Department of Horticulture, Rajasthan College of Agriculture (MPUAT), Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Azad Mordia : Department of Statistics, Rajasthan College of Agriculture (MPUAT), Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.14
Price: 251
Analysis of Genetic Diversity among Populations of an Endangered Medicinal Plant Commiphora wightii (Arn.) Bhandari (Guggul) using Molecular Markers
By: Priyanka Vyas , Sunil K Jaiswal , Vinod Joshi , Bennet Angel , Annet Angel , Uzma Manzoor , Amarjeet Yadav , Ramesh Joshi
Page No : 141-152
Abstract
Commiphora wightii has massive economic value and a wide array of medicinal uses in both ancient and modern therapeutics. It has been observed that the number of C. wightii populations in Rajasthan are declining substantially because of anthropogenic activities in the form of over-exploitation for resin and fuel. Very limited molecular studies have been reported on the molecular characterization of Commiphora wightii at national and international level. The present investigation aims to assess the genetic diversity within and among different populations to determine the relationship of genetic variability with geographical distribution of Rajasthan and to offer genetic resource information for future meaningful implementation of conservation programs applicable for C. wightii. The present study comprised of 11 RAPD markers generated 37 loci of which two were polymorphic with an average 4.85% DNA polymorphism. The maximum polymorphism (33.33%) was detected for OPU-8 marker. Similarly, 9 ISSR markers generated 47 loci of which 10 were polymorphic with an average 22.11% DNA polymorphism. The maximum polymorphism (33.33%) was observed for ISSR marker 811P, 814P and UBC857. Jaccard’s similarity coefficient varied from 0.55-1.00 among the populations of Commiphora wightii using all the ISSR marker, while it ranges 0.20-0.95 for RAPD markers. The row dendrogram constructed using unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages or UPGMA with a SAHN module of the NTSYS software which showed a phenetic representation of genetic relationships as revealed by the similarity coefficient for all the ISSR and RAPD profiles.
Authors :
Priyanka Vyas : Mahila PG Mahavidyalaya, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
Sunil K Jaiswal, Amarjeet Yadav and Ramesh Joshi : School of Agricultural Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, UP, India
Vinod Joshi, Bennet Angel and Annet Angel : School of Basic Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, UP, India
Uzma Manzoor : School of Agriculture, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, UP, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.15
Price: 251
Natural Gum and Resin Bearing Plant Taxa in Telangana, India: A Qualitative Method of Data Collection
By: Omkar Kanneboyena , Sateesh Suthari , M. Tarakeswara Naidu , E. Kiran , Avire Ramana Rao , Sreeramulu Nallella
Page No : 153-166
Abstract
Natural resins, gums (NRGs) are the most extensively used and traded non-timber forest products (NTFPs) other than directly consumed products. The present field-based study reports the natural gum, resin and gum-resin yielding plants and the specific parts from which the products extract from plants by local people in Telangana, India. The result of the present report reveals ninety plant taxa belong to 63 genera and 23 families that predominated by Fabaceae with 36 plant taxa, followed by Malvaceae (12 spp.), Combretaceae, Anacardiaceae and Rubiaceae (5 spp. each), Arecaceae (Palmae) (4 spp.), and about thirteen families with single species each. Telangana is one of the most important contributors and collectors of NRGs from Firmiana simplex, Anogeissus latifolia, Cochlospermum religiosum and Boswellia serrata in India to generate maximum commerce. The present study outcome can be used by policy makers, scientific community, forest authorities and local people for bio-discovery of plant-based gums and resins sustainably.
Authors :
Sateesh Suthari : Centre for Floristic & Ethnobotanical Studies, Department of Botany, Vaagdevi Degree & PG College, Hanamkonda, Telangana, India.
Omkar Kanneboyena and Avire Ramana Rao : Department of Botany, Kakatiya Government College, Hanamkonda, Telangana, India.
E. Kiran : Department of Botany, Telangana University, Nizamabad, Telangana, India.
M. Tarakeswara Naidu : Department of Botany, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
Sreeramulu Nallella : Department of Botany, Kakatiya Mahila Degree & PG College, Hanamkonda, Telangana, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.16
Price: 251
Evaluation of Aeromycoflora of Satish Pradhan Dnyanasadhana College Library, Thane, Maharashtra, India
By: Umesh B. Kakde , Aasawari A. Tak , Bhushan Langi , Chaitali Patil , Sarita Hajirnis
Page No : 167-171
Abstract
Fungi with wide range of diverse group are the primary component of environment. Environmental conditions like humidity, temperature, light, moisture are some major factors for their sustainable growth and diversity. The cellulite activity causes the maximum deterioration to library books, covers, materials, binding of papers. Fungal spores also known for many allergic diseases like respiratory syndromes, allergy to the library workers, members and readers. As library is the basic source of most of the cellulosic fungi, as it provides ambient temperature and moisture for their proliferation. The study investigated at the two different intervals of weeks in a month. In this study it revealed that resulted the most abundant species were: Aspergillus spp. (32.3%), spp. (13.8%), Alternaria spp. (23%), Cladosporium sp. (4.6%), Trichoderma species (7%), Chaetomium (1.2%) etc.
Authors :
Aasawari A. Tak, Chaitali Patil and Sarita Hajirnis : Department of Botany, Satish Pradhan Dnyanasadhana College, Thane, Mumbai, India
Umesh B. Kakde : Department of Botany, The Institute of Science, Mumbai, India.
Bhushan Langi : Department of Chemistry, Satish Pradhan Dnyanasadhana College, Thane, Mumbai, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.17
Price: 251
Nobel Gold Nanoparticle Fabrication using the Eco-friendly Technique
By: Vadiraj B Tangod
Page No : 173-181
Abstract
Fabrication of Nobel gold nanoparticles using green nanotechnology and eco-friendly chemistry is carried out with Cupressus sempervirens leaf extract as a reducing and capping agent. This technology helps us to reduce the use of toxic reducing reagents and is eco-friendly, cost-effective, and large-scale production is possible due to the abundant availability of greenery products. This would take science and technology to a rapid and amazing advancement in the production of agricultural and industrial products, improved and durable materials. In this communication, we approached the synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Cupressus sempervirens extract, which contains phytochemicals that reduce the gold salt into gold nanoparticles. These phytochemicals are not hazardous to human health. So, gold nanoparticles are used in new drugs for chronic and dreaded diseases like cancer, as an antibiotic, immunity booster, and in many industrial applications. Further, characterised and synthesised molecules are tested for their stability with various components like temperature, time, and reaggregation.
Author :
Vadiraj B Tangod : Associate Professor and Head of Department of Physics, Government First Grade College for Women’s College Opposite to R N Shetty Stadium Office, Dharwad, Karnataka, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.18
Price: 251
A Review on Phytochemical and Pharmacological Activities of Callistemon viminalis
By: Priyanka Namdeo , Hemant K Sharma
Page No : 183-195
Abstract
Callistemon viminalis belongs to the family Myrtaceae and also known as bottlebrush which is or found throughout in India. It has a remarkable place in Ayurvedic medicine of India, due to presence of phytoconstituents and pharmacological activities. Callistemon species as a farm tree are planted for forestry or ornamental purposes and for weed as well. In traditional Chinese medicines, C. viminalis is used for treating hemorrhoids. Hot drink locally ‘tea’ in Jamaica from C. viminalis has been used for the treatment of gastroenteritis, diarrhea and skin infections. The phytochemical research carried out on C. viminalis extracts and showed that the plant is rich in phenolics, triterpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, alkaloids, tannin, carbohydrates, amino acids and proteins compounds. The investigated pharmacological studies reported the presence of anti-inflammatory, Alzheimer, hemolytic activity, anthelmintic, anti-oxidant property, anti-bacterial, antifungal and hepatoprotective activities in C. viminalis.
Authors :
Priyanka Namdeo and Hemant K Sharma : School of Pharmacy, Sri Satya Sai University of Technology and Medical Sciences, Sehore (M.P.), India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.19
Price: 251
Conservation and Large Scale Propagation of a Valuable Ornamental Aquatic Plant, Echinodorus argentinensis Rataj through Micropropagation
By: Sheeja George E , Aneykutty Joseph , Alphy Korath
Page No : 197-202
Abstract
A protocol was standardized for large scale propagation through multiple shoot proliferation from the basal buds of Echinodorus argentinensis, an ornamental aquatic plant. Explants were treated for 15 minutes with commercial bleach (containing 0.825% Sodium hypochlorite as active ingredient) which was diluted with distilled water to a concentration of 15%; and were then dipped for a second in 100% ethanol to obtain axenic cultures. The axenic basal buds initiated shoot formation within a week when cultured on full strength Murashige & Skoog medium (MS medium) supplemented with 1.0 mg/l 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP). Number of shoots produced per explant was maximum (2.5672 shoots per explant p< 0.05) on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l BAP. Shoots were elongated considerably in all the media tried for shoot multiplication and maximum elongation (2.87 cm, p< 0.05) of the in vitro developed shoots was observed on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l BAP in combination with 0.1 mg/l Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Root regeneration was observed on all the shoot regeneration media and the highest number of roots/shoot (3.4568 roots per shoot) was obtained on MS medium devoid of any kind of plant growth regulators. The plantlets developed in vitro were subjected to acclimatization procedure and were finally planted in the aquarium. The protocol is ready for commercialization.
Authors :
Sheeja George E : Post Graduate Department of Botany, Sree Narayana College, Cherthala, Alappuzha district, Kerala, India.
Aneykutty Joseph : Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology, Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science & Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala, India
Alphy Korath : School of Management & Entrepreneurship, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Panangad, Kochi, Kerala, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.20
Price: 251
Nutritional Values and Antioxidant Activity of Wild and Cultivated Banana Pseudostems from Manipur, North Eastern India
By: Thokchom Sonia Devi , Padmaraj Gajurel , Sorokhaibam Sureshkumar Singh
Page No : 203-211
Abstract
Young and fresh banana pseudostems of (Musa sp.) locally known as “Laphu” (Manipuri) are sold in the local markets and consumed as a common vegetable in Manipur. Despite high economic value and consumption, the nutritional values of banana pseudostems have not been studied. The present study evaluated the nutritional values and antioxidant activity of four highly consumed banana pseudostems [MN13 (Meitei Hei), MN14 (Maring Hei), MN15 (Ningol Hei) and MN20 (Ching Laphu)] found in different parts of Manipur. Two of the cultivated banana pseudostems (MN13 and MN15) were identified as Musa acuminata, MN14 as Musa hybrid cultivar and MN20 as Musa balbisiana of the family Musaceae. The total sugar (0.99 %), reducing sugar (0.57 %), starch (39.22%) and amino acid (23.94 μg/mg) contents were recorded highest in MN14. Non-reducing sugar (0.57 %), crude protein (12.84 %), ash content (30.63%), total phenolic content (23.31 ug GAE/mg) and flavonoid (15μg RE/mg) were found highest in MN20. Among minerals, the highest values of N content was recorded in MN20 (2.05%), P in MN13 (400.78 mg/100g), K in MN14 (42.88 mg/100g) and Na (1.14 mg/100g) in MN15. The antioxidant properties of the pseudostems were found to be very low in all samples as compared to cow pea (31.56%), ascorbic acid (65.86%) and gallic acid (69.2%). The present study reveals that the two banana pseudostems, MN14 (Musa hybrid cultivar) and MN20 (Musa balbisiana) were found to possess the highest nutritional contents based on mineral and dietary values. Further, studies may lead to the development of a suitable management strategy for conservation and sustainable utilization of MN20 as an important vegetable in the future.
Authors :
Thokchom Sonia Devi and Padmaraj Gajurel : Department of Forestry, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science & Technology, Nirjuli, Arunachal Pradesh, India.
Sorokhaibam Sureshkumar Singh : Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Manipur University, Canchipur, Imphal, Manipur, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.21
Price: 251
An Overview on Ethnomedicinal Uses of Aloe vera Plant
By: Ushashee Mandal , Swagat Kumar Mallick , Gyanranjan Mahalik , Binod Kumar Mohapatra
Page No : 213-217
Abstract
Plants are utilized as nutrition, medicine, livestock farming, and construction material. A medicinal plant contains unique bioactive substances that provides a unique set of characteristics and purpose. Aloe vera is a succulent plant that thrives in desert and subtropical areas. It is utilized in Ayurveda, Homoeopathic, and Allopathic systems of medicine for its therapeutic benefits. People from many different cultures have used since a very long time, and among of its traditional uses include applications to lessen sweating, oral doses for diabetes, and treatment of a variety of gastrointestinal disorders. Moreover, it is employed to treat oral herpes, small injuries, burn wounds, and seborrhea dermatitis. Aloe vera appears to treat a number of diseases because of its abilities to heal wounds, boost immunity, fight against diabetes and other diseases, serve as a laxative, and have antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal activities. Utilization of Aloe vera in dietary, drug and corrective arrangements draw consideration for age of logical data. Focusing on the significance of organically dynamic parts moved by the leaves of the Aloe vera plant and its broad use, it has become basic that, the leaf ought to be handled determined to hold fundamental bioactive parts. Hence, therapeutic uses of the plant have explicitly utilized for medicine and skin care product.
Authors :
Swagat Kumar Mallick and Gyanranjan Mahalik : Department of Botany, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India.
Ushashee Mandal and Binod Kumar Mohapatra : Department of Botany, Prananath Autonomous College, Odisha, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.22
Price: 251
Pharmacognostical Assessment, Antioxidant Ability and Determination of Phytomolecules using GC-MS in Gloriosa superba Linn
By: Anupriya Singh , Ashwani Kumar , Dev Nath Singh Gautam
Page No : 219-228
Abstract
Gloriosa superba Linn (family Colchicaceae) is a tendril climber with cylindrical and V or L shaped rhizomes that has received much attention due to its ancient pharmacological uses and being a rich source of colchicine. The pharmacognostical profile of leaf, stem and rhizome were analysed to assure the grade of raw material in the proposed investigation. Moreover, the antioxidant capacity of ethanolic rhizome extract of G. superba (EREG) was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging assay. Simultaneously, we have evaluated the phytochemical profile of EREG by GC-MS and total phenolic content was performed as well. Transverse section (TS) of rhizome revealed thin layer of brownish scales that fabricate the outer skin. In addition, the cortical area made up of homogeneous fleshy and parenchymal cells filled with starch granules which is one of the superabundant diagnostic features of this plant. Pharmacognostical profile of leaf, stem and rhizome of the plant demonstrated the evidence of authenticity of this plant. Anti-scavenging capacity (IC50) and total phenolic content was 77.20% and 9.54 mg, GAE/g, respectively. The GC-MS library identified two phytoconstituents as diethyl phthalate (100% peak area) and arsenous acid, tris(trimethylsilyl) ester (22.68% peak area) whose vast benefits are reported in the fields of pharmaceuticals, industry and personal care products. Frivolous research work in the field of pharmacognosy, antioxidant ability and instrumental analysis for phytomolecules provides a vast avenue for research on G. superba.
Authors :
Anupriya Singh and Dev Nath Singh Gautam : Ph.D., Department of Rasa Shastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Ashwani Kumar : Professor (Retd.), Department of Botany and PG School of Biotechnology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.23
Price: 251
In vitro Flowering in Aerva lanata (L) Juss. Ex. Schult
By: Rajanna. L. , Nagaveni C
Page No : 229-234
Abstract
Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. ex-Schultz, is a medicinally important herbal plant with many medicinal properties like the antihyperglycaemic, lithotriptic, urolithic, antibiotic, antihelmintic, antihyperlipidemic, antimicrobial and hepatoprotective activity that intrigued us to study and propagate this plant. As the plant displayed challenges in propagation by conventional methods, especially during the off-season, the in vitro multiplication method was deployed. During this experimentation, in vitro flowering for two consecutive years both during the on-season and off-season was recorded. L2 media fortified with 2.5 mg/L IBA, and 1.5 mg/L BAP emerged as the best media for proliferation and direct organogenesis. Resultant shoots were subcultured onto similar media fortified with 1 mg/L GA3 to get elongated inflorescences. As flowers and inflorescences are of great medicinal importance, these results aid in sustaining the plant during the off-season and find its application accordingly.
Authors :
Nagaveni C and Rajanna. L : Department of Botany, Bangalore University, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.24
Price: 251
Bio-Efficacy of Flavonoid Phytocompound Isolated From Acmella Calva (Dc.) R.K. Jansen
By: P. Shanthi , K. Priyadharshni
Page No : 235-243
Abstract
The phytocompound 5,7,3’,4’–Flavon-3-ol isolated and characterized through spectral studies was analyzed for its anticariogenic activity through disc diffusion method and In-silico analysis. It was carried against dental caries causing microbes such as Streptococcus mutans at different concentration (20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160 μg/ml) of which the maximum zone of inhibition was noticed at 160 μg/ml. In in-silico analysis, the molecular docking of phytocompound was analyzed against 4 proteins of the pathogen which were retrieved from PDB database. The phytocompound 5,7,3’,4’ – Flavon-3-ol showed good response against all proteins. Among these, the highest ligand and protein interaction was noticed in 3AIE protein of Streptococcus mutans. The flavonoid compound was tested for its drug likeness and ADME/T properties. The results revealed that the compound accepted the three rule out of four in Lipinski rule of five. ADME properties and toxicity of the phytocompound showed oral bioavailability which are under permissible limit. From the present investigation, it was proved that the phytocompound 5,7,3’,4’–Flavon-3-ol is harmless and effect potent against dental caries causing microbes.
Authors :
K. Priyadharshni : Reseach scholar, Department of Botany, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
P. Shanthi : Dean of Life Science, Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.25
Price: 251
News Report :
Acampe rigida (Buchanan-Hamilton ex Smith) P. F. Hunt: New Record for Rajasthan State, India
By: Neelam Poonar , Jai Singh , Shikha Gupta , Manmohan Arya , Smita Raskar , Amit Kotiya
Page No : 245-248
Abstract
This article deals with Acampe rigida (Orchidaceae) first-time distribution records from the state of Rajasthan. A brief description, phenology, habitat notes and photographs are provided.
Authors :
Jai Singh, Shikha Gupta, Manmohan Arya, Neelam Poonar, Smita Raskar and Amit Kotiya : Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.02.26
Price: 251
Jan-2022 to Jun-2022
Editorial
Climate Change and Health and Ayush : Curcuma and COVID-19
By: Ashwani Kumar
Page No : (i-ii)
Price: 500
Life of Govindjee, known as Mister Photosynthesis
By: Joy E. Block
Page No : 1-22
Abstract
This article presents autobiographical memories of Govindjee Govindjee, from his life in Allahabad (India) to Urbana, Illinois (USA). It includes his life in India, especially sections on his family and upbringing; his experiences in his adopted country, the USA; and a bit on his research life. For further information on Govindjee’s academic life, see, e.g., Govindjee (2019a) and Stirbet et al. (2020); also see messages on his 88th birthday and 20-years of his retired life in Eaton-Rye et al. (2020). This article begins with my prologue; the rest of it is an edited text based on Govindjee’s responses in a 2016 interview.
Author :
Joy E. Block : United States History Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.1.1
Price: 251
Letter to the Editor
Frederick Robert (Bob) Whatley (1924-2020): Co-discoverer of Photophosphorylation in Chloroplasts and much more
By: Govindjee Govindjee
Page No : 23-29
Abstract
I present here a personal reminiscence of the life and research of Frederick Robert (Bob) Whatley (January 26, 1924–November 14, 2020). He was responsible for showing that chloroplasts are complete units for oxygenic photosynthesis and that ‘photophosphorylation’ is what is common between anoxygenic and oxygenic photosynthesis. He had an innovative nature and exploited many biophysical and biochemical techniques to understand, in depth, the regulatory nature of photosynthesis. Bob Whatley was a self-sufficient, thorough, quiet, and confident scientist, but he was ‘self-effacing’ and never ever “blew his own horn”. My presentation is mingled a bit, at places, with my own thoughts – to give it a ‘personal’ touch.
Author :
Govindjee Govindjee : Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.1.2
Price: 251
Curcuma longa Linn.: A Medicinal Plant with Therapeutic Potential against COVID-19
By: Anupriya Singh , Jyoti Singh , Gangeshwar Kumar Tripathi , Ashwani Kumar , Yuan-Yeu Yau , Dev Nath Singh Gautam
Page No : 31-63
Abstract
COVID-19 had been declared a pandemic in March 2020. The disease has caused destruction all around the world. Symptomatic treatment, supportive care, isolation and experimental measure are the most important ways to manage this disease. However, 81% of the COVID-19 patients showed mild-to-moderate symptoms such as fever, cough, nasal congestion, fatigue, sore throat, loss of smell and loss of taste etc. Patients with mild-to-moderate symptoms may not need hospitalization because most of them will be able to manage their sickness at home through medication or supportive care. It will be useful to take both preventive measures and substances that boost the immunity while rest at home. Ministry of AYUSH in India recommended several approaches for preventive health care to boost immunity and respiratory health: following yoga and meditation plus intake of a few medicinal-plant-based compounds such as those from turmeric (Curcuma longa), cumin (Cuminum cyminum) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum) etc., once or twice a day. C. longa has been one of the most commonly used remedy for symptoms during COVID-19 pandemic in India. Based on existing scientific evidences, C. longa has been proved to be a potent antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and antioxidant source, as well as a medicinal plant effective for respiratory disorders. In this review, scientific evidence of C. longa phytochemicals responsible for pharmacological activities are presented using in silico, in vitro and in vivo models. This review also discusses the disease COVID-19 and its causative virus SARS-CoV-2.
Authors :
Anupriya Singh : Department of Rasa Shastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., India.
Jyoti Singh : Department of Rasa Shastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., India.
Gangeshwar Kumar Tripathi : Department of Rasa Shastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., India.
Ashwani Kumar : Department of Botany and PG School of Biotechnology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Dev Nath Singh Gautam : Department of Rasa Shastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., India.
Yuan-Yeu Yau : Department of Natural Sciences, Northeastern State University, Broken Arrow, OK, USA.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.3
Price: 251
Standardization and Elemental determination of Therapeutic Medicinal Plant Volkameria inermis L
By: Shanthi P , Thiripura Sundari U
Page No : 65-74
Abstract
Plants are the therapeutic agents, producing rich source of bioactive substances to cure all kinds of ailments. The main objective of this investigation was to standardize the leaves of Volkameria inermis L. as a source of effective natural medicine. The standardization was validated by physicochemical parameter, phytochemical studies and elemental analysis. The results of physicochemical study showed 6.75% moisture content, 11.2% total ash value, 0.6% acid insoluble ash value and 4.2% of water soluble ash value. The extractive percentages for various solvents are 1.2% (Hexane), 2.4% (Chloroform), 2.8% (Acetone), 3.8% (Ethanol), 5.2% (Methanol) and 6.0% (Water). The phytochemical analysis reveals the presence of phytocompounds coumarins, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenoids. Heavy metals viz copper, cadmium, lead and mercury content were determined as 0.67 ± 0.000 mg/kg, 0.13 ± 0.000 mg/kg, 0.08 ± 0.000 mg/kg and 0.001 ± 0.000 mg/kg respectively. It also showed 1.59 ± 0.001 mg/kg of manganese and 0.29 ± 0.017 mg/kg of zinc. The results of heavy metal profile of the tested plant were within the permissible limits of the regulatory authorities WHO and FAO. Hence it is recommended that the Volkameria inermis L. is a one of the efficient natural sources to be used as drug.
Author :
Thiripura Sundari U : Research Scholar, PG and Research Department of Botany, Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
Shanthi P : Dean of Life Science and Assistant Professor, PG and Research Department of Botany, Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.4
Price: 251
Traditional and Ethno-Medicinal Uses of Wild Edible Mushrooms: A Case Study of Santali Tribe of Beliatore Forest, Bankura District, West Bengal, India
By: Soumik Chatterjee , Krishna Chandra Mondal , Sabyasachi Chatterjee
Page No : 75-85
Abstract
This study deals with the ethno-medicinal knowledge about different wild edible mushrooms in Santali community of Beliatore forest, Bankura district, West Bengal, India. This Santali community has extensive knowledge on mushrooms and can identify edible and nonedible fungi used for various purposes in their daily life. Two year (2018-2019) extensive survey resulted in the discovery of 40 species of fungi and its various uses by the Santali community. Mushrooms is a non-wood forest product which provide an alternative source of income for the tribal people. Santali tribe uses fungi for treating various diseases with different combinations. This study exposes the traditional knowledge on mushrooms of Santali Community.
Authors :
Soumik Chatterjee : PG Department of Botany, Ramananda College, Bankura, West Bengal, India.
Krishna Chandra Mondal : Department of Microbiology, The University of Burdwan, West Bengal, India.
Sabyasachi Chatterjee : PG Department of Botany, Ramananda College, Bankura, West Bengal, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.5
Price: 251
Biological Screening of Palmyra (Borassus flabellifer Linn.) Underground Sprout Extract for in-vitro Biochemical Activities
By: S. Swathi Lakshmi , T. Ponrathy
Page No : 87-90
Abstract
The palm tree, Borassus flabellifer Linn., is an erect and celestial tree with more than 800 diverse applications. It is the official tree of the Indian state, Tamil Nadu. The aim of this study was to investigate the antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of Palmyra underground sprouts. Palmyra sprout was also tested for its anti-inflammatory properties. All the assays were conducted on powder of boiled Palmyra sprout extracts in chloroform. The antidiabetic potentials were assessed using ?-amylase, as a target enzyme. Colorimetric antioxidation potentials were determined by phosphomolybdenum method. The iron-ferrozine absorbance at 562 nm was used to calculate the metal chelating assay. An in-vitro protein denaturation inhibition assay was used to assess the anti-inflammatory property. The Palmyra sprout extracts inhibited ?-amylase, one of the key enzymes involved in starch digestion and blood glucose regulation. The Antioxidant potential of the sample was recorded as 96% and Fe2+ ion-chelating activities of the sample was also detected. The percentage inhibition of protein denaturation in this underground sprout was evaluated as 91.18. These results show that Borassus flabellifer Linn. underground sprout extract has antidiabetic, metal chelating, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, and hence has a lot of potential as a natural health product source.
Authors :
S. Swathi Lakshmi : Research Scholar, Department of Botany, St. John’s College, Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu.
T. Ponrathy : Assistant Professor and Head, Department of Botany, Kamaraj College, Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.6
Price: 251
Ecological Study of Blue Green Algae of Canal Waters in Alappuzha, Kerala
By: Jayasree S , Sincy Joseph , S. Sreeranjini
Page No : 91-98
Abstract
In the present study five important canals of Alappuzha were analysed for algal distribution viz. Kottaram Canal, Alappuzha – Cherthala Canal, Commercial Canal, Vadai Canal and Uppootti Canal. Algae, the principle primary producers are photosynthetic thallophytes, usually are microscopic, unicellular and colonial or multicellular. The Canals contain different types of Phyco-components like planktons, benthos, epiphytic organisms etc. The algal taxa from Class Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae and Cyanophyceae were found in these canals Totally 23 species of algae were recorded from the study sites. Among them maximum number of species (7 species) was recorded from Vadai canal followed by Alappuzha-Cherthala canal (6 species), and Kottaram canal (4 species). Members from Class Chlorophyceae were found dominant followed by Class Bacillariophyceae and Cyanophyceae. Three among these canals were showed Physico chemical parameters at the favourable limit and two were rich in nutrients, because of the discharge of effluents from the industrial area which is Alappuzha-sherthala canal and Vadai canal because of the discharge of effluents from the industrial area which is Alappuzha-Cherthala canal Vadai canal.
Authors :
Jayasree S : Department of Botany, Maharaja’s College, Ernakulum, Kerala.
Sincy Joseph : Department of Botany, St. Stephen’s College, Uzhavoor, Kottayam, Kerala.
S. Sreeranjini : Department of Botany, Sanathana Dharma College, Alappuzha, Kerala.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.7
Price: 251
Effect of Physiochemical Parameters of Water on Marine Macroalgal Biodiversity of Bhuigaon Beach, Palghar District, Maharashtra
By: Deepti Deshpande , Surekha Gupta
Page No : 99-102
Abstract
Algae are a diverse group of living organisms that are distributed in fresh as well as marine water bodies. Algae form an important part of aquatic food chain and food web and thus play an important role in regulating aquatic ecosystems. They are a good source of bioactive compounds, valuable food resource as well as potent pollution indicators. Taking this into consideration, an attempt was made to diversify the macroalgal species found on Bhuigaon beach during late winters in four consecutive years. Samples were collected during low tide, processed and preserved, herbarium specimens were prepared for identification of marine algae collected from the study site. Samples of sea water were also analysed for physiochemical parameters. A total of 08 different algal species were documented belonging to three different groups Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta and Rhodophyta. Effect of salinity, phosphates and nitrates on algal biodiversity was notable.
Authors :
Deepti Deshpande and Surekha Gupta
G. N. Khalsa College, Matunga, Mumbai.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.8
Price: 251
Extraction of Plasmid from Low-density Polyethylene degrading Bacterium and its Transformation into E. coli DH5a
By: N. K Kotwal , R. B. Vaidya
Page No : 103-110
Abstract
Improperly disposed plastics are a significant source of environment pollution of which about 3% of plastic material is recycled while remaining remains as litter. Littering not only threatens wildlife and marine life, but also causes considerable aesthetic nuisance. The hazard of discarding waste plastics like Polyethylene, so called “white pollution”, is becoming more severe. Improper methods of disposal like burying or burning of plastic materials release harmful or toxic pollutants into the environment thereby endangering the biosphere. The persistence of plastics in landfills is adding to the growing water and surface-waste litter problems. This research was therefore initiated to isolate bacteria that can degrade low-density polyethylene (LDPE), which is among the most frequent polymers found in the solid waste generated in urban areas. A total of 18 bacterial isolates were obtained that had the ability to degrade LDPE. 16s rDNA sequencing was used to identify the isolates. Further, based on polymer degradation potential of the isolates, one isolate Pseudomonas stutzeri strain CPO 4.206 was used for extraction of plasmid. The extracted plasmid was then transformed into E. coli DH5a.
Authors :
Kotwal, N. K. and Vaidya, R. B
Department of Life Sciences, Jai Hind College Autonomous, ‘A’-Road, Churchgate, Mumbai.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.9
Price: 251
In-Vitro Studies and Multiple Shootlet Induction in Cyathocline purpurea (Buch.- Ham. ex D.Don) Kuntze
By: Ruchika Dani , Mahavir Gosavi
Page No : 111-116
Abstract
An efficient micropropagation protocol based on multiple shootlet induction has been standardized in Cyathocline purpurea, a medicinal plant. The nodal and leaf cuttings were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/mL BAP, 0.5 mg/mL NAA and a combination of 0.5 mg/mL BAP + NAA. Multiple shootlet induction was observed on MS medium supplemented with the combination of 0.5 mg/mL BAP + NAA using nodal explant. The shootlet thus induced, was 2.5 cm in length and had cotyledonary leaves on it. This shootlet was further transferred to another culture vial containing the same media. Phytochemical screening was done to check the presence of phenolics, steroids, alkaloids, glycosides and flavonoids using three different solvents viz., Petroleum Ether, Acetone and Ethanol. Antibacterial activity was seen against E. coli. Antioxidant assay was performed by checking the radical scavenging activity using DPPH.
Authors :
Ruchika Dani : PG student, Department of Botany, S.I.E.S. College of Arts, Science and Commerce at Sion, Mumbai
Mahavir Gosavi : Associate Professor and Head, Department of Botany, S.I.E.S. College of Arts, Science and Commerce (Autonomous), Sion (W), Mumbai.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.10
Price: 251
Rapid in vitro Multiplication and Biological Potentialities of Sericostoma pauciflorum Stocks ex Wight
By: Boskey Pancholi
Page No : 117-125
Abstract
In the present study, an efficient in vitro plant regeneration protocol for Sericostoma pauciflorum Stocks ex Wight, which is known for hypoglycemic efficacy, was achieved. Callus cultures from nodal explants were raised on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium with Indole acetic acid (IAA, 0.5-2 mg/l) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D, 0.5-2 mg l-1). Shoot regeneration occurred from callus cultures inoculated on a medium supplemented with IAA (0.5-7 mg l-1) and for root induction different concentrations of IAA (0.5-2.0 mg l-1) and indole butyric acid (IBA, 0.5-2.0 mg l-1) were used. Out of the various concentrations used, 2,4-D (1.5 mg l-1) proved to be better with 90% response for callus formation. Similarly, 3 mg l-1 IAA showed highest number of shoots (18.6±0.40). These shoots on MS medium supplemented with IAA (1.5 mg l-1) gave maximum number of roots (5.40±1.98). For acclimatization, pure sand, garden soil and soil + compost (1:1) were used individually. The sand proved better by giving the survival rate 80%. The hardened plantlets were successfully transferred to the green house conditions and subsequently to the open field conditions. Different bioefficacies viz. antimicrobial using Agar Well Diffusion method and antioxidant using DPPH and FRAP methods along with total phenolic content were studied and compared with those of in vivo.
Author :
Boskey Pancholi : Department of Biotechnology, University of Kota.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.11
Price: 251
Measure Avoidable Loss Assessment due to Post Flowering Stalk Rots Caused by Fusarium verticillioides in Maize in Southern Rajasthan, India
By: Kalpana Yadav , S.S. Sharma , Tarun Kumar Jatwa , Suresh Kumar
Page No : 127-132
Abstract
The objective of this experiment was to assess yield losses due to stalk rot in corn (Zea mays) after artificial inoculations through toothpick inoculations in susceptible variety ‘surya’ using paired plot technique in the southern districts of Rajasthan, India. Two field experiments were carried out in two different kharif seasons i.e. year 2019 and year 2020. Variety ‘surya’ were grown in field with 15 replications and inoculated with toothpick inoculations of Fusarium verticillioides. Samples of healthy and stalk rot infected plants were collected from each protected and unprotected plots, at harvesting stage. Result of field experiments revealed that rating and PDI were significantly lower in protected plots which are artificially inoculated with F. verticillioides, with average PDI 18.46% and Rating 2.84 in 2019, and of 19.12% PDI and 2.76 rating in 2020. PDI was significantly higher in unprotected plots that are 70.92 in 2019 and 70.94 in 2020. Significant loss in grain yield (gram/plot) was observed due to post flowering stalk rot (PFSR) in unprotected plots as compared to protected treatments were 23.66% in 2019 and 29.40% in 2020.
Authors :
Kalpana Yadav : Research Scholar Department of Plant Pathology, MPUAT, Udaipur.
S.S. Sharma : Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, MPUAT, Udaipur.
Tarun Kumar Jatwa : Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, RARI, Durgapura, Jaipur.
Suresh Kumar : Research Scholar Department of Plant Pathology, MPUAT, Udaipur.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.12
Price: 251
Collection, Isolation, Purification and Pathogenicity of Banded Leaf and Sheath Blight Disease of Maize Caused Rhizoctonia solani f. sp. sasakii
By: S.S. Sharma , Pinki Devi Yadav , Sumit Kumar Yadav , Poonam Joshi
Page No : 133-138
Abstract
Banded Leaf and Sheath Blight (BLSB) disease of Maize Caused by Rhizoctonia solani f. sp. sasakii is one of the most severe disease causing serious yield losses each year. In recent years, Rhizoctonia solani is fitting more prevalent in agricultural areas where climate change is leading to higher temperatures. We conducted a experiment in which, a series of fungal collection, isolation and identification from the infected plant parts. The plant showed typical symptoms like the disease lesion are characterized by the presence of alternate bleached area or zones, which are initially water soaked and narrow purple brown bends oriented perpendicular to long axis of leaves or leaf sheath. The infected isolates may be seen on the affected tissues after reinoculation and produced mycelia growth and sclerotia on both plants and culture plates. On re-isolation it was found that the fungus was identical to the original isolate. It was observed that the infection was much higher in inoculated plants as compared to control.
Authors :
Poonam Yadav, S.S. Sharma, Pinki Devi Yadav and Sumit Kumar Yadav
Department of Plant Pathology, Rajasthan of College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology (MPUAT), Udaipur (Rajasthan), India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.13
Price: 251
Pheno-biological Diversity of Leaf Litter Macrofungi in Some Forests of West Bengal
By: Gouri Das , Parichay Chakraborty
Page No : 139-150
Abstract
In forest ecology and biodiversity, macrofungi occupy important place. Apart from soil nutrients, pH, soil moisture, depth of litter on the forest floor, a number of factors influence diversity of litter fungi as litter decomposition is a highly complex process mediated by various fungal taxa. In the present study physical and chemical attributes of leaf litter from different tree species in the forests of Dakshin Dinajpur district, West Bengal were observed and an assemblage of 11 macrofungal taxa belonging to 7 different families like Agaricaceae, Amanitaceae, Tricholomataceae, Omphalotaceae Marasmiaceae, Aphelariaceae, Psathyrellaceae have been found. These macrofungi were collected from Danga, Dogachhi, Kasiadanga, Barakasipur of Balurghat beat and Abhirampur, Asair, Erenda forestof Tapan beat. This investigation being the pioneering one in this area, also revealed high degree of host and part of the leaf specificity in some cases. The heterogeneity in the abiotic environment may have indirect or direct effect on the distribution of litter fungi in the litter profile. Interestingly, the occurrence of Aphelariaceae (Aphelaria sp.) was restricted to the litter layers of Erenda forest floor only. For systematic random sampling, field trips were conducted at 60 plots with 4 transects during summer, rainy, autumn and spring over last 3 years. All the collected samples were worked out thoroughly, identified and preserved in the laboratory. The data generated in the study will certainly enlighten the domain of mycological diversity of litter fungi.
Authors :
Gouri Das : Department of Botany, Balurghat College, Dakshin Dinajpur, West Bengal.
Parichay Chakraborty : Department of Botany, Balurghat, Dakshin Dinajpur, West Bengal.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.14
Price: 251
Seasonal Variation of Soil Fungi in Tea Garden, Mokokchung District, Nagaland
By: Asangla Kichu , Maongkala Walling , Wati Temjen , Lydia Yeptho , T Ajungla
Page No : 151-158
Abstract
Tea plant is one of the major cash crops in Northeast India and tea leaves is a popular beverage cherished as a part of a healthy human diet. Tea plant being an economically important crop it is necessary to understand the soil fungal population as soil fungi are key drivers of plant productivity. This present study is conducted in the soil samples collected seasonally from the tea cultivated area of Mokokchung district, Nagaland, India. A total of 60 fungal species under 26 genera were isolated from the study site and colony forming units (CFU), relative density (RD), relative frequency (RF) and important value index were calculated. The highest fungal counts were recorded during the spring season with 8.2 x 106 CFUg-1 and lowest fungal counts were recorded in the winter season with 2.7 x 106 CFUg-1. Highest IVI was recorded in Aspergillus niger (8.09) followed by A. flavus (6.58). Dominance of Aspergillus may be attributed to the antagonistic nature exhibited by these genera against other fungi.
Authors :
Asangla Kichu, T. Ajungla, Maongkala Walling, Wati Temjen and Lydia Yeptho
Department of Botany, Nagaland University, Lumami.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.15
Price: 251
Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Spores from Industrial Belts of MIDC, Dombivli, Thane District of Maharashtra for Winter Season
By: Mahavir Gosavi , Ashwini Deshpande
Page No : 159-163
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) are the obligate symbionts, forming natural, beneficial relationships with higher plants. About 80% of plants are colonized by AM fungi which belong to Glomeromycota (Family - Endogonaceae). In soil microorganisms, AM fungi are commonly studied because of their capacity to support plant tolerance under polluted and toxic conditions. The current study deals with the exclusive survey of fifteen industrial sites from MIDC, Dombivli (East). The sites were investigated to study diversity of AM fungi with respect to rhizosphere soil analysis for subsequent spore density and identification. Spores of Glomus, Acaulospora, and Gigaspora were observed. The observed species were also detected in root colonization analysis, using standard staining methods. The spore density was highest for Glomus. The species recorded and identified from genus Glomus are G. aggregatum, G. albidum, G. australe, G. deserticola, G. fasciculatum, G. fulvus, G. geosporum, G. intraradices, G. microcarpum, G. multicaule and G. occultum along with species of Acaulospora like A. foveata, A. mellea, A. scrobiculata and Gigaspora margarita.
Authors :
Ashwini Deshpande : Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, SIES College of Arts, Science and Commerce (Autonomous), Sion (W), Mumbai.
Mahavir Gosavi : Associate Professor and Head, Department of Botany, SIES College of Arts, Science and Commerce (Autonomous), Sion (W), Mumbai.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.16
Price: 251
Peptone Induced Pigment Production of Ganoderma lucidum
By: Mona Kejariwal , Sakshi Soni , Saloni Koli , Eeshrita Jog , Sayok Ghosh , Deepak Singh , Surabhi Parker , Tanvi Patil , Khushboo Chouhan , Akash Kushwaha , Kanika Shetty
Page No : 165-172
Abstract
Wood-rot fungi are known to be saprophytic, they are grown on most of the organic and decaying matters. These fungi have an ability to produce coloured pigments in in-vitro cultures when they are grown in specific growth media. The pigment producing capacity of such fungi depends on the composition and pH of media. Various coloured compounds can be obtained by changing the concentration of component of growth media for such fungi. The most commonly used growth media for in-vitro culturing of woodrot fungi are Potato dextrose agar (PDA) and Potato dextrose broth (PDB) and Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) and Sabouraud dextrose broth (SDB). Current study conducted of Ganoderma lucidum, a commonly occurring wood-rot fungi, it has been observed that the production of pigment in G. lucidum was dependent on various growth media and their components. The fungus forms white patchy, non-pigmented colonies when cultured on PDA medium whereas it showed pigmented growth on SDA medium. Further, by replacing each nutrient component in the growth medium one by one, it has been determined that the component plays a vital role in pigment production by G. lucidum. It has been remarkably established that pigment production in the fungus is totally dependent on peptone concentration. Additionally, Nature of pigment has been studied by carbon and hydrogen ratio which has been in correlation with the substrate provided in the growth medium. The pigment obtained by the study were further evaluated for thermal and pH stability which showed promising results as pigment was unaffected till 60°C and there was no colour change detected with various pH solutions. Therefore, this study focuses on the potential applications of pigment obtained from G. lucidum as a natural pigment in textile and food industry by evaluating proper cytotoxic and structural analytical studies in future.
Authors :
Mona Kejariwal : Department of Botany, RD and SH National College and SWA Science College, Bandra west, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Sakshi Soni, Saloni Koli, Eeshrita Jog, Sayok Ghosh, Deepak Singh, Surabhi Parker, Tanvi Patil, Khushboo Chouhan, Akash Kushwaha and Kanika Shetty
Department of Biotechnology, RD and SH National College and SWA Science College, Bandra west, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.17
Price: 251
Monotypic Grass Taxa in India: Taxonomic Implications and Conservational Aspects
By: Shailja Tripathi , Rekha Yadav , Dileshwar Prasad , Shubham Jaiswal , Gauri Saxena , Priyanka Agnihotri
Page No : 173-184
Abstract
The present study unveils an interesting group of grasses that are represented by single species. In India, 30 grass genera have been found to be monotypic, restricted to different regions of the country and the world. Eight of these grasses are known to be endemic to India with high endemism in the Western Ghats. Some of them possess a high economic potential and are being used as food, fodder and medicine. Few monotypic genera have also been included in IUCN red list and need special attention for their conservation. It is an attempt to document a challenging and stimulating group of grasses occurring in the country emphasising their distribution pattern, taxonomic features and conservational aspects.
Authors :
Shailja Tripathi, Rekha Yadav, Dileshwar Prasad, Shubham Jaiswal and Priyanka Agnihotri
Plant Diversity, Systematics and Herbarium Division, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Gauri Saxena : Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.18
Price: 251
Anatomical Elucidation of Leaf, Stem, Flower and Rhizome of Hedychium coronarium (zingiberaceae)
By: Kalpana S , Karpagam S
Page No : 185-194
Abstract
The anatomical characterisation of medicinally and economically important species of Hedycium coronarium (zingiberaceae) was done in this study. Anatomy of the Stem, Leaf, Flower and Rhizome were observed. Histochemical nature of the cells studied and presented in this paper. The species shows diagnostic anatomical characters such as Endodermoid layer, starch grains, oil cells are present. H. coronarium is an herbaceous, rhizomatous perennial plant, it accumulates essential oil which is used as a condiment, in perfumery, and as a medicine. The plant are also rich in phytochemicals and rich in antioxidants. Essential oil droplets and abundance of starch grains was observed under light microscope in thin sections of rhizome and stem. Some crystalline structures are visualized and are examine to further studies for identification and usage in pharmaceutical purposes. Anatomical characters of the rhizome in zingiberaceae could not only help in the identification of the plant species but also in authenticating plant materials used in medicine. The aim of the present study is to elucidate the morphological and anatomical characters of H. coronarium. And also to identify the various cell types that includes starch grains, oil cells, resins, crystals etc. for further studies.
Authors :
Kalpana S. : Research Scholar, Department of Botany, Queen Mary’s college, Chennai.
Karpagam S. : Associate Professor and Head, Department of Botany, Queen Mary’s college, Chennai.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.19
Price: 251
Development of an Effective Sterilisation Procedure for Exposed Seeds from the Dehisced Capsule using Centrifugation Method and Successful Asymbiotic Seed Germination in Phaius tankervilleae (Banks ex L’Herit) Bl.
By: Rajib Borah , Leoris Malngiang , Nripemo Odyuo , Hiranjit Choudhury
Page No : 195-204
Abstract
Asymbiotic seed germination has revolutionised the commercial production of exotic orchids as well as conservation of rare and endemic ones. However, the success of the process largely depends on the sterilisation procedure adopted to disinfect the minute dust like orchid seeds. The present study incorporates the technique of centrifugation method to successfully disinfect the exposed seeds obtained from the dehisced capsule of Phaius tankervilleae, which is an ornamental orchid endemic to Northeast India. The seeds of P. tankervilleae showed 100% disinfection as well as germination efficiency (with 5% NaOCl and 8 mins exposure) with no risk of physical damage to the seeds due to the centrifugation process (4 mins at 4000 rpm under 4?C). Inoculated seeds showed the first sign of swollen embryos (PLBs) after 5 weeks of culture in Murashige and Skoog (1962) (MS) medium. PLBs obtained were subcultured on MS medium supplemented with different plant growth regulators for healthy proliferation and shoot multiplication. MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L each of BAP and KN resulted in best overall shoot and root development. Therefore, the present study reports a simple yet effective sterilisation procedure to disinfect exposed P. tankervilleae seeds which is quick, easy and very efficient for mass scale propagation as well as ex-situ conservation of this valuable orchid species and other orchid species as well.
Author :
Rajib Borah : Division of Biotechnology, Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Basic Sciences and Social Sciences, School of Technology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India.
Leoris Malngiang : Division of Biotechnology, Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Basic Sciences and Social Sciences, School of Technology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India.
Nripemo Odyuo : Botanical Survey of India, Eastern Regional Centre, Meghalaya, India.
Hiranjit Choudhury : Division of Biotechnology, Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Basic Sciences and Social Sciences, School of Technology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.20
Price: 251
Appraising Physical Properties of Soil Under Different Prevailing Land Use Systems in the Sub-humid Southern Plans and Aravalli Hills of Rajasthan
By: R. B. Meena , S. C. Meena , R. H. Meena , Ramu Meena , Mahaveer Nogiya , R. L. Meena , R. S. Meena , Shiv Singh Meena
Page No : 205-214
Abstract
Information about the impacts of different land-use systems on the physical properties of soil is essential for the sustainable utilization of existing soil resources. The main objective of this study was to examine the variation in selected physical properties across the different prevailing land-use systems in the Sub Humid Southern Plains and Aravalli hills of Rajasthan. A total of 120 composite soil samples were collected for laboratory analysis from barren, cultivated, agri-horticulture, horticulture, grass, and natural forest land-use systems by four different soil depths (0-20, 20-40, 40-60 and 60-80 cm) with five replications. The two-way analysis of variance (Two ways ANOVA) was used to test the effect of different land-use systems and soil depths on measurable soil physical properties. The results of the study revealed that the soil separates (sand, silt, and clay fractions) were not differed significantly across the land use systems as the texture is an inherent property of soil that cannot be changed easily by agricultural management practices. However, soil depth was affected significantly to the particle size distribution under studied land use systems. The mean bulk density of the soil varied from 1.51 to 1.62 Mg m-3 and the mean total porosity ranged from 38.56 to 41.77%. The highest plant available water (0.362 cm3 -H2 Ocm-3 Soil) and higher moisture content at field capacity (34.55%) and permanent wilting point (10.57%) were recorded in the natural forest land use system. All the six land-use systems confirmed distinct effects on soil properties as the highest superior soil properties were observed under natural forest land-use systems, followed by grassland, horticulture, agri-horticulture, and agricultural land-use systems, whereas the barren land use was showed inferior soil properties. The result of the study suggests that the incorporation of tree components on agriculture, barren, and grassland systems could decisive to improve the properties and sustainability of the soil in the study area.
Authors :
R.B. Meena : Scientist, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Agra (U.P.) India.
S.C. Meena : Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science & Agriculture Chemistry, RCA, MPUAT, Udaipur.
R.H. Meena : Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science & Agriculture Chemistry, RCA, MPUAT, Udaipur.
Ramu Meena : Assistant Professor, Agricultural Research Station, Fatehpur Shekhawati, Sikar, SKNAU- Jobner (Rajasthan), India.
Mahaveer Nogiya : Scientist, ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Udaipur (Rajasthan), India.
R.L. Meena : Scientist, ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Udaipur (Rajasthan), India.
R.S. Meena : Assistant Professor, Agricultural Research Station, Sriganganagar (Rajasthan), India.
Shiv Singh Meena : Ph.D Student, GBPUAT, Pant Nagar, Uttrakhand (Rajasthan), India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.21
Price: 251
Comparative Analysis of Manures and Fertilizers on Tagetes erecta L
By: Mansi Solanki , Sanjukta Rajhans , Archana Mankad , Himanshu Pandya
Page No : 215-220
Abstract
Nutrients are essential components required by the plants for their growth and development. The application of organic and chemical fertilizers creates different impacts on the soil fertility and on plant development. These components help in increasing the efficiency and effective recovery of the agricultural field. The components used, duration of application and the rate of release of these nutrients create the differences between the organic and inorganic fertilizers. In the present study a pot experiment was conducted for evaluating the effects of manures and fertilizers on growth of the plant Tagetes erecta L. (African marigold) plant. Four potting media were prepared, namely organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, cow dung cake and vermicompost. One set was kept as control. The study was conducted for the time period of 21 days.
Authors :
Mansi Solanki, Sanjukta Rajhans, Himanshu Pandya and Archana Mankad
Department of Botany, Bioinformatics and Climate Change Impacts Management School of Science, Gujarat University Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.22
Price: 251
Native Trees’ Resilience and Tropical Cyclones: A Case Study in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
By: Babita Rana
Page No : 221-225
Abstract
Tropical cyclones with heavy rainfall and gusty winds cause severe damage to the environment, infrastructure, and economy of the affected area. This study focuses on the impact of major cyclones on vegetation with special mention of native as well as exotic tree species, particularly in Mumbai, Maharashtra, and elucidation of cyclone resistance traits in trees. Data collected from secondary sources of information supports the evidence that tree devastation was more in exotic species than native species. In Mumbai, as per the recent Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation census, more than half of the 29.75 lakh tree population is of exotic origin. The most susceptible trees to bear the cyclone impacts such as defoliation, snapping of stems, and uprooting were Peltoforum, Gulmohar, Thespesia, Royal palm, rain tree, which were introduced to India hundreds of years ago. The common native species mango, banyan, peepal, and neem perform fairly well which underlines the importance of planting local species in cyclone vulnerable regions. The selection of proper plant species is very crucial to minimize the damaging effects of cyclones and heavy monsoons in coastal regions.
Authors :
Babita Rana : Department of Botany, G N Khalsa College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Matunga (E), Mumbai, Maharashtra.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.23
Price: 251
Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Sustainable Tasar Silk Production and Soil Health
By: Soma Karmakar , A.K. Srivastava , T. Pandiaraj , Jyostna Tirkey
Page No : 227-233
Abstract
Tasar silk production is highly associated to natural ecosystem. Deterioration of natural ecosystem can directly affect the quality and production of tasar silk. Since regular use of chemical fertilizers reduce the fertility and total microbial biomass thus affecting soil health and productivity in tasar ecosystem. Hence, a field experiment was conducted at Central Tasar Research and Training Institute, Ranchi with an aim of improving the soil nutritional status using INM practices. The experiment was comprised 20 treatments including control which laid down in randomised block design with three replications. The soil samples were collected from each plot and analysed for different parameters. The study revealed that the pH of different experiment plots was acidic range (5.42 to 5.99). SOC was found to be higher in the treatment of 75% RDF with 25% VC + Azotobacter + PSB (1.33%) followed by 100%RDF with 2 kg/plant VC + Azotobacter + PSB (1.31%). The treatment T19 (495.5 kg ha?1 ) had recorded higher available nitrogen followed by T17 and lower in control. In case, the available phosphorus was found to be the ranges from medium to high (12.93 to 38.33 kg ha?1 ) in different treatments. In the present investigation, available potassium was observed in the range of 213.3 kg ha?1 ¹ to 513.3 kg ha?1 ¹ which resulted in medium to high range. All the micronutrients (Cu, Zn, Mn and Fe) in the experiment were found to be sufficient amount. Overall, the treatment that integrated chemical fertilizers with organic manure and bio fertilizers showed greater response to increase in soil nutrients content. Hence, the treatment i.e. 75% RDF with 25% VC + Azotobacter + PSB could prove a better and viable for nutrient demand of Tasar culture.
Authors :
Soma Karmakar : Department of Botany, Ranchi University, Ranchi, India.
A.K. Srivastava : Department of Botany, Ranchi University, Ranchi, India.
T. Pandiaraj : Narendra Deva University of Agricultural Technology, Azamgarh, UP, India.
Jyostna Tirkey : Narendra Deva University of Agricultural Technology, Azamgarh, UP, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.24
Price: 251
Scenario of Peach Cultivation in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
By: Jitender Kumar , K. K. Pramanick , A. K. Shukla , Santosh Watpade
Page No : 235-240
Abstract
Peach (Prunus persica L.) is one of the most important fruit crops of the Rosaceae family and widely grown in temperate regions of the world. The production scene, systematic cultivation and marketing of peaches could transform the rural economy in the hills of north-western India. Regional Center of Indian Agricultural Research Institute (Elevation of 1900 m AMSL) at Shimla, Himachal Pradesh evaluating the peach cultivars viz. July Elberta, Early Elberta, Snow Queen, Red Globe, Shan-e-Punjab, Sun crest, Glo Haven, Silver King, EC-174084, Paradelux, Saharanpur selection, Red Gold and Independence etc. cultivars are being produced and evaluating for behavioral, climatic adaptation, fruit quality and bud burst to dormancy stage (days ranged from 230 to 330 days in all available cultivars) at above research farm. During the study, the peach fruit average weight ranged from 52.06 to 129.82 g, fruit length ranged from 36.33 to 61.67 mm and width was 48.22 to 62.92 mm. The total soluble sugar content recorded in the above cultivars was 9.46-16.34-degree brix and titratable acidity recorded 0.24 mL to 1.1 mL/100 mL fruit juice. The thickness of the pulp was 16.02 mm to 26.34 mm and after drying 100 g of the pulp, 10.65 to 16.98 g of dry pulp was obtained. Stone average weight was recorded 3.44 to 7.61 g while length and width ranged from 21.49 to 37.09 mm and 14.61 to 26.27 mm respectively. The Pulp: Stone ratio of studied cultivars ranged from 8.79 to 16.41 while TSS: Acidity ranged from 8.6 to 52.70 mL/100mL.
Authors :
Jitender Kumar, K. K. Pramanick, A. K. Shukla and Santosh Watpade
ICAR-IARI, Regional Station (C&HC), Amartara Cottage, Shimla (HP), India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.25
Price: 251
Impact of Integrated Nutrient Management Practices on Soil Biological Properties
By: Jitendra Singh Bamboriya , H.S. Purohit , Gajanand Jat , S.D. Bamboriya
Page No : 241-248
Abstract
Soil microbial community keeps the soil healthy and fertile therefore their optimal presence is needed for sustaining the crop production to meet the basic needs of future generation. Therefore, a nutrient management trial was conducted to find out the best nutrient sources and their combinations which may improve overall soil biological health. Soil samples were collected from 0-15 cm soil depth after harvesting of maize crop during two cropping seasons. The samples were tested in laboratory following standard protocols. Application of PEC combined with 75% of NPK and bio-fertilizers inoculation is a good strategy to improve soil biological quality for sustainable agriculture.
Authors :
Jitendra Singh Bamboriya : Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Soil Science, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur (Rajasthan), India.
H.S. Purohit : Emeritus Professor, Department of Soil Science, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur (Rajasthan), India.
Gajanand Jat : Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Science, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur (Rajasthan), India.
S.D. Bamboriya : Subject Matter Specialist, Department of Agronomy, KVK, Nagaur-II, Agriculture University, Jodhpur (Rajasthan), India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.26
Price: 251
Effect of some Micronutrients on Biomass, Latex Yield, Sugar and Chlorophylls of Euphorbia antisyphilitica
By: Ashwani Kumar , Shobha Johari
Page No : 249-256
Abstract
E. antisyphilitica is a plant of bioenergy interest. It is a woody shrub tolerant enough to dry conditions of deserts. Earlier work on this plant revealed it suitable for soils of Rajasthan. This led us to study to enhance its growth and productivity so that its suitability for biofuel production can be ascertained. One of the aspects to increase plant growth is to supplement it with proper nutrients. Hence experiments were conducted with different concentrations of micronutrients manganese, iron and molybdenum in the form of manganous sulphate, ferrous sulphate and ammonium molybdate respectively. Plants were allowed to grow for four months and then harvested and analysed for parameters biomass, hexane extractables, sugars and chlorophylls. Biomass of this plant is useful as raw wood while its latex is a promising hydrocarbon yielding source which was extracted with hexane. Results found were very positive for all the nutrients and best suitable dose were find out for each micronutrient.
Authors :
Shobha Johari : Associate Professor (Botany) L.B.S. Government College, Kotputli.
Ashwani Kumar : Former HOD, Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.27
Price: 251
A Sample Study of Agricultural Development
By: Sharda , Dheer Singh Shekhawat
Page No : 257-267
Abstract
Agriculture plays a key role in the development of any region. The development of human civilization was possible only after the mankind started agriculture. However the growth of agriculture in a particular region differs based on climate, soil, rainfall and proper agricultural practices over a period of time. The present study attempts to highlight the development of agriculture in the study area during the last 20 years. Attempts are also made to find out the effect of modern agriculture on ecology and to identify the effect of environmental changes on agricultural crops (Kumar et al., 2018; Kumar et al., 2020). During present studies two parameters have been considered, i.e., (i) agriculture development based variables and (ii) social development based variables. Charkhi Dadri District is one of the 22 districts of Haryana state in northern India. District Charkhi Dadri is located 112.6 km of India’s capital New Delhi and 295 km of Haryana capital Chandigarh. Charki Dadri comprises of two sub-divisions (Charkhi Dadri and Badhra) and two tehsils (Charkhi Dadri and Badhra) and one sub-tehsil (Bond kalan). District Charkhi Dadri is located between 28.5921?N Latitude and 76.2653?E Longitude respectively (https://charkhidadri.gov.in/). In four blocks of Charkhi Dadri district, Charkhi Dadri, Badhra, Jhojhu and Bond Kalan. Charkhi Dadri and Bond Kalan block have good soil fertility potential (https://charkhidadri.gov.in/) while in Badhra and Jhojhu most of the area is covered with sandy soil. Agricultural and social development in four blocks of Charkhi Dadri has been studied and results are presented.
Authors :
Sharda and Dheer Singh Shekhawat
Department of Geography, Jayoti Vidyapeeth Women’s University (Jaipur).
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.28
Price: 251
Effect of Different Organic and Inorganic Source of Nutrients on Growth Parameters and Productivity of Black gram
By: Gajanand Jat , Barkha Rani , D. P. Singh , Shanker lal Sunda
Page No : 269-276
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to assessment of organic and inorganic source of nutrients on growth parameters and productivity of black gram (Vigna mungo L.) cultivar “PU-31”. An investigation was taken up during kharif season of 2019-20 at the Instructional Farm, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur. The experiment was laid down in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. The treatments comprised of four levels of organic source i.e. Control, (PEC1 ) Phospho-enriched compost@2t/ha+Foliar spray@10% vermiwash, (PEC2 ) Phospho-enriched compost@4t/ha+Foliar spray@10%vermiwash, (PEC3 ) Phospho-enriched compost@6t/ha+Foliar spray@10% vermiwash and four level of inorganic source i.e. control, (F1 ) RDF, (F2 ) RDF + foliar spray@ 1% salicylic acid, (F3 ) RDF + foliar spray@ 1% salicylic acid + foliar spray of Zn 0.5%. The results revealed that all plant growth parameters, seed, straw and biological yield of black gram were found highest with the combined application of Phospho-enriched compost @ 6t/ha + Foliar spray @ 10% vermiwash and RDF + foliar spray @ 1% salicylic acid + foliar spray of Zn 0.5% which was statically at par with Phospho-enriched compost @ 4t/ha + Foliar spray @ 10% vermiwash and RDF + foliar spray @ 1% salicylic acid + foliar spray of Zn 0.5% during both the years and in pooled analysis.
Authors :
Barkha Rani : Ph. D. Scholar Department of Soil Science & Agriculture Chemistry, RCA, MPUAT, Udaipur.
D. P. Singh : Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Science & Agriculture Chemistry, RCA, MPUAT, Udaipur.
Gajanand Jat : Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Science & Agriculture Chemistry, RCA, MPUAT, Udaipur.
Shanker lal Sunda : Ph. D. Scholar Department of Soil Science & Agriculture Chemistry, RCA, MPUAT, Udaipur
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.29
Price: 251
Review on Plant Protease Inhibitors as Therapeutic Molecules
By: Sangeeta A. Godbole , Sopan N. Kharat
Page No : 277-288
Abstract
Plants contain several phytochemical compounds with capacity to exert therapeutic effects on human beings. One such group of molecules are the Protease inhibitors (PIs) which exert inhibitory activity towards several classes of mammalian, bovine, insect or microbial proteinases/proteases. PIs are polypeptides or proteins capable of forming reversible stoichiometric protein–protein complexes with specific proteolytic enzymes. This inhibits the catalytic function of proteolytic enzymes. Study of PIs is important to control proteolysis as it is the key to control the onset of several disease associated phenomena. Although initially, PIs were considered only as protein degrading enzymes, recent studies point them to be signalling molecules in biological activities.
In this article, various classes of plant protease inhibitors and their general mode of actions are discussed. The families belonging to the serine protease class of inhibitors (Serpins) are discussed in detail as these constitute an important class of therapeutically important molecules.
Data available on the use of PIs for treating a wide range of human diseases and disorders including the still incurable cancers is reviewed. Literature review confirms wide and successful use of Proteasome inhibitors (with similar activities to PIs) in treatment of haematological malignancies. Synthetic proteasome inhibitors are employed to inhibit the proteasome cascades and thus control disease onset and proliferation. Sharing the similar biological activities with the proteasome inhibitors, gives potential for the plant-based PIs to be experimented for similar uses. An attempt is made to report PIs from several plant species and their ongoing clinical trials to study their therapeutic actions.
Authors :
Sangeeta A. Godbole : Associate Professor, Head Department of Botany, Jai Hind College, Churchgate, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Sopan N. Kharat : Assistant Professor, Head Department of Botany, SSR College of ACS, Silvassa, UT of DNH and DD, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.30
Price: 251
Mitigation of Copper and Zinc Stress in Maize Plants by Inoculation with Azotobacter sp
By: Gopakumar Pillai , Soni Pinkesh Kumar Patel
Page No : 289-299
Abstract
Excessive concentration of heavy metals in soil affects the fertility and can have deleterious effects on plants and microorganisms thriving in the soil. With decreasing soil fertility and expanding population, the issue of sustainable food security is gaining momentum. Maize (Zea mays), one of the commercially important crops, is adversely affected by increased concentration of the heavy metals, Copper and Zinc. Plant nutrient requirements can be effectively met using bio fertilizers while reducing the dependency on chemical fertilizers. Azotobacter sp. has been proved to be an efficient bio fertilizer for a variety of crops. Two rapidly growing isolates of Azotobacter sp. (viz. Isolates A and B) were obtained from rhizospheric soil samples and their cultural, microscopic and biochemical characteristics were studied. Isolate A tolerated Cu and Zn concentrations till 0.4% while isolate B showed tolerance till 0.4% of Zn and 0.6% of Cu. Exopolysaccharide produced by isolate A showed 48% copper bio sorption. Both isolates exhibited plant growth promoting traits like IAA production, ammonia production and phosphate solubilisation. Tryptophan supplementation enhanced IAA levels. Maximum IAA production was seen with isolate A (41.49 µg/mL) followed by isolate B (40.55 µg/mL). Phosphate solubilisation was observed to be more effectively carried out by isolate A. Increasing concentration of Cu and Zn had a severe impact on germination and growth of plants. However, inoculation of isolate A and B supported growth of plants under Cu and Zn stress (maximum concentration 0.4%). Inoculation showed significant improvement in biomass content, relative water content and chlorophyll concentrations of maize plants under stress.
Authors :
Gopakumar Pillai and Soni Pinkesh Kumar Patel
Department of Biotechnology, Pillai College of Arts, Commerce and Science (Autonomous), Dr. K. M. Vasudevan Pillai Campus, Maharashtra, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.31
Price: 251
Minimizing Allelopathic Effect of Grewia optiva on Germination and Growth of Finger Millet Using Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria
By: Rakesh Singh , Yashwant Singh Tariyal , J.S. Chauhan
Page No : 301-310
Abstract
Interaction among plant species has both beneficial and harmful effect on one or both the species. It plays an imperative role in the plant growth and survival. Grewia optiva (Bhimal) is widely grown fodder tree usually grown on boundaries of crop fields. The plant is reported to have allelopathic effect on crop growth but its importance as a fodder tree cannot be ignored. The present investigation is carried out with Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains (Pseudomonas FP-11 and Bacillus BS-10) in alleviating allelochemical (biotic) stress of Grewia optiva (Bhimal) on Finger millet. Due to presence of Grewia optiva leaf extract there was inhibition in germination, reduction in seedling fresh and dry weight, root and shoot length of finger millet in contrast to control. This inhibition was recovered with PGPR treatment of Pseudomonas FP-11 and Bacillus BS-27. The results indicated that the seeds inoculation with PGPR strains under allelochemical stress significantly improved germination, plant growth, vigour and chlorophyll contents of leaf. The root length, shoot length, seedling length, seedling fresh and dry weight were also considerably increased by seeds treatment with PGPR. The plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Pseudomonas FP-11 strain and Bacillus BS-10 strain in combination could alleviate allelopathic effect of Grewia optiva on finger millet. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) was observed replacing the use of chemicals in agriculture, horticulture practices. This is due to the emerging demand for minimizing harmful impacts and utilization of chemical products to the growing necessity of sustainable agriculture within a holistic apparition of development and to emphasize environmental protection.
Authors :
Rakesh Singh : Department of Seed Science & Technology, HNB Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India.
Yashwant Singh Tariyal : High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre, HNB Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India.
J.S. Chauhan : Department of Seed Science & Technology, HNB Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.32
Price: 251
Effect of Benzylaminopurine on Growth, Flowering and Postharvest Performance of Antirrhinum majus L.
By: Irfana Amin , Shabana Gulzar , Inayatullah Tahir
Page No : 311-314
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to study the effect of graded concentrations of Benzylaminopurine (BAP) on the growth, flowering and postharvest performance in Antirrhinum majus. Plants were raised in pot soil culture in 25 cm earthenware pots. BAP was applied as a foliar spray at 1, 5 and 25 mgl-1 concentrations. Plants were sprayed at 4, 12 and 16 weeks after transplantation. For each concentration there were five pots, besides a set of five pots each for the distilled water control and tween control. BAP at 25 mgl-1 concentration was effective in increasing plant height, fresh mass, dry mass and the number of laterals; besides resulting in the early emergence of floral buds. BAP particularly at 1 mgl-1 concentration was effective in enhancing the postharvest longevity of spikes and blooms in plain water. The results suggest that BAP as the foliar application can be effective in enhancing the pre and postharvest conditions of Antirrhinum majus.
Authors :
Irfana Amin : Department of Botany, Srinagar Women’s College Srinagar, Zakura.
Shabana Gulzar : Department of Botany, Govt. Women’s College, M.A Road, Srinagar
Inayatullah Tahir : Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.33
Price: 251
Effect of Salinity and Alleviating Role of Gibberellic Acid (GA3) for Improving the Morphological and Biochemical Aspects of Vigna radiata L
By: C. Janani , B. Sundararajan , Nagamala , B. D. Ranjitha Kumari
Page No : 315-325
Abstract
Plant growth hormones assume important role in the development and conduct measure in the plant. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of gibberellic acid on morphological and biochemical factors of green gram under salinity stress. This study was carried out to determine the outcome of salt pressure (sodium chloride (NaCl), 0–100 µM) on the development and biochemical exercises of mung bean. Pre-dousing the seeds with 5 µM GA3 was appeared to improve the harmful impacts of salinity in most of the cases. The results of the study demonstrated that NaCl treatment evoked the decrease in development attributes of mung bean plant by diminishing the shoot and root lengths, number of leaves, and all out region of leaves just as new loads of shoot and base of mung bean plants. Moreover, centralization of 75 µM of salt altogether diminished photosynthetic colors content incorporate chlorophyll; decreases sugars; protein substance; all out free amino acids; phenols; starch; all out solvent sugars; and movement of cell reinforcement catalysts of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase, and catalase (CAT). In this examination, usage of grouping of GA3 (5 µM) lighten the effects of salinity to consider biochemical elements like shade content; decreasing sugars; protein substance; all out free amino acids; phenols; starch; absolute solvent sugars; and action of cancer prevention agent catalysts of SOD, peroxidase, and catalase.
Authors :
C. Janani : Department of Biotechnology, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
B. Sundararajan : College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China.
Nagamala: Department of Botany, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
B. D. Ranjitha Kumari : Department of Botany, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.34
Price: 251
Phytochemical Analysis and Extraction of Lutein using Column Chromatography from Tagetes and Aster plants
By: Bhakti Sawant , Vibha Gupta
Page No : 327-331
Abstract
The Asteraceae is one of the widespread family of Angiosperms and is well known for the presence of flavonoids, glycosides and other bioactive constituents. They are reported to have antifungal, antioxidant properties and thus have generated lots of interest in curing and preventing many diseases. In the present study, phytochemical analysis using ethanol, petroleum and chloroform extracts of Aster and Tagetes dried flower samples were analyzed. The phytochemicals such as carbohydrates, alkaloids, glycosides were observed in all extracts of both plant samples except tannins and anthraquinone glycoside chemical tests gave negative results in Aster plant extract. The dried flower sample of both plants were also subjected to column chromatography for separation of Lutein (a fat-soluble xanthophyll). Best results in isolation of Lutein sample were obtained using hexane: ethyl acetate (90:10) mobile phase.
Authors :
Bhakti Sawant and Vibha Gupta
Botany Department, G. N. Khalsa College, Matunga, Mumbai.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.35
Price: 251
GC-MS based Phytochemical Profiling of n-Hexane extracts of Curcuma angustifolia Roxb. rhizomes
By: Pravith P Warrier , Madhavi R Badole
Page No : 333-341
Abstract
Curcuma angustifolia Roxb. is a herb species in the family Zingiberaceae. The species has a high nutritional value, particularly as a starch source for Indian dishes and medicines. Curcuma angustifolia Roxb. is also utilized for therapeutic purposes, such as healing worms and stomach aches, according to the local healers. The present work is carried out as a part of standardization of Curcuma angustifolia Roxb. The rhizome powder is extracted in n-Hexane and the extract is subjected to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) analysis for phytochemical profiling. An initial phytochemical screening has been performed on the n-Hexane extract to study the nature of phytoconstituents present. The results of preliminary screening study combined with the data from the GC-MS analysis provides an update on the phytoconstituents present in the n-Hexane extract. This data can help in further isolation of phytoconstituents and evaluation of their bioactivities. The study also enhances the possibility of usage of rhizome part of Curcuma angustifolia Roxb. as a herbal drug product in the future.
Authors :
Pravith P Warrier and Madhavi R Badole
Department of Chemistry, Ramnarain Ruia Autonomous College, Matunga, Mumbai 400019.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.36
Price: 251
A comparative GC-MS analysis of bioactive compounds in ethyl acetate fruit extract of Phyllanthus emblica L. growing in two phyto-geographically contrasting regions of west Bengal, India
By: Chandan K Acharya , Naureen S Khan , Nithar R Madhu
Page No : 343-355
Abstract
The Phyllanthus emblica L. has an interesting combination of ingredients. Fruit that grows in several parts of West Bengal, particularly the North Bengal Hill Slope and Jhargram, was researched using an ethyl acetate-based method. The spectrums of the individual components were compared to the library of previously identified spectrums using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and were done so on a Factor Four TM capillary column (VF-5 ms, 30 m, 0.2 mm id, 0.25 m film thickness; Varian, Middelburg, The Netherlands). Unsaturated alcohols such as Campesterol and alkanes such as N-Hexatriacontane were discovered as phytochemical components in the Jhargram fruit sample. Phenolic substances such as 1, 3, 3-Trimethyl-1-(4’-tri methyl silyl oxy phenyl)-6-trimethylsilyloxyindane, Phytosterol, and other organic compounds such as alkanes were also found. In the North Bengal sample, the phytoconstituents identified are alkenes such as 1-cyclohexyl-1(-4-ethyl cyclo hexyl) ethane and 17-pentatriacontene. The present study also revealed that the bioactive phytoconstituents like Lanost-8-ene, Stigmast-5-en-3-ol, oleate, 1,3,3-Trimethyl-1-(2’-trimethyl silyl oxyphenyl)-6-trimethylsilyloxyindane etc. in Jhargram Sample and heterocycle like Benzo (b) naphtho (2, 3, d) furan, steroid like Olean-12-ene and alcohol like Ergosterol in the north Bengal sample has a high percentage of abundance. The discovery of these chemicals is proof that the plant’s fruits may be used to treat various medical issues, a point that can be used as an argument in support of the plant’s agricultural and industrial value.
Authors :
Chandan K Acharya : Ph D Research Scholar, Department of Life Science, Dr. C.V. Raman University, Kargi road, Kota, Bilaspur, C.G. India, State aided College Teacher, Department of Botany, Bajkul Milani Mahavidyalaya, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India.
Naureen S Khan : Assistant Professor, Department of Life Science, Dr. C.V. Raman University, Kargi road, Kota, Bilaspur, C.G. India
Nithar R Madhu : Associate Professor, Department of Zoology, Acharya Prafulla Chandra College, New Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.37
Price: 251
Phytochemical Profiling and GC-MS analysis of n-Hexane extract of Lavandula bipinnata (Roth) Kuntze leaves
By: SmitaViplav Sawant , Seema Sambhaji Kokitkar
Page No : 357-363
Abstract
Plants are used as a source of medicine since ancient times. Lavandula bipinnata (Roth) Kuntze belongs to the family Lamiaceae, species of this family known to have medicinal properties. However, very little work has been done on Lavandula bipinnata. Present study was designed to identify the phyto-components in the n-hexane extract of leaves of Lavandula bipinnata. GC-MS analysis was performed using Perkin Elmer Clarus 600C GCMS system with single Quadrupole mass analyzer. The qualitative phytochemical analysis of n-hexane extract of leaves revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, phenols, tannins and quinones. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of seventeen bioactive compounds which include Hexadecane, Octadecane, n-Hexadecanoic acid, 17- Pentatriacontene, Phthalic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, Heptadecane, 2, 6, 10, 15-tetramethyl-, Squalene, Hentriacontane and Eicosane. The Phytochemical and GC-MS profiling of n-hexane extract of leaves of Lavandula bipinnata showed the presence of bioactive compounds with important medicinal properties. Therefore, it is recommended as a potential plant of phytopharmaceutical value.
Authors :
SmitaViplav Sawant and Seema Sambhaji Kokitkar
Department of Biotechnology, Changu Kana Thakur College of Arts, Commerce and Science, New Panvel, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.38
Price: 251
Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potential of n-butanol Fraction of Ethanolic Extract of A. muricata L. Leaves
By: Haripriya. R , P. Thirumalai Vasan
Page No : 365-375
Abstract
The tropical plant, Annona muricata has diverse health benefits and exhibits pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer properties. The n-butanol fraction of the ethanolic leaf extract was derived from the plant using Soxhlet-extraction which is followed by qualitative and quantitative determination of phytoconstituents present in the leaf extract. The qualitative determination reveals the primary and secondary metabolites where anthraquinone was reported to be absent. The leaf extract was subjected to antimicrobial activity using Agar well diffusion assay which confirmed the antibacterial and antifungal property against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans respectively. The free radical scavenging property (antioxidant activity) of the phytochemicals present in the leaf extract was confirmed by DPPH assay and maximum inhibition of 87% of free radicals were observed at lowest concentration (100 µg/mL) and the IC50 value was found to be 59.72 µg/mL showing 50% of inhibition. The HPLC and GCMS analysis of the n-butanol fraction of ethanol extract of leaf confirmed the high abundance of phytoconstituents required for antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.
Authors :
Haripriya. R : Research scholar, PG and Research Department of Biotechnology, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, T.V.Kovil, Trichy.
P. Thirumalai Vasan : Head, PG and Research Department of Biotechnology, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, T.V. Kovil, Trichy.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.39
Price: 251
Larvicidal Activity and Chemical Characterization of Essential Oil Obtained from Callistemon citrinus
By: Chachad, Devangi P , Mondal Manoshree , Dias Analise , Uniyal Kajal , Varma Unnati , Jadhav Pradeep , Satvekar Trupti , Ghag – Sawant Mrunal , Doshi Nishit
Page No : 377-382
Abstract
More than 100 countries suffer from mosquito-borne diseases which are prevalent across the world. They are the known vectors for transmission of dengue, malaria, yellow fever, filariasis, Japanese encephalitis, schistosomiasis etc. Many of the insecticides that are currently used in mosquito control have harmful effects on human health and other non-target populations, they are non-biodegradable in nature, and also have a higher rate of biomagnification in our ecosystem. The spike in insecticide resistance on a global scale is raising serious concerns. Therefore, search for natural, eco-friendly alternatives such as bio-insecticides is imperative. In this study, Larvicidal activity of the essential oil obtained from the leaves of Callistemon citrinus was tested on the Dengue vector mosquito Aedes aegypti and Chikungunya vector mosquito Culex sp. Also, the chemical composition of the essential oil was studied using GC-MS analysis. Callistemon citrinus can now be considered one of such bio-insecticides which is easily available throughout India, with many therapeutic active constituents in its essential oil and 80-100% larvicidal activity..
Authors :
Chachad, Devangi P, Mondal Manoshree, Dias Analise, Uniyal Kajal, Varma Unnati
Research Laboratory, Botany Department, Jai Hind College, Churchgate, Mumbai.
Jadhav Pradeep, Satvekar Trupti, Ghag – Sawant Mrunal and Doshi Nishit
Zoonosis Department, Haffkine Institute for Training, Research and Testing, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.40
Price: 251
Chromatographic Profiling of Medicinally Important Compounds, ß-sitosterol and ?-amyrin in Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. ex Schult.
By: Nagaveni. C , Rajanna. L.
Page No : 382-387
Abstract
Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. ex Schult is a medicinally important herbal plant whose extract is known to have many significant therapeutic properties such as antihyperglycemic, urolithic, lithotriptic, anthelmintic, antihyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective also with few antioxidant and anti-microbial attributes. This present chromatographic study reports a comparative quantitative analysis of medicinally important compounds ?-sitosterol and qualitative analysis of ?-amyrin in in-vivo and in-vitro grown plants of A. lanata (L). However, the normal in-vitro plants contained 52.85% lesser ?-sitosterol than the wild ones but in-vitro plants influenced by chemical mutagens showed a significant increase of 104.76% than the wild plants in HPLC profiling. The bands indicating ?-amyrin in TLC columns also depicted similar results of decrease of bandwidth in in-vitro plants and visually significant increased bandwidth in chemically induced in-vitro plants.
Authors :
Nagaveni. C and Rajanna. L
Department of Botany, Bangalore University, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.41
Price: 251
Role of Rhizobia to Improve Zinc Phytoremediation by Legumes
By: Neha Batra , Ameeta Sharma
Page No : 389-402
Abstract
High metal availability arising from mining and industrial activities, disposal of sludge or soil acidification, is an important problem in agricultural and forestry. Plants exposed to high concentrations of metals must respond in order to avoid the deleterious effects of metal toxicity at the structural, physiological and molecular levels. Plant strategies for coping with metal toxicity are genotype-specific and at least to some extent, modulated by environmental conditions. Physiology and biochemistry with regard to phytotoxicity, uptake and transport of Zinc and tolerance and its characterization were studied in Vigna unguiculata plants. Parameters studied were photosynthetic pigments, proline content, lipid peroxidation content, protein content, relative water content and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1; CAT, EC 1.11.1.6; APX, EC 1.11.1.11). Metal stress inhibits chlorophyll activity and induces alterations in protein level. Increase in CAT, SOD and APX activity along with RWC was seen at the earlier stages with the decline at the last stages of plant growth. An immense increase in the proline and MDA content was observed. This may possibly be due to either down regulation of photosynthesis or photo inhibition process. Further, Rhizobium was used as soil fertilizer to prevent the stress of Zinc on growing Vigna unguiculata. The experiment tolerance index of plants was increased in the presence of Rhizobium than in their absence in polluted soil. Our results demonstrate that cowpea plants perform better when amended with Rhizobium under metal stress, as indicated by a lower sensitivity to photoinhibition, proline accumulation and higher antioxidant enzyme activity.
Authors :
Neha Batra and Ameeta Sharma
Department of Biotechnology, IIS (Deemed to be University), Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.42
Price: 251
Abstract
The two basic approaches to manufacture NPs are the top-down and bottom-up techniques. Bottom-up approach is the alternative approach to the physical method of synthesis of NPs, which has the potential of creating less waste and hence being more economical. Nanoparticles from green synthesis have been getting an increasing advantage due to it being a cost effective and eco-friendly method for nanomaterial synthesis. The present investigation focuses on the biological synthesis, characterization of biogenic nanoparticles using extracellular filtrate of Aspergillus flavus. The characterization of synthesised silver nanoparticles has been done using techniques such as UV-Vis Spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). The maximum peak was observed at 426 nm in UV-vis spectroscopy after every 5 minutes. In order to identify the presence of functional groups in extracellular fungal filtrate which was used for bioreduction of silver and capping of silver nanoparticles, FTIR analysis has been carried out. The spherical aggregate shaped silver nanoparticles synthesized by A. flavus ranged from 7-50 nm confirmed in TEM as well as in NTA.
Authors :
Aadity Saitawadekar and Umesh B. Kakde
Department of Botany, The Institute of Science, Mumbai, India.
By: Aadity Saitawadekar , Umesh B. Kakde
Page No : 403-409
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.43
Price: 251
In-Silico Studies for the Inhibition of Proprotein Convertase Furin using Synthetic Compound Databases to see the Effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 Transmission
By: Gursimran Kaur Uppal , Aparna Patil Kose , Saiprasad Ajgaonkar , Nilesh Pal , Suraj Sen
Page No : 411-420
Abstract
In December 2019, cases of the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a new betacoronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), were first reported in Wuhan, China. These cases were characterized by acute pneumoniaassociated symptoms, such as fever, dry cough, chills, shortness of breath, and muscle pain. On comparing SARS-CoV-2 with SARS-CoV, significant differences were observed in the sequence of the S gene of SARSCoV-2, including three short insertions in the N-terminal domain, changes in four out of five of the crucial residues in the receptor-binding motif, and the presence of an unexpected furin cleavage site at the S1/ S2 boundary of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein. This insertion is a novel feature that differentiates SARS-CoV-2 from SARS-CoV and several SARS-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoVs). The SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) protein, which is the viral protein responsible for binding the ACE2 receptor on the host cell. Prior to and after attachment, the S needs to be activated by cellular proteases (e.g. furin, TMPRSS2), triggering the virus’ entry into the target cell. Presence of a multibasic site, an amino acid motif recognised by furin protease, and whose cleavage activates the S protein. Hence researchers are exploring furin inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 infection. In our study we have performed virtual screening of natural and synthetic compounds with furin structure (PDB ID: 5JXH). The docking and ADMET results showed that Nafamostat, DAPI, Propamidine, Hydroxystilbamide compounds showed similar activity as per standard drug Diminizine (anti-parasitic drug). Nafamostat compound has shown highest binding affinity with -9.1 kcal/mol against the furin enzyme target and hence it could be considered as a potential inhibitor drug.
Authors :
Gursimran Kaur Uppal, Aparna Patil Kose
Department of Bioinformatics, Guru Nanak Khalsa College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Saiprasad Ajgaonkar, Suraj Sen and Nilesh Pal
Post Graduate Students, Department of Bioinformatics, Guru Nanak Khalsa College of Arts, Science andCommerce, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.44
Price: 251
In-Silico Investigation of Phytochemicals as Antiageing Agents against Matrix Metalloproteinases using Molecular Docking Approach
By: Aparna Patil Kose , Shilpa N Potdar , Rupal A Mishra , Priyankal D Sharma
Page No : 421-428
Abstract
Photoageing is caused by the excitation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the skin, which is caused by UV light causing a disruption in the balance between MMPs and inhibitors in our bodies, resulting in collagen degradation and, as a result, wrinkles development. Antioxidant phytochemicals are being researched to minimise the oxidation processes caused by photoageing. Molecular docking was used to choose the optimal phytochemical with the highest binding affinity for MMPs. The study was carried out on 100 plants effective against wrinkles out of which 30 common phytochemicals were selected showing antioxidant properties. These selected phytochemicals were further targeted against nine types of MMPs responsible for wrinkle formation using molecular docking approach. Further, protein optimization was carried out in GROMACS software to enable successful docking. The docking analysis was performed using PyRx tool and the docked structures were visualized using Discovery Studio 4.1 Visualizer. It was observed on the basis of docking score that beta carotene, rutin and luteolin phytochemicals showed highest binding affinity with the target protein (9 types of MMP). The differences in binding affinities among the proteins were discovered in this docking research various protein-ligand complexes which confirms the potential target for ageing in order to stop wrinkle development.
Author :
Aparna H Patil Kose : Lecturer, Department of Bioinformatics, Guru Nanak Khalsa College of Arts, Science and Commerce (Autonomous), GNIRD, Mumbai, India.
Shilpa N Potdar, Rupal A Mishra and Priyankal D Sharma
Student, Department of Bioinformatics, Guru Nanak Khalsa College of Arts, Science and Commerce (Autonomous), GNIRD, Mumbai, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.45
Price: 251
Molecular Docking Studies of Selected Phytochemicals as Potent Inhibitors for Parkinson’s Disease: Approach to Anti-Parkinson’s Drug
By: Priyankal D Sharma , Shubham A Ghadge , Ananya R Chavan
Page No : 429-436
Abstract
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is neurodegenerative condition where persons suffers because of neuronal death caused by depleted dopamine levels which is neurotransmitter responsible for functioning of brain in substantia nigra (SN) part of mid-brain. To minimize this depletion of dopamine, phytochemicals having neuroprotective and antioxidant properties are studied. According to literature search 38 phytochemicals were selected showing neuroprotective and antioxidant properties. With molecular docking approach phytochemicals were docked against 6 selected Biological markers which are COMT, MAO-B, PINK1, BACE1, Alpha- synuclein, E3-PARKIN for Parkinson’s. The protein-ligand docking was performed using PyRx 0.8. Further interaction visualized on Discovery Studio Visualizer 21.1.0. The ligand Chrysin, Bicuculline and Hesperetin were showing best binding score against protein target. This docking study showed various protein-ligand interactions with varying binding energies. With some research, the best scored ligands can be used further to study their effects on in-vivo and in-vitro models.
Authors :
Shubham A Ghadge, Priyankal D Sharma and Ananya R Chavan
Department of FYIC Bioanalytical Sciences (GNIRD), Guru Nanak Khalsa College of Arts, Science and Commerce (Autonomous), Mumbai, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.46
Price: 251
In vitro Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity of Azadirachta indica Plant Extracts against Multi-drug Resistant and Biofilm Forming Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli
By: A. P. Nagrale , V. A. Kamble
Page No : 437-443
Abstract
Multi-drug resistance of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria to a wide variety of antibiotics has been linked to unwise use of the same antibiotics against infections in food and pet animals around the world, as well as in humans. The major factor contributing to microbial resistance is the microbes’ biofilm formation which allows them to withstand in extreme environmental conditions and antimicrobial agents. In the current study, multi-drug resistant and the biofilm forming E. coli and S. aureus strains have been isolated from the different types of specimens. Commercially available antibiotic discs were used for the study of multi-drug resistance patterns in the isolated strain and also studied with disc diffusion assay. The antibiotic susceptibility and biofilm forming ability of 76 E. coli and 57 S. aureus cultures isolated from the clinical samples were tested. Apart from multiple drug resistance traits, biofilm production by the microbe is one of the phenomena which renders multiple drug resistance to the isolate as well. Susceptibility testing of different solvent extracts of plants, namely Azadirachta indica. The sensitivity of all the plant leaf extract was assessed by the well diffusion method and determined in terms of inhibition zone diameter. The inhibitory activity against the clinical isolates reflects an inhibition zone range of 10 mm to 40 mm. All of the above biofilm producing isolates showed varying degrees of antimicrobial activity.
Authors :
A. P. Nagrale : Department of Microbiology, Shri. D.M. Burungale Science and Art’s College Shegaon, Dist: Buldana, Maharashtra, India.
V. A. Kamble : Department of Microbiology, Adarsha Science, J. B. Arts and Birla Commerce Mahavidyalaya, Dhamangaon Rly, Distt. Amravati.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.01.47
Price: 251
Obituary
By: No author
Page No : 445
New Arrivals (May 2022)
By: V. A. Kamble
Page No : 447-448
Jul-2022 to Dec-2022
Editorial
By: Ashwani Kumar
Editor in Chief
The Journal of Plant Science Research
Letter to the Editor
Francis Theodore Haxo (March 9, 1921–June 10, 2010): Innovator, Dedicated Biologist, and Grand Master of the Carotenoids in Marine Organisms
By: Govindjee Govindjee , Anitra Thorhaug
Page No : 449-454
Abstract
Francis Haxo has been known to us as a thoughtful, patient, and dedicated scientist of the highest order. As a genuine scholar, he meticulously mulled over ideas for years before publishing his research. One of us (GG) knew him through three other friends: Barbara B. Prézelin, 1948-2021; David (Dave) C. Fork, 1929-2020; Beatrice (Beazy) M. Sweeney, 1914-1989; additionally, Anitra Thorhaug (AT) knew him as she was the last student of Larry Blinks, with whom Haxo had worked with. Francis Haxo was generous to his students, but he took a long time to finalize and submit their papers—to ensure that all was well. We provide here a glimpse of his research after a brief note on his personal life—remembering him more than a decade after his death. He was an unsung hero and he deserves to be remembered by algal, marine, and plant biologists throughout the world. A thorough and detailed memorial to Francis Haxo and his research, will soon be published by Anitra Thorhaug, Graeme Berlyn, and Synnøve Liaaen-Jensen (2023).
Authors :
Govindjee Govindjee : Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center of Biophysics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), Urbana, Illinois, USA.
Anitra Thorhaug : Greater Caribbean Energy and Environment Foundation, 1359 SW 22 Terrace, Suite 1 Miami, Fl, USA.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.1
Price: 250
History & Biography
Reprinted, with permission, from Phycological Newsletter, Volume 58, Number 1, March 1, 2022, pages 11-20.
Govindjee, G. (2022) on the 1958 Historical Lecture of Robert (Bob) Emerson: Discovery of Auxiliary Pigments working in Synchrony with Chlorophyll a in Algae (Ed. Morris, J. J.# )
By: Govindjee Govindjee
Page No : 455-464
Author :
Govindjee Govindjee : Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.2
Price: 250
In Memoriam
Tadimeti Raja Rao (1930-2022): A Superb Plant Physiologist and Wonderful Mentor
By: Govindjee Govindjee , Harbans Kehri Kaur , Sheo Mohan Prasad , G.S.R. Murti
Page No : 475-484
Abstract
We honour here Tadimeti Raja Rao (1930-2022), a wonderful human being – who was a friend to many and a superb plant physiologist of our time. His research began with discoveries in organic acid metabolism in plants, and on the effects of virus infection on nitrogen metabolism. Raja Rao (also spelled as ‘Rajarao’) followed this research by providing novel and practical information on the effects of several growth regulators (hormones) on the physiology of many plants, particularly sugarcane, guava, Indian gooseberry, and gladiolus, among others. During his later academic life, he gave unique and valuable guidance to many for the improvement of ‘crop production’ which was vital for plant biotechnology. We end this tribute to Raja Rao with Reminiscences from his family (Sarada, his wife, and Visweswara Rao and Srinivasa Rao, their sons); his friends from Allahabad (Rajni Govindjee and Raj Prasad), and two of the co-authors (Sheo Mohan Prasad and G. S. R. Murti# ).
Authors :
Govindjee Govindjee : Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Harbans Kehri Kaur & Sheo Mohan Prasad : Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
G. S. R. Murti : Formerly at the Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta lake post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.3
Price: 250
Antioxidant Activities of Marine Green Algae 4 Species of a Genus Enteromorpha from Mandapam Coast, South India
By: P. Sona , G. Subramanian
Page No : 475-484
Abstract
The present study focused on determining the antioxidant properties of the Enteromorpha compressa (Linnaeus) Nees, Enteromorpha flexuosa (Wulfen) J. Agardh, Enteromorpha intestinalis (Linnaeus) Nees, and Enteromorpha prolifera (Müller) J. Agardh, ethanol crude extracts, from the green algae. The evaluation of antioxidant properties was estimated and determined by using ten standard methods namely 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), metal chelating activity, hydrogen peroxide radical assay, superoxide radical scavenging (SOD), reducing power, hydroxyl radical assay, nitric oxide (NO) scavenging assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and total antioxidant activity assay. The tested green algae also had antioxidant activity like algae diatom which are showing good antioxidant potential. These algae had a lesser radical scavenging ability than standard ascorbic acid. This study suggests that ethanol crude extracts contain different potential antioxidant compounds capable to scavenge different types of free radicals.
Authors:
P. Sona : Research Scholar, PG and Research Department of Botany, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
G. Subramanian : Assistant Professor, PG and Research Department of Botany, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.4
Price: 250
Isolation, Molecular Characterization and Mycochemical Analysis of Aspergillus quadrilineatus
By: Shaila M. , Nafeesa Begum
Page No : 485-495
Abstract
Secondary metabolites of microbial origin, either as pure compounds or crude extracts, provide opportunities for new drug development because of their chemical diversity. The aim of the present study is to isolate Molecular characterization and extract the bioactive compounds from the fungus of A. quadrilineatus (OL979151) in the rhizospheric soil of sunflower and mustard crop fields in Davanagere region. Dilution plate technique was used to isolate the rhizosphere fungi. The total genomic DNA was extracted from isolate of Aspergillus quadrilineatus based on Cetrimide Tetradecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB). Mass production of the fungal mat of A. quadrilineatus was established on potato dextrose broth medium. The dried methanol extract of fungus was subjected to HR-LCMS analysis; Methanol extract of A. quadrilineatus fungus shows that the compounds Amobarbital, Pirbuterol, Bambuterol, Cilazaprilat, Oxotremorine, Aminopyrine and Oryzanol as the major constituents. The compounds exhibit analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties and various therapeutic uses.
Authors :
Shaila M & Nafeesa Begum : Department of Botany, Sahyadri Science College, Kuvempu University, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.5
Price: 250
Understanding Physiological Basis of Senescence in Ailanthus excelsa Leaves
By: Upma Bhatt , Manish Mali , Shubhangani Sharma , Vineet Soni
Page No : 497-502
Abstract :
Leaf senescence is a major developmental event, in which leaves turns yellowing and cells passes through a series of physiological and biochemical changes, including a large metabolic shift from anabolism to catabolism, resulting in nutrition redistribution. Since dynamic protein trafficking transforms massive macromolecular complexes into transportable products through which cellular structures such as chloroplasts, nucleus and cell membrane are disintegrated. The chlorophyll fluorescence measurement can detect the physiological changes in leaves during senescence. Therefore, the OJIP-transient, leaf model and membrane model were studied to understand the photosynthetic process during senescence. The depression OJIP-transient curve and Fm shows reduction in PIcs. The increase in antenna size of LHCs ABS/RC and TR/RC increased but the phenomenological fluxes reduced, which illustrates the inhibition of electron transport chain in S5 (last stage of senescence). Although the absorption increased, but electron transport ceased so that DI/CS and DI/RC enhanced which directly influence ?Po and the leaf ultimately die.
Authors :
Upma Bhatt, Manish Mali, Shubhangani Sharma and Vineet Soni
Plant Bioenergetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.6
Price: 250
Remodeling of Anti-oxidant Systems, Chlorophyll Contents, and Productivity in Peanut Genotypes under Waterlogging Stress
By: Upma Bhatt , Shubhangani Sharma , Vineet Soni , Jyotshana Sharma
Page No : 503-512
Abstract:
Many crops are affected by heavy rains and subsequent periods of waterlogging during the maturity phase. Therefore, waterlogging effect on antioxidative enzyme activity, chlorophyll content, lipid peroxidation, and grain yield were investigated using two contrasting genotypes of peanut: the waterlogging-tolerant line, DH-86, and the waterlogging-sensitive line, TAG-24, to better understand the biochemical and physiological mechanisms of waterlogging tolerance. Under the greenhouse environment, potted peanut plants were waterlogged up to 60 days after sowing. The activities of the antioxidant enzyme were measured by comparing the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and guaiacol peroxidase (POD) activities between waterlogging-tolerant and waterlogging-sensitive genotypes of peanut. The early stimulation of their anti-oxidant systems was responsible for variation in tolerance levels between the two genotypes. The increased, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities played a significant role in DH-86 in maintaining productivity and growth to recover from waterlogging stress. The susceptibility of TAG-24 was associated with lipid peroxidation damage, a reduction in chlorophyll concentration, and antioxidant enzyme activity. The photosynthate accumulation in the stems and leaves was caused by an imbalance of the source-sink relationship, and this is the principal reason for yield loss under waterlogging. TAG-24 reduced more grain yield than DH-86, most likely because more photosynthate was accumulated in the stem and leaves of TAG-24 and could not be transported to the pod efficiently. According to these findings, the better protection of DH-86 from waterlogging-induced oxidative damage is because of the maintenance of the enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity and induced grain yield capacity.
Authors :
Shubhangani Sharma, Upma Bhatt, Jyotshana Sharma and Vineet Soni
Plant Bioenergetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.7
Price: 250
Traditional Phyto-therapeutic uses by Tribal People in Western Sundarbans: Henry Island, Fredric Island and Bakkhali, West Bengal, India
By: Chandan K Acharya , Naureen S Khan , Nithar R Madhu
Page No : 513-523
Abstract:
The exploration of the traditional phyto-therapeutic potential of any region can make sense for future novel drug discoveries. Several contemporary researchers engaged themselves to prove the traditional belief in the light of scientific interpretations in virtue of modern tools and techniques. Bearing in mind traditional knowledge, many modern medicines have been formulated now. Within this frame of reference, ethno-medicinal studies are of supreme preponderance. The rural people of Western Sundarbans: Henry Island, Fredric Island and Bakkhali regions of West Bengal, India, still trust indigenous plants to cure different types of diseases. The present study intends to explore ethno-medicinal plant wealth of the studied regions by enlisting their present status, parts used, mode of consumption, the purpose of uses, etc. Frequent field trips were carried out during the survey, and structured questionnaires collected information and interviews with the rural people, folk men and women. The study reveals 62 different plant species (17 herbs, 24 shrubs, 14 trees, 5 climbers, 2 types of grass) belonging to 34 families that have been principally used to treat different diseases.
Authors :
Chandan K Acharya : Research Scholar, Department of Life Science, Dr. C.V. Raman University, Kargi road, Kota, Bilaspur (C.G).
Naureen S Khan : Assistant Professor, Department of Life Science, Dr. C.V. Raman University, Kargi road, Kota, Bilaspur (C.G).
Nithar R Madhu : Assistant Professor, Department of Zoology, Acharya Prafulla Chandra College, New Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.8
Price: 250
Response of Indian Cultivar of Isabgol on Halopriming under the Saline Condition
By: Sandhya R. Verma , Hitesh Kumar Solanki
Page No : 525-531
Abstract:
Soil salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses that strongly affect seed germination in agriculture. In order to fulfill the need of demand in agriculture, seed priming is one of the promising techniques that enhance seed germination and uniformity. Isabgol, one of India’s important medicinal crops, has a low germination rate. In Gujarat state, Isabgol has considered a cash crop, serving as a source of income to the farmers. Gujarat state faces many challenges, and seawater ingress is one of the major issues creating salinity in the soil, affecting seed germination. This research was carried out to study the effects of seed priming on seed germination behavior of Gujarat Isabgol variety 4. The method where KNO3 was used for priming with two different salinity levels, 0 dS/m, and 5.3 dS/m. The experiment was a completely randomized design. In this experiment, germination traits like germination percentage, Mean Germination Time, plumule length, radicle length, seed vigour, and fresh weight were measured. Data were analyzed by using SPSS software. The present study shows that halopriming with KNO3 at a lower concentration was quite an effective treatment since it significantly increased some of the germination traits of Gujarat Isabgol variety 4.
Authors :
Sandhya R Verma : Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Botany, Bio-informatics, Climate Change Impacts Management, USSC, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
Hitesh Kumar Solanki :Professor, Department of Botany, Bio-informatics, Climate Change Impacts Management, USSC, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.9
Price: 250
Plant Latex- A Concise Review on the Exudate
By: Sanjukta Rajhans , Himanshu Pandya
Page No : 533-538
Abstract :
In this review article, an effort has been made to provide basic knowledge about plant latex. In this paper, the origin and evolutionary aspects of latex has been mentioned. The geographical distribution and classification along with the physical and anatomical traits have also been brought into limelight. Moreover, the presence of phytochemicals, proteins and variation of the content of rubber in latex has been referred in the paper respectively. This paper would be of great help in gaining deeper knowledge about the plant latex for future researches.
Authors:
Sanjukta Rajhans & Himanshu Pandya
Department of Botany, Bioinformatics, Climate Change Impacts Management Gujarat University, School of Sciences, Ahmedabad, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.10
Price: 250
Status of Indian Medicinal Plants in Terms of Antibacterial Activity (In vitro): A Review of Literature
By: Jyoti Rana , Jagriti Rana , Bhishm Dutt , Anand Sagar
Page No : 539-553
Abstract:
In present article, authors have reviewed status of Indian medicinal plants in term of their antibacterial properties (2011-2020). This paper provides general information about names of plants, areas of collection, their family, parts used and solvents used during their extraction. An overview of bacterial strains, methods and standards used for antibacterial activity has also been discussed.
Authors :
Jyoti Rana, Jagriti Rana, Bhishm Dutt and Anand Sagar
Department of Biosciences, H. P. U. Summerhill, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.11
Price: 250
Ethnomedicinal and Economic uses of Gymnosperms by Gujjar Tribes of Outer Seraj Area, Kullu District of Himachal Pradesh, Himalaya
By: Sunil Kumar Verma , Dushyant Kumar , Pawan Kumar Bhardwaj , Pop Rajanbir , S. P. Khullar
Page No : 555-567
Abstract:
The ethno-botanical data of total nine Gymnosperms belonging to three families were collected from the local people of the Karsog area and outer Seraj region of Himachal Pradesh. A complete list of the plants is given with their name, family and ethno botanical use, distribution and occurrence. Indigenous knowledge of local inhabitants about the use of native plants were collected during field trips through questionnaire The inhabitants of the area have to use the medicinal plants for various purposes and have for a long time been dependent on surrounding plant resources for their food, shelter, fodder’s, health, care and other cultural purposes. Pinus roxburghii, P. wallichiana, Cedrus deodara, Abies pindrow and Taxus wallichiana are prominent gymnosperms of outer Seraj region which are not only source of timber but also utilized as fuel wood and for medicinal purposes.
Authors :
Sunil Kumar Verma :Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, DAV College, Hoshiarpur, Punjab
Dushyant Kumar : Research Scholar, Department of Botany, SGTB Khalsa College, Shri Anandpur Sahib, Punjab.
Pawan Kumar Bhardwaj :Research Scholar, Department of Botany, SGTB Khalsa College, Shri Anandpur Sahib, Punjab.
Pop Rajanbir :Research Scholar, Department of Botany, SGTB Khalsa College, Shri Anandpur Sahib, Punjab.
S. P. Khullar : Professor Emeritus, Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.12
Price: 250
Diversity Assessment, Utilization Pattern and Indigenous uses of Plants in Shri Naina Devi Conservation Area in District Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh, North Western Himalayas
By: Pradeep Kumar , G K Dhingra , Rahul Chandora , L R Dangwal , Ajendra Singh Bagri , Ranjeeta Pundir , Sandeep Chand Upadhayay
Page No : 569-587
Abstract:
The Indian Himalayan region is one of the largest biodiversity hotspot in the world. In IHR most of the communities are lived in remote or rural area and are totally dependent on natural resources to fulfill their daily needs. Natural resources such as plant diversity is used as food, medicine, fodder, dye yielding, fuel, timber, rituals and various other function. Shri Naina Devi conservation reserve situated in Bilaspur districts of Himachal Pradesh has not been yet explored for plant diversity. The present study is carried out to assess the plant diversity and their utilization pattern and indigenous uses of the plants. A total 121 species recorded belonged from 107 genera and 57 families. Among these species shrub (26 spp.), tree (48 spp.), herb (47 spp.) were present. The families, Fabaceae (11 spp.), Asteraceae (10 spp.), Moraceae (8 spp.), Poaceae (7 spp.), Lamiaceae (4spp.), Solanaceae (4 spp ), Myrtaceae (4spp.) Brassicaceae (1 spp.); Euphorbiaceae (3 spp.); Rosaceae (3 spp.) were rich species. Among genera, Ficus (7 spp.), Allium (2 spp.), Bauhinia (2 spp.), Acacia (2 spp.), Cassia (2 spp.), Phyllanthus (2 spp.), Rumex (2 spp.), were the dominant genera. 91 species were of multipurpose utility and 30 species were monotypic. The species were used as medicine (107 spp.), food (27 spp.), fuel (37 spp.), fodder (57 spp.), ornamental (24 spp.) timber (9 spp.) and religious (6 spp.) by the inhabitants of the area. This paper gives the scientific name of wild plants along with common names, local names, family, life form, indigenous uses and plant part used by the local inhabitants of the area. Plant parts used such as whole plants, roots (including rhizomes and tubers), leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds and stems by the local people for curing various diseases.
Authors :
Pradeep Kumar : Department of Botany, Pt. L.M.S. Govt. PG College Rishikesh (Autonomous College), Uttarakhand, India.
G K Dhingra : Department of Botany, Pt. L.M.S. Govt. PG College Rishikesh (Autonomous College), Uttarakhand, India.
Rahul Chandora : ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resource, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India.
L R Dangwal : Department of Botany and Microbiology, H. N. B. Garhwal University, Srinagar, Uttrakhand, India.
Ajendra Singh Bagri : Department of Botany and Microbiology, H. N. B. Garhwal University, Srinagar, Uttrakhand, India.
Ranjeeta Pundir : Department of Chemistry, DSB Kumaun University Nainital, Uttarakhand, India.
Sandeep Chand Upadhayay : Department of Botany, DBS PG College Deharadun, Uttarakhand, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.13
Price: 500
Potential Resources of NTFPs and Socio-economic Empowerment in the Rural Economy of Telangana, India
By: Omkar Kanneboyena , Sateesh Suthari , M. Tarakeswara Naidu , Geetha Sarede , Sreeramulu Nallella
Page No : 589-602
Abstract:
Forests are very important resources for the livelihood, sustenance and for commerce generation to forest inhabitants. Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) such as medicinal, leaves, flowers (corolla), fruits, seeds, bamboos, gums, resins offer seasonal employment to local people and provide socio-economic empowerment in the rural economy. The present study focuses on the NTFPs as potential resources and their role in livelihoods improvement of rural people of Telangana, India. Hence, over exploitation and unscientific harvesting practices are the major threats for the loss of natural resources and the present study highly recommends the conceptual framework for the conservation and sustainable management of NTFPs for their bio-based economy potential to the poorest section of society.
Authors :
Omkar Kanneboyena : Department of Botany, Kakatiya Government College, Hanamkonda, Telangana, India.
Sateesh Suthari : Centre for Floristic and Ethnobotanical Studies, Department of Botany, Vaagdevi Degree & PG College, Hanamkonda, Telangana, India.
M. Tarakeswara Naidu : Department of Botany, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Geetha Sarede : Department of Botany, Kavitha Memorial Degree & PG College, Khammam, Telangana, India.
Sreeramulu Nallella : Department of Botany, Kakatiya Mahila Degree & PG College, Hanamkonda, Telangana, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.14
Price: 500
Study on Total Cyanide Content in Cassava Products Available in Kerala
By: Florence Treesa Winnie , Ashly Chandramohanan , Lakshmi Anil
Page No : 603-608
Abstract
The present study was an investigation to determine the amount of cyanogens present in various cassava products available in the local stores of Kerala and to study the possibility of deleterious effects as a result of consumption of high cyanide products. For this sago (Good life, Varalakshmi), round tapioca chips (Divine, Dev, Chipo), tapioca chips stick (Divine, Dev) were tested for its cyanide content using picrate method, in which sago (Good life, Varalakshmi) was found to be safe to consume. Tapioca chips (Divine, Chipo, Dev) and tapioca stick chips (Dev, Divine) are not safe to consume. Their cyanide content exceeds the standard level that can be present in the cassava products.
Authors :
Florence Treesa Winnie, Ashly Chandramohanan and Lakshmi Anil
Department of Botany, St. Berchmans College, Changanacherry, Kottayam, Kerala, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.15
Price: 500
Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities from Leaf and Stem Extracts of Clematis hedysarifolia DC. : An Ethnomedicinal Plant
By: Sonali Ramrao Gawali , Jitendra Y. Nehete
Page No : 609-614
Abstract
The pet ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and ethanol extracts of leaves and stems of plant Clematis hedysarifolia DC was assessed for their antimicrobial properties against Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus), Gram negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria and fungi (Candida sp.). Among all the extract only pet ether extract of leaves showing antimicrobial activity against Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria. Further the stem extracts of ethyl acetate, n-butanol and ethanol solvents only showed considerable antifungal activity. However, the petroleum ether extract of stem showed highest antimicrobial activity against all the bacteria and fungi. Among all the solvents, the petroleum ether extract showed highest antimicrobial activity indicating the release of most of the bioactive substances dissolved in the solvent. The inhibition of both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and fungi indicated the presence of broad spectrum antimicrobial substances in the stem pet ether extracts and only inhibition of gram positive bacteria in case of pet ether extract of leaves.
Authors :
Sonali Ramrao Gawali : Research Scholar, Department of Pharmacognosy, Savitribai Phule Pune University, India.
Jitendra Y. Nehete : HOD, Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacognosy, Savitribai Phule Pune University, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.16
Price: 500
Phytotoxicity Assessment and Nanotechnological Remediation of Textile Industrial Dyes on Vegetation
By: Vibha Jaiman , Garima Avasthi
Page No : 615-628
Abstract
In current scenario, one of the most significant sources of pollution is textile dye and increasing day by day. Many issues confront global agriculture, including the sustainable use and protection of natural resources, climate change, urbanisation, and pollution caused by agrochemicals (e.g., fertilisers and pesticides). These businesses release a wide range of chemicals, dyes, acids and alkalis, as well as other toxic compounds such as heavy metals, all of which are known to be poisonous. The physico-chemical parameters of dye manufacturing effluents, as well as their impact on seed germination and plant growth, were studied. Nanotechnology is also being studied as a potential solution to the worldwide food crisis. The use of plants to remove toxins from the soil, such as heavy metals, trace elements, organic chemicals, and radioactive substances. It also explains how nanoparticles are becoming a popular method of desalination and it also faces the environmental challenges for the protection of plants.
Authors :
Vibha Jaiman and Garima Avasthi
Department of Life Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.17
Price: 500
Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Bark Exudates in Selected Tree Species
By: K Parani , P Veera Lakshmi
Page No : 629-636
Abstract :
Plants have evolved multiple defense mechanisms against microbial pathogens and various types of environmental stress. Qualitative screening of phytochemical analysis from bark exudates of tree species (Cassia siamea, Araucaria, Artocarpus heterophyllus) were analysed. Tannins, alkaloids, steroids, saponins, reducing sugars, flavonoids, phenols, glycosides are present in aqueous and acetone extracts. But proteins and starch are present in acetone extracts of three bark samples. The maximum flavonoid content was observed in bark sample of Artocarpus heterophyllus, followed by Cassia siamea which was par with Araucaria. The highest amount of alkaloid and phenols were seen in Cassia followed by Artocarpus and Artocarpus heterophyllus. The maximum zone of inhibition were observed in aqueous and acetone extract of Cassia siamea by E. coli (20 mm) and Proteus vulgaris (18 mm). This was followed by acetone extract of Araucaria (15 mm) and Artocarpus heterophyllus (12 mm) by Proteus vulgaris. Whereas minimum zone of incubation were noted in aqueous extract of bark samples of Araucaria, Cassia (5.0 mm) and Artocarpus heterophyllus (4.0 mm) by E. coli and Bacillus subtilis. Bacterial antibiotic streptomycin which was used as positive controls were more effective compared to all the plant extracts tested against the bacterial pathogens. The aqueous extract of Cassia and Araucaria and acetone extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus showed the highest scavenging activity (Dark coloration) upon addition of FeCl3 which could be due to the high phenol content.
Authors :
K Parani : PG and Research Department of Botany, Sri Parasakthi College for Women, Courtallam (An Autonomous Institution Affiliated to Manonmanium Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli), Tamil Nadu, India.
P Veera Lakshmi : Research Scholar, PG and Research Department of Botany, Sri Parasakthi College for Women, Courtallam (An Autonomous Institution Affiliated to Manonmanium Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli), Tamil Nadu, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.18
Price: 500
Antibacterial, Antioxidant Activities and Phytochemical Constituents of Jatropha curcas L. Leaves
By: Anand Sagar , Dimple Guleria , Amit Kumar Sehgal
Page No : 637-650
Abstract
The study was carried out for investigation of antibacterial and antioxidant activities along with phytochemical analysis of leaf extracts of Jatropha curcas L. Extraction was done by using methanol and acetone solvents. Antibacterial activity was analysed by Agar well diffusion method against four human pathogenic bacteria, which included two Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes) and two Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Streptomycin was taken as a standard and positive control. Both methanol and acetone leaf extracts showed higher inhibition against S. aureus (19.98 mm and 18.75 mm for methanol and acetone respectively, at 100 % conc.). Antioxidant activity was determined by using DPPH (2, 2- diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging assay and Reducing power assay. BHT (Butylated hydroxytoluene) was used as standard for both methods. Highest free radical scavenging activity was shown by leaf extract with IC50 value of 200.84 µg/ml for methanol leaf extract, and for reducing power method, methanol leaf extract showed antioxidant activity with EC50 value of 714.6 µg/ml. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, carbohydrate and protein. Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) results of leaf methanol extract showed 28 phytoconstituents with squalene [C30H50 (2,6,10,14,18,22-h Tetracosahexaene, 2,6,10,15,19,23- Hexamethyl)] (37.84%), as major compound and it possesses antioxidant, antitumour properties and also used in cosmetic dermatology. In conclusion, the particular study demonstrated the biological potency of leaf of J. curcas as antibacterial, antioxidant agent and provide support to its use as a traditional medicinal plant, and further investigations can be done to check its therapeutic potential by isolating the phytochemical constituents.
Authors :
Dimple Guleria, Amit Kumar Sehgal and Anand Sagar
Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, (H.P.), India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.19
Price: 500
Nematicidal Activity of Natural Products against Root-knot Nematode: A Review
By: Shilpy Shakya
Page No : 651-662
Abstract
Phylum Nematoda is the most abundant group among the metazoans. Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are a serious threat to agrarian plants worldwide. RKN is among the most predominant spp. which affects a variety of plants and vegetables. It is challenging for farmers to manage these nematodes. The usage of nematicides is an efficient means of management of plant-parasitic nematodes. The continuous use of chemical nematicides can cause augmentation in cases of nematode resistance. In order to fulfill the requirement of modern sustainable agriculture along with safe environment and human health, there is need to switch over to natural remedies to control RKNs. Lately, many research studies have been carried out to isolate product from natural resources and evaluate their nematicidal activity against these nematodes. The present review provides a summary of nematicidal activity of the naturally derived substances against Meloidogyne incognita over the past few years.
Author :
Shilpy Shakya : Assistant Professor, Department of Zoology, Government (PG) College Fatehabad, Agra, U. P., India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.20
Price: 500
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Phytochemicals and Anti-microbial Activity of Madhuca bourdillonii (Gamble) Lam
By: P Dorothy , M K Mahesh
Page No : 663-681
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the qualitative and quantitative analysis of Madhuca bourdillonii extracts and demonstrate its biological activities. The results of phytochemical analysis showed that the leaf water extract consists of more amount of total phenolics and tannins respectively of 7.4 mg of gallic acid/g and 113.28 mg%. Flavonoid content was found to be more in water extract of bark amounting to 40.73 mg of quercetin/g while the acetone extract of leaves showed more amounts of alkaloids accounting to 30.25 mg%. All the extracts of leaves and stems were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against gram-positive, gram-negative bacteria and pathogenic fungi using agar disc diffusion as well as well diffusion assays and subsequently MIC and MBC values were determined. Among all the bacteria tested, S. flexneri was most susceptible in both the assays exhibiting a zone of inhibition of 12.4 mm & 14.2 mm and 12.2 mm & 14.6 mm respectively for water and acetone extracts of bark. The IC50 values were found to be in the range of 4.52 - 31.34 mg/ml for all the tested bacteria. Among the fungal species tested, C. albicans was found to be susceptible with a zone of inhibition of 7.63 mm for bark water extract in disc diffusion assay and 12.36 mm with leaf ethanol extract in well diffusion assay. The IC50 values were found to be 12.37 - 31.65 mg/ml for C. albicans and F. oxysporium. The results show that Madhuca bourdillonii has excellent anti-bacterial properties which might help the development of novel lead drugs for treatment of various diseases.
Authors :
P Dorothy : Research Scholar, PG Department of Botany, Yuvaraja’s College, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
M K Mahesh : Professor, PG Department of Botany, Yuvaraja’s College, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.21
Price: 500
Exploration of Endophytes from Azadirachta indica for Antifungal Activity
By: Seemadevi Suresh Kadam , Shivangi Shivraj Kanase
Page No : 683-690
Abstract
Endophytes are the plant associated microbes that live within the living tissues of their host plants without causing any harm to them. Bioprospecting of endophytes from understudied ecosystems is a promising source for extracting novel antifungal metabolites useful for pharmaceutical/cosmetic purposes. The aim of present study was to explore endophytes for antifungal activity against Aspergillus species and Candida species. To achieve this, endophytes were isolated from Azadirachta indica leaves. Cross streak and agar overlay methods were followed for screening for antifungal activity. Secondary antifungal activity was carried out for positive antifungal isolates using agar well diffusion method. In present study, twenty four fungal endophytes and fourteen bacterial endophytes were isolated from leaves of Azadirachta indica by optimizing suitable surface sterilization protocol. Out of these six bacterial isolates were found to produce antifungal compound against Candida albicans and two isolates were found to be inhibitory towards Aspergillus species. In secondary antifungal assay, one bacterial isolate showed anticandida activity. The results of this study suggest that these endophytes producing antifungal compounds may have medicinal value. Further studies related to characterization and identification of these compounds may lead to the development of novel products beneficial to human kind.
Authors :
Seemadevi Suresh Kadam and Shivangi Shivraj Kanase
P.G. Department of Microbiology, Yashvantrao Chavan Institute of Science, Satara, Maharashtra, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.22
Price: 500
Active Anti-Inflammatory Potency of ?-Sitosterol from Woodfordia floribunda Salisb
By: Pankaj H. Naikwadi , Narendra D. Phatangare , Dhananjay V. Mane
Page No : 691-700
Abstract
The Woodfordia floribunda Salisb has a very important role in the branch of medicinal chemistry as mentioned in literature. The plant contains a variety of bioactive constituents such as alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, glycosides, and phenolic compounds, out of these sterols and glycosides show antiinflammatory activity. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to ease pain and inflammation. The aim of our present study focuses on the isolation of Gama sitosterol and finding out the anti-inflammatory activity of the same. The compound was isolated by using a Soxhlet apparatus and Column chromatography. Then the crude extract of the plant by performing preliminary phytochemical analysis. From this data, we confirmed that the given plant extract has some phenolic, terpenoids, and steroids. After that, the crude extract was sent for GCMS study, and characterization is done by using Mass, 1 H-NMR, and 13C-NMR techniques. The anti-inflammatory potency of an isolated ?-sitosterol compound is measured by Carrageenan induced paw edema model by applying different dose sizes dependent on the weight of the animal, it is compared with standard diclofenac then some statistics and graphical data are made and it is confirmed that the phytol shows anti-inflammatory activity.
Authors :
Pankaj H. Naikwadi : School of Science and Technology, Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University, Nashik. Maharashtra, India.
Narendra D. Phatangare : Department of Chemistry, S. N. Arts, D. J. M. Commerce and B. N. S. Science College, Sangamner, Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Dhananjay V. Mane : School of Science and Technology, Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University, Nashik, Maharashtra, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.23
Price: 500
Plant-derived Bioactive Compounds Targeting MMP-9 for Treatment of Endometrial Carcinoma: An In silico Study
By: Farnaz Nabiya , Anchana Devi Chenniappan , Rajamiriyam Marichamy
Page No : 701-715
Abstract
Endometrial cancer, also called uterine cancer, is the second most common and fourth leading cause of death among gynecological problems in the world. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) has been found to play an important role in the formation and metastases of endometrial cancer. Thus, this study investigates the naturally anti-inflammatory compounds available from plant sources that can target the MMP-9 by various in silico approaches. The target 1L6J (Crystal structure of human matrix metalloproteinase-9) structure was retrieved from the PDB database. Five plant compounds were selected based on Lipinski’s rule of five using the PubChem database. The pharmacokinetics, ADMET properties, and biological activity of these compounds were predicted computationally using databases such as SWISS-ADME, pkCSM, and PASS. Comparative analysis of the bioactive compounds with the target was performed by AutoDock 4.2.6. The target residues interacting with the compounds were visualized in a 2D manner using LigPlot v.2.2. Based on the docking results, the compounds namely lupeol, ß amyrin, ursolic acid, kaempferol, and quercetin exhibited binding energy value of -10.68 kcal/mol, -9.4 kcal/mol, -9.02 kcal/mol, -8.72 kcal/mol and -8.45 kcal/mol respectively; whereas the control drug, Megestrol acetate showed -8.84 kcal/mol kcal thus, indicating that few of the selected compounds were seen to have better binding energy comparative to the control drug. We conclude that lupeol, ß amyrin, and ursolic acid can be potent inhibitors of target MMP-9 with the least side effects. Therefore, by in vitro and in vivo studies, these compounds can be effectively explored to evaluate the level of toxicity and efficacy to develop more effective treatments for endometrial carcinoma.
Authors :
Farnaz Nabiya, Anchana Devi Chenniappan and Rajamiriyam Marichamy
P. G. and Research Department of Biotechnology, Women’s Christian College, Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.24
Price: 500
HPTLC–densitometric and HPTLC–MS Methods for Analysis of Triterpenoids from Cucurbita maxima Peel
By: Apurva P. Bhatkande , Prafullchandra Teklae
Page No : 717-724
Abstract
Fruits and vegetables are integral part of our day to day. They are the main source of food for the living system. Large amount of agro-waste generated from food industries and kitchen pertaining to biggest nutritional loss, environmental problems and economical implications. Even though pomace, peels, rind and seeds are considered a waste part of plant they are still rich source of valuable compounds like polyphenols, oils, enzymes, vitamins, fiber, etc. which is just adjunct to its different uses. Present study conducted on waste pumpkin peel. HPTLC fingerprint profile of pumpkin peel methanol extract was performed using HPTLC plate of silica gel 60 F254 as the stationary phase and Toluene: Chloroform: Ethanol (4:4:1 V/V/V) as the mobile phase. After development chromatogram was scanned at 254 nm and 366 nm by densitometric scanner. Anisaldehyde in sulphuric acid is used as a detecting reagent which gives pink-violet and/or giving blue coloration after derivatization of plate. Further HPTLC-MS analysis gives the confirmation to detected terpenoids. Therefore, this waste peel part of the pumpkin can be used in an ingenious way by further purification, isolation and characterization.
Author :
Apurva P. Bhatkande and Prafullchandra Teklae
Guru Nanak Khalsa College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Matunga (East), Mumbai, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.25
Price: 500
Phytochemical Profiling and GC-MS Analysis of Hybanthus species (Violaceae): Bioactive Properties
By: M. Ramyajuliet , P. S. Tresina , V. R. Mohan
Page No : 725-738
Abstract :
In the field of pharmacology, medicinal plants are of great importance to researchers as most pharmaceutical industries depend on medicinal plant for their raw materials. Hybanthus enneaspermus and Hybanthus travancoricus belong to the family Violaceae and are well known for its medicinal properties. The present study was carried out to evaluate the possible bioactive components present in the above plant species. Petroleum ether, benzene, ethyl acetate, methanol, ethanol, and aqueous extracts were subjected to qualitative test for the identification of phytoconstituents as per standard procedure. The functional groups of plant powders were identified using FT-IR analysis. The ethanol extracts were analyzed via GC-MS techniques. The phytochemical screening of different solvent extract of H. enneaspermus and H. travancoricus revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, glycosides, carbohydrates and xanthoproteins. The FT-IR analysis confirmed the presence of hydroxyl, phenolics, alcohols, ester, amine, aromatic, alkanes and others. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of 15 for H. enneaspermus and 10 compounds for H. travancoricus, which include n-hexadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, undecane, neophytadiene, etc. The phytochemical profile and GC-MS analysis of H. enneaspermus and H. travancoricus revealed the presence of important bioactive compounds with medicinal properties. Hence, the presence of these phytoconstituents is responsible for the therapeutic effects.
Authors :
M. Ramyajuliet : Research Scholar, PG and Research Department of Botany, V. O. Chidambaram College, Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, India (Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli).
P. S. Tresina : Ethnopharmacology Unit, PG and Research Department of Botany, V. O. Chidambaram College, Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, India.
V. R. Mohan : Ethnopharmacology Unit, PG and Research Department of Botany, V. O. Chidambaram College, Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.26
Price: 500
Persuasive and Strategic Approaches for Preliminary Phytochemical Screening, Quantitative Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Crude Plant Extracts from Clematis napaulensis DC Indigenous to Nagaland, India
By: P M Konyak , Moaakum , Z Hiese , S Lakshmana Prabu , V Hiese , T Ajungla , H S Rathore , K Ruckmani
Page No : 739-751
Abstract
The present study is designed to extract and investigate the bioactive phytoconstituents, their secondary metabolites, and antioxidant potential from the leaf extracts of Clematis napaulensis belonging to the family Ranunculaceae. Extract was investigated for its preliminary phytoconstituents by chemical analysis method. Quantification of total phenolic content by Folin-Ciocalteau assay; Total Flavonoid Content and Total Triterpenoid Content (TTC) were quantified by colorimetric method. Antioxidant potential was evaluated in vitro using Phosphomolybdenum assay, Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, Reducing power assay, and the DPPH method. The preliminary phytochemical screening results suggested that a wide variety of pharmacologically active phytoconstituents such as phenolic compounds, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, triterpenoids, gums, proteins, and reducing sugars were present whereas non-reducing sugar was absent. The total phenolic content in the methanolic extract was 0.8308 ?g/mL of gallic acid equivalent; the total flavonoid content of the plant was 1.3850 ?g/mL of quercetin equivalent and the total triterpenoid content was found to be 1.414 ?g/mL of oleanolic acid equivalent. In vitro antioxidant studies revealed that Clematis napaulensis possess good antioxidant potential. This is the first report of Clematis napaulensis, the phytochemical screening results suggested that the extract would be a potential alternative also it can be explored to discover and development of new chemical moieties for treating various diseases.
Authors :
P M Konyak : Department of Botany, Kohima Science College, Jotsoma, Kohima, Nagaland, India.
Moaakum : Department of Science & Technology- Nagaland Science & Technology Council, Govt. of Nagaland, Kohima, India.
Z Hiese : Department of Science & Technology- Nagaland Science & Technology Council, Govt. of Nagaland, Kohima, India.
S Lakshmana Prabu : Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering (BIT Campus), Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, India.
K Ruckmani : Department of Botany, Nagaland University, Lumami, India.
V Hiese : Department of Botany, Kohima Science College, Jotsoma, Kohima, Nagaland, India.
T Ajungla : Department of Botany, Nagaland University, Lumami, India.
H S Rathore : Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Nagaland University, Dimapur, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.27
Price: 500
Micropropagation of Rhododendron campanulatum D.Don Growing in Kashmir Himalaya
By: Iram Ashraf Qazi , Shabeena Yaseen , Zahoor Ahmad Kaloo
Page No : 753-764
Abstract
Rhododendron campanulatum D.Don belongs to family Ericaceae, is an ornamental and medicinal plant which is commonly known as ‘Nichnai’ in Kashmir. During the present study, in vitro propagation strategies were used for micropropagation of Rhododendron campanulatum. Seeds of R. campanulatum were inoculated on Anderson Rhododendron basal medium (ARM) and also ARM supplemented with various auxins and cytokinins in different combinations and concentrations. Seed germination was observed on Anderson Rhododendron basal medium (ARM) and ARM + BAP (3mg/l) within 35.34 and 30.42 days of culture respectively. Seed germination was also observed on basal WPM as well as on WPM +2,4-D (4mg/l), WPM+BAP (1mg/l), WPM+BAP (2mg/l) respectively. In addition, callus production as well as shoot formation was observed on ARM supplemented with 2,4-D (3 and 4 mg/l) within 56.41 and 70.16 days respectively. Callus obtained from seed explants was subcultured on WPM supplemented with different cytokinins having different combinations. Among different cytokinin-cytokinin combinations used, WPM+2ip(2mg/l)+TDZ (4mg/l) induced maximum mean number 4.6±0.3 of shoots. The in vitro raised plantlets were acclimatized using cocopeat & perlite having different ratios as well as in garden soil under greenhouse conditions.
Authors :
Iram Ashraf Qazi, Shabeena Yaseen and Zahoor Ahmad Kaloo
Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, J&K, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.28
Price: 500
Effect of Short-term Heat Stress on Photosynthetic Performance in Succulent Plant Cissus quadrangularis L
By: Upma Bhatt , Shubhangani Sharma , Vineet Soni , Hari Dev
Page No : 765-771
Abstract
Plant communities are very sensitive to abiotic stresses like cold, heat, flood and drought. Heat stress defined as high temperature than standard temperature, at which biological activities influence. Plant growth is affected by HS in a range of biochemical, physiological, molecular and cellular levels. Cissus quadrangularis is a succulent medicinally important that has adapted for the xerophytic environment. But the extremely high temperature affects the plant physiology. Photosynthesis is the most susceptible process to heat stress. The OJIP analysis shows the minor deviation in PIcs at 45?C, at this temperature plant increases antenna size. So the specific (ABS/RC, TR/RC and ET/RC) and phenomenological fluxes (ABS/CS, TR/ CS and ET/CS) lifted. While, due to the immense declined in Fm the PS-II and LHCs dissociated at 60?C, a huge reduction was also observed in PIcs and PIabs at this high temperature. There was no cent percent recovery even after 5 days which shows the acute damage of PS-II.
Authors :
Shubhangani Sharma, Hari Dev, Upma Bhatt and Vineet Soni
Plant Bioenergetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.29
Price: 500
Synthesis, Characterization and Pharmacological Evaluation of Ethanolic Extract of Sarcostemma brevistigma for its Anti-inflammatory and Antipsoriatic Activity
By: M P Pawar , Ruchi Choubey
Page No : 773-778
Abstract
The goal of this work was to test the anti-inflammatory and anti-psoriatic properties of an ethanolic extract of Sarcostemma brevistigma stem in the formation of a hydrogel utilizing several mouse models. The methanolic fraction was obtained by fractionating an ethanolic extract of Sarcostemma brevistigma stem with methanol. Viscosity, spreadability, drug release profile, pH, homogeneity, physical properties and irritant impact of the prepared hydrogel were assessed. Percentage inhibition, nitric oxide (NO), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels in mice ears following acute inflammation caused by croton oil were all measured. Physical examination revealed that the produced hydrogels were brownish in color and had a homogenous and smooth look when applied. All other test criteria, including as pH, viscosity, spreadability, and consistency, were determined to be acceptable in the F3 hydrogel formulation. The optimal F3 formulation component was 1.5 g of Carbopol 940 and 1% sodium CMC. In xylene-induced ear edema in mice, the percent suppression of edema was found to be equivalent to the standard group of therapy (69.58 %). The results of this investigation show that a produced hydrogel of SB extract has inhibitory activity on acute inflammation. The capacity of croton oil to promote neutrophil influx in mouse ear tissue was shown in this study. Treatment with extract hydrogels, as well as Voltaren Emulgel, substantially decreased MPO and NO levels in mice ears (P < 0.01). The presence of flavonoids in Sarcostemma brevistigma may explain why the methanol extracts have a substantial anti-inflammatory effect.
Authors :
M P Pawar and Ruchi Choubey
RKDF College of Pharmacy, Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan University, Bhopal (M. P.).
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.30
Price: 500
A Review of SAR Image Processing for Mangrove above Ground Biomass Estimation
By: Archana Singh , Seema Mahajan
Page No : 779-789
Abstract
Mangrove biomass monitoring has become critical today, as it aids in measuring the amount of carbon that will be contained in these forests in the future. Remote sensing is possibly the solution for estimating AGB on a large scale. It allows biomass assessments over large areas, providing a spatially comprehensive measure of forest biomass variance in a relatively short time and at a low cost. Because of the penetration capability of radar remote sensors, the high-frequency L-band and P-band can be used to measure aboveground biomass effectively. The study emphasizes the importance of Synthetic Aperture Radar imaging and the correlation between backscatter reflectance of remotely sensed data and live biomass over a given area. Despite many studies on the use of machine learning algorithms for biomass estimation, no single model fits all problems. Furthermore, finding the best machine learning model is critical for advancing global expertise in the field of mangrove forest management. The hybrid models such as extreme gradient boosting regression (XGBR) and extreme Gradient Boosting (XBoost) are also used along with regression models linear regression, multilayer perceptron (MLP), and machine learning approaches like support vector Machine (SVM), random and random forest (RF) is used in mangrove studies. In comparison to the allometric equations based on ground truth data, remote sensing methods are coming up as an effective tool for AGB estimation of mangroves. This vision survey focuses on SAR radar remote sensing-based studies in mangrove forest biomass estimation and the limitation of SAR imaging in AGB estimation.
Authors :
Archana Singh : Assistant Professor, Computer Engineering Department, Gandhinagar Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
Seema Mahajan : Associate Professor, Computer Engineering Department, Indus University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.31
Price: 500
Heterosis and Inbreeding Depression Analysis in Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.)
By: D R Bhardwaj , Akhilesh Kumar Singh
Page No : 791-800
Abstract
Experiment with 45 hybrids (F1s) under 10 x 10 diallel analysis was carried out to estimate the extent of heterosis over mid and better parents for yield and its contributing traits in bitter gourd. The inbreeding depression for various traits was also worked out. Analysis of variance indicated highly significant differences for almost all characters except plant height suggesting presence of wide genetic variability. The heterosis exhibited for fruit characters and fruit yield was mostly positive. Ten cross combinations (DVBTG-1 x VRBT-6, VRBT-94 x VRBT-39, VRBT-94 x VRBT-49, VRBT-94 x VRBT-103, VRBT-94 x VRBT-63, VRBT-94 x VRBT-32, VRBT-94 x VRBT-6, VRBT-41 x VRBT-6, VRBT-103 x VRBT-6 and VRBT-63 x VRBT-32) which recorded high heterosis for yield and also expressed high heterosis for yield components, indicating the additive or synergistic effect on the fruit yield. These cross combinations can be utilized for commercial exploitation and determining the strategies for future in bitter gourd hybrid development. The inbreeding depression results due to fixation of unfavorable recessive genes in F2 . In the present results high inbreeding depression indicates the presence of non-additive gene action (dominance and epistasis) for the traits like first male and female flower anthesis, fruit weight, plant height and number of fruits/plant. The minimum inbreeding depression was observed in cross VRBT-32 x VRBT-6 and VRBT-94 x VRBT-49.
Authors :
D R Bhardwaj and Akhilesh Kumar Singh
Principal Scientist (Veg. Sci.), Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, U.P.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.32
Price: 500
Yield Performance of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids under Different Nutrient Levels
By: Mahesh Kumar , Tosh Garg
Page No : 801-804
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during spring season 2020 to study the yield performance of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids under different nutrient levels. Three nutrient levels (125:60:30, 156:75:38, 188:90:45 kg N:P2 O5 :K2 O /ha) as main plots and seven hybrids (PM 17201L, PM 17205L, DKC 9197, PM 17208L, RASI 4118, P 3522 and KMH 25K45) in sub-plots were evaluated for their influence on growth, yield attributes and yield of maize. Application of nutrients @ 188:90:45 kg/ ha resulted in significantly higher stover and grain yield (126.6 and 93.2 q/ha, respectively) as compared to the nutrients @ 125:60:30 q/ha (101.0 and 79.2 q/ha, respectively), however, it was statistically at par with nutrients @ 156:75:38 kg/ha (122.9 and 90.3 q/ha, respectively). Among different hybrids, RASI 4118 recorded significantly higher stover (129.0 q/ha) and grain yield (95.2 q/ha) as compared to others except KMH 25K45 and DKC 9197.
Authors :
Mahesh Kumar and Tosh Garg
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.33
Price: 500
Karyomorphological Analysis in Strychnos dalzellii C. B. Cl. and Strychnos minor Dennst. - The Indigenous Climbers of India
By: Aswathy Ravindran , Bandana Nabis Das
Page No : 805-809
Abstract
Karyomorphological characterizations are important for accounting floristic geography, origin, evolution, speciation and helps in the documentation of these species genetically. In the present study, a detailed karyotype analysis has been developed for Strychnos dalzellii C. B. Cl. and Strychnos minor Dennst. - the two prosperously growing, ethnomedicinally well-known climbers of the family Loganiaceae. The chromosome number of S. dalzellii and S. minor was found to be 2n=38 and 2n=40 and the karyotypic formula is A12 + B16 + C10 = 2n = 38 and A6 + B14 + C20 = 2n= 40 is respectively. On the basis of position of centromere, the formula can be written as, m34 + sm3 + st1 = 2n= 38 and m38+ sm2 = 2n=40 for Strychnos dalzellii C. B. Cl. and Strychnos minor Dennst. respectively. This pool of genetic variation needs to be measured and recorded to increase the awareness of the importance in adopting conservation and sustainable utilization.
Authors :
Aswathy Ravindran : Research Scholar, Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India.
Bandana Nabis Das : Associate Professor, Department of Botany, Handique Girls’ College, Guwahati, Assam, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.34
Price: 500
Exploring the Grass Flora of Mizoram, India
By: S. Pathak
Page No : 811-818
Abstract
The present study was conducted to explore the diversity and generate a documentation of the family Poaceae (grasses) in the state of Mizoram, North East India. The state forms a significant segment of both the Himalayan and the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspots. As an outcome of extensive survey and morphological characterization, 6 (six) species under the family Poaceae were established to be newly growing in this region. Each taxon has been critically examined with taxonomic information such as descriptions, vivid illustrations, accepted name, basionym, type, phenology, materials studied, uses and present distributional data have been provided.
Authors :
S. Pathak : Department of Botany, Mahadevananda Mahavidyalaya, Monirampore, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.35
Price: 500
Study on Phenology of Some Papilionoid Taxa (Papilionoideae- Leguminosae)
By: Rachitha C. J , K. Krishnaswamy
Page No : 819-826
Abstract
Phenology emphasizes the significant timing of biological events occurring in an annual cycle of the plant and explains seasonal aspects of an ecological phenomenon. The current work describes the phenological studies of Papilionoideae taxa in Hosadurga and Holalkere taluks of Chitradurga districts (Karnataka, India). Different phenophases like leafing, flowering, fruiting, and leaf fall were observed for 52 species that belong to 34 genera of Papilionoideae taxa. Investigation of important phenophases clearly showed the peak period of different phenophases and helped to understand how it differs from region to region and also with environmental changes and economic concerns of that area. The obtained database can be utilized for further conservation and biodiversity maintenance in that region.
Authors :
Rachitha C. J : Department of Botany, Kuvempu University, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India.
K. Krishnaswamy : Department of Botany, Sahyadri Science College, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.36
Price: 500
A Study on the Micromorphological and Beaded Stamen of Three Species of Pogostemon Desf. (Lamiaceae Linn.) in Assam, India
By: Chayanika Bordoloi , G. C. Sarma
Page No : 827-834
Abstract
The morphology and distribution of the trichomes on the aerial parts and the feature of moniliform hairs in the stamen of Pogostemon Desf. of Assam, India were studied to understand the significance of these characters for taxonomic purposes. The three species studied are Pogostemon brachystachyus Benth., Pogostemon quadrifolius (Benth.) F. Muell, and Pogostemon strigosus (Benth.) These species of Pogostemon Desf. were mostly terrestrial while few species growing in marshy areas also. The trichomes on leaves and the moniliform hairs or beaded stamen of all the three species were investigated by both Light microscope and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The stamen with hairs was considered a unique feature that makes it a distinct genus in the family Lamiaceae, and also helps in the identification. The main types of trichomes that were distinctively observed on the leaf surfaces are, simple non-glandular unicellular and multicellular trichomes and peltate, glandular trichomes. Moniliform hairs and trichome morphology of Pogostemon brachystachyus, Pogostemon quadrifolius, and Pogostemon strigosus have not been studied previously in the study area and such investigations on Pogostemon in the study area are rather limited
Author :
Chayanika Bordoloi : Department of Botany, USTM. Meghalaya.
G. C. Sarma : Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Assam.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.37
Price: 500
A Study on Angiospermic Diversity of Vardhman Mahaveer Open University Campus, Kota (Rajasthan)
By: Rajendra Prasad , Dilip Kumar Sharma , Dilip K Rathore
Page No : 835-845
Abstract
The existence of mankind depends on the existence of plants and organisms. An important step towards protection of the local and endangered plants can be conservation of the local plant communities in the premises of educational and government institutions. Vardhman Mahaveer Open University Campus (25 acres) is a unique area. In an exploratory survey of VMOU campus, a total of 113 plant species under 45 families have been recorded. Of these 113 species, 12 are shrubs (11 %), 33 Herbs (29 %) 29 climbers (26 %) and 39 species belong to trees (34 %). Fabaceae is found to be dominant having highest (22) number of species followed by Apocynaceae (07). The present study deals with plant diversity of angiosperms found in the campus of VMOU Campus, Kota, Rajasthan.
Authors :
Rajendra Prasad : Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, Government College, Bundi, Rajasthan, India.
Dilip Kumar Sharma : Regional Director, Vardhman Mahaveer Open University, Kota, Rajasthan, India.
Dilip K Rathore : Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, Government College, Bundi, Rajasthan, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.38
Price: 500
Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes l.) as a Potential Adsorbent of Basic Fuchsin Dye
By: Sandeep Chand Upadhyay , A. B. Bajpai , Pardip Kumar
Page No : 847-859
Abstract
In textile sector uses a huge volume of water and chemicals, including inorganic compounds, polymers, and organic products. Textiles effluents including different types of dyes like acidic, reactive, basic, disperse, azo, diazo, anthraquinone and metal-complex dye. Textile effluents create chronic ecological problems due to their toxicity, pernicious and carcinogenic characters and, at present, purification process of textile effluents is a critical problem for society. Biosorption process through water hyacinth biomass as a fructuous and inexpensive process for the expel of dyes from textile industrial colorants. In the present study, biosorption of basic fuchsin dye was carried out using different doses of the dried and powdered biomass of water hyacinth. The dose of plant biomass (50mg to 400mg) observed high percentage of adsorption at 20 ppm dye concentration. The results of Freundlich adsorption isotherm showed a better biosorption than Langmuir adsorption model. FTIR spectra of the unloaded and dye loaded biomass showed the change in the surface chemistry of the biosorbent and predicted the role of C=N (Very StrongVS), C=S (Strong- S), CH2 (Strong-S), CH=CH (Strong- S) groups in the removal of basic fuchsin dye from the aqueous solutions.
Authors :
Sandeep Chand Upadhyay : Department of Botany, D. B. S (PG) College Dehradun, Uttarakhand.
A. B. Bajpai : Department of Botany, D. B. S (PG) College Dehradun, Uttarakhand.
Pardip Kumar : Department of Biotechnology, C. C. S. University, Meerut.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.39
Price: 500
Biodegradation of Carbendazim (CRD) by Microorganisms Isolated from Pesticides Contaminated Soil
By: Nilesh P. Bhosle
Page No : 861-874
Abstract
Excessive use of pesticides has been known to create hazardous to the environment, including affecting soil fertility may also impart toxicity in living organisms. Presently, there have been biological approaches implicated to reduce or eradicate pesticides through physical and chemical methods are inefficient. Microorganisms have a potential to mineralize carbendazim with the help of nutrient minimal mineral salt (MMS) medium and soil. Microorganisms were developed resistant against carbendazim MMS medium and they were identified based on its colony morphological characters and 16s rDNA gene sequencing. A total of four bacteria were identified and evaluated for the degradation of Carbendazim. Initially, all bacteria were grown in MMS media supplemented with fungicide to acclimatized and use Carbendazim as sole source of Carbon. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) was carried out and removal of Carbendazim were recorded after 3, 7, 11 and 14 days of incubation period. Bioremediation of carbendazim was analysed in three defined concentration as 100 mg/l, 200 mg/l, and 300 mg/l in µg/ml ratio. After every 14 days interval, the final concentration of Carbendazim and their residues were determined by HPLC technique. HPLC profiling revealed that P. aeruginosa degrade the carbendazim up to 90.03%, 79.22% and 64.42% followed by P. fluorescens 72.33%, 71.83% and 55.08% at three defined concentrations respectively. Microbial consortium with cow dung slurry was also tested to degrade Carbendazim in the soil and it was observed that COD was reduced while 70.48 % degradation was recorded. HPLC-MS analysis found 2-aminobenzimidazole (134.48 m/z) and unknown metabolite with molecular ions (M+ ) of m/z 132.91, 159.99, 192.01 and 218.90. The toxicity of Carbendazim was observed on fish and seed germination of wheat and mung bean. In fish assay, the survival period of fishes was high in Carbendazim degraded compounds as compared to the aquarium containing pure Carbendazim. Similarly, seed germination of both wheat and mung bean were found to be grater in Carbendazim degraded residues than pure Carbendazim. It indicates that microbial degradation of Carbendazim is eco-friendly (less toxic) to the microbial population as the degraded residues exhibited low toxicity to fish and seed germination of wheat and mung bean. Out of four tested bacteria, P. aeruginosa was found to be most potential followed by P. fluorescence for degradation of Carbendazim. Both are capable to utilize Carbendazim as a sole source of carbon and energy it convert into nontoxic compounds, therefore obtained metabolites are eco-friendly. This technique can be applied on large scale to degrade the toxic compound in soil and also beneficial for soil remediation.
Authors :
Nilesh P. Bhosle : Department of Botany, Siddharth Arts, Commerce and Science College, Jafrabad, Maharashtra, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.40
Price: 500
Comprehensive Analysis of Chromium Degrading Bacteria from Tannery Effluent
By: Jenny S , Aruna V , Jeyabharathi S , Jeenathunisa N
Page No : 875-881
Abstract
Experiments were carried out to isolate Hexavalent chromium reducing bacterial cultures (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) from the sludge of leather industry collected from Ranipet industrial area and its ability to reduce hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium was performed. Different parameters such as inoculum volume, optimum temperature, medium, and pH were studied for efficient reduction of chromium (VI) by using the isolated organisms. The isolates were tested for the tolerance to different heavy metals; the three isolates were subjected to antibiotic sensitivity test and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration test.
Authors :
Jenny S, Aruna V, Jeyabharathi S and Jeenathunisa N
Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Cauvery College for Women (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.41
Price: 500
Association of Pseudomonas syringae pv. apii with the Seed of Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L.)
By: Nanda Ram , Vishal Sharma , Indu Singh Sankhla , Kailash Agrawal
Page No : 883-892
Abstract
Present study aimed to isolate, identify and characterize the bacterial pathogens associated with ajwain seeds using biochemical and molecular methods. One hundred thirty-nine seed samples of ajwain were collected from various districts of Rajasthan. Twenty-four bacterial isolates were isolated and purified from collected seed samples. All strains were characterised for their biochemical activity. All isolates were tested for genetic diversity by using amplified rDNA restriction analysis (ARDRA). Selective strains were subjected for 16S rDNA sequencing and molecular phylogeny study. Most strains were positive for levan production, tobacco hypersensitivity, gelatine liquefaction and aesculin hydrolysis but showed negative reactions for activities of oxidase, tartrate utilisation, potato soft rot, tyrosinase and arginine dihydrolase. These isolates were distinguished into three groups based on the ARDRA pattern. Selected isolates (KANRJ 1507, KANRJ 1562 and KANRJ 1637) were subjected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In phylogenetic analysis all three isolates showed 99.85% similarities to each other. In addition, KANRJ 1507 showed 99.93% sequence similarity to P. syringae pv. apii strain BS426 while KANRJ 1562 and KANRJ 1637 showed 99.85% sequence similarity with P. syringae pv. apii strain BS426 isolated from Petroselinum crispum in California, USA. It was also observed that KANRJ 1507 and other two strains (KANRJ 1562 and 1637) showed 99.61% and 99.54% sequence similarities respectively with P. syringae pv. maculicola isolated from radish in the USA.
Authors :
Nanda Ram, Vishal Sharma, Indu Singh Sankhla and Kailash Agrawal
Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.42
Price: 500
Impact of Water Deficit and Salinity Stress on the Growth and Development of Oenothera biennis L.
By: Sikha Sharma
Page No : 893-905
Abstract
The present study aimed at determining the morphological response of Oenothera biennis L. under water stress and salinity stress. Water deficit and salinity stress are one of the major abiotic stress factors show negative impact on growth, development and yield on different agricultural activities. Thus demands the need of developing water deficit and salt tolerant plant varieties. Oenothera biennis L. is one of the important medicinal plant with several medicinal properties, but information related to morphological response which helps in determining the level of water and salinity stress tolerance in Oenothera biennis L. has not been reported yet. So, the present study is carried out to investigate the effect of water stress and salinity stress under different concentrations i.e. water stress (-0.01 M Pa, -0.03 M Pa, -0.05 M Pa and -0.07 M Pa) and salinity stress (25 mM, 50 mM, 75 mM and 100 mM NaCl) on shoot length, no. of leaves, no. of flowers, no. of nodes, seed yield and root length. At lower water and salinity stress concentrations the Oenothera biennis L. has shown tolerance in terms of morphological features. In overall, Oenothera biennis L. is tolerant to mild water stress and salinity stress.
Author :
Sikha Sharma : Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, Sikh National College, Banga, S. B. S. Nagar, Punjab, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.43
Price: 500
Genetic Diversity Analysis in Foxtail Millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.] Genotypes
By: D Purushotama Rao , H P Chaturvedi
Page No : 907-918
Abstract
Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) is one of the least studied crops in terms of genetic resource characterization and genetic enhancement while compare to cereals. Hundred foxtail millet lines representing the national collection were evaluated at Medziphema, Nagaland University in Summer-2022 for polygenic trait evaluation and data subjected to genetic diversity analyses. Hundred foxtail millet genetic resources were divided into ten clusters by non-hierarchical cluster analysis (k-mean) was used and Elbow method was used to find out the optimum number of clusters. Genotypes were grouped into different cluster viz. Cluster I (6), Cluster II (9), Cluster III (12), Cluster IV (4), Cluster V (9), Cluster VI (8), Cluster VII (14), Cluster VIII (17), Cluster IX (17) and Cluster X (4). Cluster X had four accessions which are characterized by desired mean values and the genotypes belongs to these clusters can be utilized for the future breeding programs. The first five PCA components generated up to 82.43 percent of the diversity across genotypes tested for various agro-morphological variables. The first principal component explained 37.50 percent while, the second, third, fourth and five principal component exhibited 16.53 percent, 10.91 percent, 9.53 percent and 7.49 percent variability respectively, among the germplasm lines for the traits under study. Genotypes G2, G5, G10, G27 have low values for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height and high values for panicle length, flag leaf length and peduncle length, biological yield, fodder yield and grain yield per plant so that these genotypes can be used for general cultivation under Nagaland conditions and these materials could be used in further breeding programme.
Authors :
D Purushotama Rao and H P Chaturvedi
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Nagaland University, SASRD, Medziphema.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2022.38.02.44
Price: 500
Obituary
By: No author
Page No : 919-920
Jan-2021 to Jun-2021
Pogostemon auricularius (L.) Hassk: In-vitro Antimicrobial, Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemical Study
By: Junali Chetia , L.R. Saikia
Page No : 1-7
Abstract
Pogostemon auricularius (L.) Hassk is a weed has various medicinal value. The present study describes the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity and phytochemicals present in different aerial parts of the plant. Flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, glycosides, cardiac glycosides, reducing sugar and phenols are sampled in all the parts. Methanol extract of inflorescence had highest phenol and flavonoid content. Methanol extract of mature leaves had highest antioxidant inhibition against ABTS. Hot petroleum ether extract of mature leaf against B. subtilis recorded Zone of Inhibition of 24±2mm which is higher than standard antibiotics like-Chloramphenicol (15±2mm), Clotrimazole (20±0mm) and Streptomycitin (18±0mm). It can be concluded that methanol extract is more potent than the other solvent used. The study suggests that instead of using whole plantwhole plant, specific parts can be used for sustainable management of medicinal plants.
Author :
Junali Chetia and L.R. Saikia
Department of Life Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam-786004.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.1
Price: 500
Bio-based Metal Oxide Nanocomposite Synthesis and its Application in Removing Toxic Dyes from Water Wastes
By: Imtiyaz Rasool Parrey
Page No : 9-16
Abstract
Iron oxide (Fe3 O4 ) nanoparticles with small size were synthesized by the chemical precipitation method in the presence of biopolymer chitosan. To achieve more discrete nanoparticles and the versatile applications of chitosan it is used for the preparation of chitosan iron oxide nanoparticles. Chitosan covalently bonded on the surface of Iron oxide nanoparticles via chemical activator. Both free chitosan and the chitosan nanocomposite were characterized by using FT-IR, powder XRD, SEM, TGA, and Uv- Vis spectroscopy. The equilibrium swelling studies provide support for the improved structural stability of chitosan incorporated with materials over the synthetic precursors. Scanning electron microscope studies reveal the enhanced surface area and adjustable morphology of the incorporated chitosan materials, along with equilibrium and kinetic uptake results with methylene blue dye in aqueous media, revealing greater uptake of chitosan over pristine chitosan composites. The monolayer uptake capacity (Qm; mg g–1) with methylene blue reveals three fold variation for Qm, where chitosan nanocomposite (445.6 mg g–1) > chitosan (289.9 mg/g). The kinetic uptake profiles of congo red follow a pseudo-second-order trend, where the chitosan shows more rapid uptake over chitosan composite. This study reveals that the sorption properties of chitosan are markedly improved upon the formation of a chitosan nanocomposite.
Author :
Imtiyaz Rasool Parrey : Department of Chemistry, Government Women College, Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.2
Price: 500
In Vitro Propagation of Water Caltrop (Trapa Natans.)
By: Imtiyaz Rasool Parrey
Page No : 17-22
Abstract
Present investigation was carried out with the objectives to optimize the conditions of culture medium, shoot proliferation and rooting for mass production of water caltrop trees (Trapa natans.). For sterilization of axillary bud, explants and shoot apexes of wonderful water caltrop treatment, involving HgCl2 (0.1 %) for 3 min gave better sterilization and efficient in vitro propagation is described for wonderful water caltrop using shoot tip and axillary bud explants. The best media for establishment was observed on DKW medium just for the first three weeks. After that, explants sub cultured on WPM medium for proliferation and elongation. ½MS and full MS was used for rooting. Maximum number of shoot (3.9) per explants and shoot length (1.5 to 2.95 cm) were obtained on WPM medium supplemented with 0.8 mg/l B A P + 0.01 mg/L IBA in medium. The highest rooting number was recorded on ½MS medium containing IBA 1mg/l. (1.4) roots per explant. Significantly, higher number of shoots (2.5) and maximum length (2.95cm) of shoot were recorded in 3 percent sucrose, (3000 lux) light intensity and pH 5.8. Rooted plantlets were adopted and transferred to the soil successfully.
Author :
Imtiyaz Rasool Parrey : Department of Chemistry, Government Women College, Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.3
Price: 500
Assessment of genetic diversity of Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb. (kendu) growing in Jharkhand, India using RAPD markers
By: Amita Kumari , Avinash Kumar
Page No : 23-31
Abstract
Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb. (Family: Ebenaceae), is a native tree of India and Sri Lanka. The species has been used extensively in Indian traditional medicine to treat a variety of diseases including diarrhoea, cholera, dysentery, intermittent fevers, bleeding gums, bronchitis, pneumonia, etc. Commercially, its leaves are used in the manufacture of Indian crude cigarette ‘bidi’. Despite of its medicinal and economic importance the genetic structure of D. melanoxylon has not been elucidated. The present study reports the first attempt of genetic dissection of D. melanoxylon using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers. The nature and extent of genetic diversity of 48 genotypes, collected from 8 districts, growing naturally in different parts of the Jharkhand, were determined. The RAPD fingerprints detected 73.96% polymorphism among 96 genetic loci amplified. The dendrogram thus generated resulted into clustering of populations into population specific groups as well as admixture of populations. The genotypes from West Singhbhum were clustered separately from the other genotypes. The mean value for Shannon’s index (I), Nei’s genetic diversity (h), observed numbers of allele (na), effective numbers of alleles (ne) was 0.3618, 0.2375, 1.7396, and 1.3969, respectively. The calculated gene flow was found to be 1.0776, indicative of a high amount of genetic exchange within the species. The result presented here can be a stepping stone for future researches on the population genetics of this species.
Authors :
Amita Kumari and Avinash Kumar
Department of Botany, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.4
Price: 500
Microscopy of Helicteres Fruits
By: S. R. Chaudhari , H. L. Tare , D. S. Chumbhale , G.Y. Dama , S. R. Deore
Page No : 33-40
Abstract
In this short communication, we hereby report Microscopy of fruits of Helicteres isora Linn. It will surely be useful to global researchers in preparation of pharmacopoeial standards for the same.
Authors :
S. R. Chaudhari : KJ’s Educational Institute’s Trinity College of Pharmacy, Pune, M.S., India.
H. L. Tare : Amrutvahini Sheti and Shikshan Vikas Sanstha’s Amrutvahini College of Pharmacy, Sangamner, Savitribai Phule Pune University, M.S., India.
D. S. Chumbhale : Amrutvahini Sheti and Shikshan Vikas Sanstha’s Amrutvahini College of Pharmacy, Sangamner, Savitribai Phule Pune University, M.S., India.
G.Y. Dama : Shree Gajanan Maharaj Shikshan Prasarak Mandal’s Sharadchandra Pawar College of Pharmacy, Dumbarwadi, Otur, Tal. Junnar, Dist. Pune, M.S., India.
S. R. Deore : R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, M.S., India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.5
Price: 500
Scrutiny of Genetic System of Artemisia scoparia Waldst & Kit., a Functionally Monoecious Perennial with Wide Distribution in the North West Himalayas, J&K, India
By: Uma Bharti , Eshan Sharma , Indu Sharma , Namrata Sharma
Page No : 41-50
Abstract
Artemisia scoparia Waldst & Kit. (F: Asteraceae), a potent source of scoparone forms populations in foot hills of North-West Himalayas at different climes that include Jammu (332 masl), Rajouri (915 masl) and Kud (1705 masl) regions of J&K state, India. It is a luxuriantly growing plant in the areas of study. The plant exhibits a stable genetic system with diploid chromosome constitution (2n=16) and high pollen viability resulting in high sexual reproductive efficiency. An interesting feature in the species of study is the presence of functional monoecy. The species is predominantly an outcrosser exploiting anemophily. Seed set on open pollination is adequate in dense populations ranging from 52.5% to 60.4%. Present communication encompasses detailed studies on the genetic system of this wormwood species; with focus on the role of functional males in the capitula in percentage seed set in this species
Authors :
Uma Bharti, Eshan Sharma, Indu Sharma and Namrata Sharma
Department of Botany, University of Jammu.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.6
Price: 500
Distyly in Neanotis indica (DC.) W.H. Lewis (Rubiaceae)
By: Bir Bahadur
Page No : 51-59
Abstract
Distyly in Neanotis indica (DC.) W.H Lewis., (Rubiaceae) a distyous species with Pin flowers (long style and inserted stamens in the corolla tube ) and thrum (flowers with exerted anthers and inserted style) accompanied by self incompatibility in both forms but cross compatibility is described for the first time. The population composition shows panmixis at several locations at Sims Parks, Coonor, Ootacamund, Tamilnadu, India. Distyly is a reciprocal mechanical arrangement of style and stamen heights accompanied by an array of contrasting differences in pollen and stigma papillae dimorphism accompanied by physiological incompatibility. The pin and thrum morphs are self incompatible but cross compatible in nature. Based on the data it is suggested that the S- supergene of heterostyly controls the genetic architecture in the species.
Authors :
Bir Bahadur : Botany Department, Kakatiya University, Warangal, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.7
Price: 500
Suppression of Alternaria Solani in Potting Mixture Amended with Crotalaria Trichotoma Based Composts
By: Ravikumar M. Chaluvaiah , Rajkumar H. Garampalli
Page No : 61-66
Abstract
In the present study botanical soil amendments, namely; botanical composts (obtained from Crotalaria trichotoma), enriched botanical compost (C. trichotoma compost enriched with Trichoderma viride), uncomposted botanical powder (C. trichotoma dried powder only) and enriched uncomposted botanical powder (C. trichotoma dried powder enriched with Trichoderma viride) tested for mangement of early blight of tomato. The inoculum of Alternaria solani mixed in soil potting media in the ratio of 99:0.5:0.5 w/w of soil:inoculum:each compost treatment. Splash irrigation done twice a day to incite disease in treated plants simulates natural condition. All the compost amendments at 0.5% rate were found highly effective in suppressing the disease, with enriched botanical compost, uncomposted botanical powder, enriched uncomposted botanical biomass, and botanical compost showing percent early blight index of 16.5%, 18.3%, 45.1% and 23.3% respectively as compared to 83.3% percent early blight index in negative control.
Authors :
Ravikumar M. Chaluvaiah and Rajkumar H. Garampalli
University of Mysore, DOS in Botany, Mysore, Karnataka, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.8
Price: 500
An Assessment of Tree Diversity of Jubilee Park, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand
By: Anita Kumari , Jyoti Kumar
Page No : 67-73
Abstract
Jharkhand is considered to be one of the richest plant diversity states in India. The present paper reveals the study of tree diversity of Jubilee park of Jamshedpur, East Singhbhum, Jharkhand.
Data recorded included plant species name and individual number of each plant species. Data analysed were shannon-wiener Diversity Index, Relative Frequency, Relative Density, Relative Dominance and Important Value Index.
The results showed that there were 34 species of trees present in the site. Among the trees Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth, Delonix regia (Boj. ex Hook) Raf were found to be having highest frequency of 100% followed by Tabebuia rosea (Bertal.) DC. (80%), Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre and Ficus benghalensis (40%). The data recorded for trees showed that Tectona grandis (L.f.) and Peltopharum pterocarpum (DC.) Baker ex K. Heyhe had highest Important Value Index (IVI) i.e. 23.27 and 18.05. It was followed by another most dominant species Albizia lebbeck (L.) benth with IVI (15.75), Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels with IVI (13.42), Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre with IVI (12.32) etc. The minimum IVI found in Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile is 2.56. The present study describes the ecological status including taxonomic structure and richness of the terrestrial flora of the Jubilee park.
Authors :
Anita Kumari : Jamshedpur Co-Operative College, Jamshedpur, Kolhan University, Chaibasa – 833201, Jharkhand.
Jyoti Kumar : University Department of Botany, Ranchi University, Ranchi – 834008, Jharkhand.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.9
Price: 500
Covid 19 Pandemic: Misery of Local Farmers in Darjeeling Hills
By: Prantik Hazra , Shuvam Sharma , Arghya Ghosh
Page No : 75-79
Abstract
India had made an early move to constrain the spread of COVID 19, requesting a 21 day across the country lockdown for its population 1.3 billion persons beginning March 25th 2020. The progressing wellbeing emergency had influenced various society including agriculture and farming. This paper represents the effect of lockdown on hill agriculture especially the agricultural business performed by the native peoples of Darjeeling hills who are basically the daily labours. Soils of hills are not suitable for performing agriculture so easily like plain lands and non-application of synthetic pesticides makes hill agriculture so tough. The survey work was divided into two parts one containing period before the lockdown and another lockdown period as well as the unlock phases. Outcome of this report reveals that there was a significant loss to the farmers during the lockdown and unlock phases, especially due to failure of selling the products. Although government has taken several steps to combat this situation, but the crisis is yet unsolved.
Authors :
Prantik Hazra : U.G. & P.G. Department of Zoology, Darjeeling Government College.
Shuvam Sharma : U.G. & P.G. Department of Zoology, Darjeeling Government College.
Arghya Ghosh : U.G. & P.G. Department of Botany, Darjeeling Government College.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.10
Price: 500
Emerging Sugarcane Abiotic Disorders under Subtropical Conditions: An Appraisal
By: Gulzar S Sanghera
Page No : 81-96
Abstract
Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is an important agro industrial cash crop, providing raw material for different sugar industries and plays crucial role in the economy of several countries. It requires optimum climatic conditions for economic crop production and causes reduced cane and sugar yields otherwise. Climate change especially temperature extremes either low or high causes abiotic disorders like cold / banded chlorosis and sunburn during initial and mid season crop establishment led to yield reduction in sugarcane by affecting its physiology, biochemistry and quality leading to poor agronomic produce in subtropical conditions. Low temperature during winter (December-January) for autumn planting and high temperature during summer (May-June) for spring planting also affects the germination percentage, seedling establishment and ratoonability of early harvested (Nov-Dec) crop. Several breeding and genomics based studies have been conducted to improve the sugarcane production under different stresses in this crop in many areas of the world. The studies on abiotic disorders caused by high and low temperature extremities and their mitigation strategies are scanty. An attempt has been made in this appraisal report to explore sugarcane clones/ cultivars that contribute to adaptation in era of climate change by discovering and introducing desirable genes for agronomic traits using basic breeding methodologies, physiological approaches and new technologies of molecular biology that can mitigate the negative effect of extreme temperature and improve sugarcane yields, productivity and sustainability.
Author :
Gulzar S Sanghera : PAU, Regional Research Station, Kapurthala, 144601, Punjab, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.11
Price: 500
Ipomoea sindica Stapf (Convolvulaceae): A new distribution record from Raigad Maharashtra, India
By: Preeti V. Phate , Pravin Kawale
Page No : 97-100
Abstract
The present paper provides the detail description of species Ipomoea sindica Stapf. along with photographs, distribution map and relevant notes for its easy identification. The specimen was collected for the first time from Alibag and hence is a new distributional record for Raigad, Maharashtra state. As the species is closely related to I. eriocarpa and is always confused with later therefore a pictorial comparison of both is provided for its easy identification in field.
Authors :
Preeti V. Phate : Department of Botany, J.S.M. College, Alibag Raigad - 402201 (MS) India.
Pravin Kawale : R.C.F. Company, Alibag Raigad - 402201 (MS) India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.12
Price: 500
Letter to the Editor
Personal Reminiscences of Robert Emerson and Eugene Rabinowitch
By: Govindjee Govindjee , Rajni Govindjee
Page No : 101-106
Abstract
We present a glimpse into the lives of two great scientists, our professors who guided us during our PhD days (1956-1961): Robert Emerson (1903- 1959) and Eugene I. Rabinowitch (1901-1973). We have divided these reminiscences into two periods: (1) September 1956—February 1959, during which, one of us (Govindjee) was a graduate student of Robert Emerson in “Physico-Chemical Biology”, from 1956, whereas the other (Rajni) was in Botany, from 1957. During this time, Eugene Rabinowitch was a professor next door, but working in the same “Photosynthesis Project”; and (2) March 1959— onwards, when both of us were under Rabinowitch following Emerson’s death in a plane crash on February 4, 1959. After completing PhD (in Biophysics) under Rabinowitch in September 1960, Govindjee worked as a NIH Postdoctoral Fellow until he was appointed as an Assistant Professor in Botany in September 1961. After that, Govindjee and Rabinowitch were faculty colleagues until the latter left Urbana to go to Albany, New York in 1968. Meanwhile, Rajni finished her PhD in Botany in May 1961, and later did extensive research, as a NIH Postdoctoral Fellow and then as a Research Associate under Rabinowitch for many years.
Authors :
Govindjee Govindjee and Rajni Govindjee
Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.1.13
Price: 500
Effect of Butea monosperma (Lam.) Leaf Extract on Seedling Traits and Chromosomal Behaviors
By: Avinash Kumar , Mitali Gupta
Page No : 107-112
Abstract
The present study evaluates the allelopathic and genotoxic effect of various concentrations of aqueous leaf extract of Butea monosperma Lam. on seedling traits of Pisum sativum L. It was observed that allelochemicals had marked effect on seed germination, seedling survival, shoot length and radical length and also caused some abnormalities in chromosomes the root tips of Allium cepa L. Maximum increase in seed germination and other seedling traits occurred at 10% while maximum decrease was at 25% conc. And in genotoxicity test mitotic index was maximum in control and chromosomal abnormalities were maximum at 10% concentration. The implications are discussed.
Authors :
Mitali Gupta and Avinash Kumar
Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Botany, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribagh- 825319, Jharkhand, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.14
Price: 500
The Uncultivated and Wild Leafy Vegetable Consumption in Devarakonda
By: Rama Raju Cherkupally
Page No : 113-119
Abstract
Many uncultivated and wild leafy vegetables have been utilized as a food and as folklore medicine since time immemorial. Such vegetables have been part and parcel of the food dishes, especially to the ancient rural and semi-urban dwellers. Despite much nutritional value, researchers and agricultural scientists have given less attention to such vegetables.
A total of 38 plant species belonging to 20 families was recorded after conducting surveys. Family Amaranthaceae recorded the highest number of species (10 species) followed by Caesalpinaceae (5 species), Lamiaceae, Apiaceae, Malvaceae, Convolvulaceae, Aizoaceae (2 species each) and remaining all one species each. It is observed that tribal communities not only used for self-consumption, but they also tried to sell by tribal women seasonally in weekly markets to earn income. Uncultivated leafy vegetables like chenchali, bacchali, puntikura, payalkura, ponagantikura, chintachiguru and tootikura are also sold in towns, as they are preferred by people in towns, because they were liked by urban dwellers, and were recognized as well for health. For several reasons, people no longer eat wild seasonal uncultivated greens as in former years, which is the reason for low consumption in this population.
Authors :
Rama Raju Cherkupally : Department of Botany, M.K.R. Government Degree College, Devarakonda, Mahatma Gandhi University, Telangana State, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.15
Price: 500
Maize Characterization: From Genotyping to High-Throughput Phenotyping, A Review
By: Latif Ahmad Peer , Mohd. Yaqub Bhat , Zahoor A. Dar , Aijaz A. Lone
Page No : 121-131
Abstract
Zea mays L., Maize, a crop cultivated globally, is used as food, feed, and used to manufacture diversified industrial products. It has become necessary to employ new methods for high maize production and increase its quality potential in response to the upsurge in the human population and climate change. The maize breeding procedures have now incorporated important components like genome-wide selection and high-density genotyping to ease the functional analysis of its genome. Every growth stage displays tremendous genetic diversity in maize, which can be studied through advanced phenotyping and genotyping technologies wherein physiological, genetic, and molecular characteristics can be understood and manipulated. Such studies will undoubtedly lead to an increase in maize crop improvement. This review highlights the developments in the characterization of maize through genotyping and phenotyping with the advent of novel technologies.
Authors :
Latif Ahmad Peer : Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Zahoor A. Dar : Dryland Agriculture Research Station, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir-191121, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Aijaz A. Lone : Dryland Agriculture Research Station, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir-191121, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Mohd. Yaqub Bhat : Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.16
Price: 500
Sustainable Agricultural Practices for the Improvement of Growth and Yield of some Important Crops popular in Walwa-tehsil, district Sangli (Maharashtra) - A Review
By: R. R. Lohar , C. P. Hase
Page No : 133-143
Abstract
Soil desertification and its sickness are the significant causes for reduction in growth and yield of crops. The unjudicious application of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, monoculture and excess irrigation have adversely affected the soil fertility. In addition to this, various types of soil pollution, alternation in physicochemical properties of soil and climate change (GHG’s, increasing temperature) have aggravated the problem and hence there is plateauing of yield in almost all the crops in Sangli district in general and in Walwa tehsil in particular. As a result of this the farmers are frustrated and going away from agriculture. Due to this deteriorated agro-ecosystem more than 25% farmers are shifting to nearby urban areas like Sangli, Satara, Kolhapur, Pune and even Mumbai in search of jobs to earn their daily bread and butter. The overall effect is collapsing of the sustainable agricultural practices and disturbances in village ecosystem.
To get more and more yield from the deteriorated soil farmers are giving heavy doses of chemical fertilizers. Considering this situation, a review has been undertaken in this paper for giving a solution through sustainable agricultural practices for some popular crops in the tehsil Walwa. Keeping in the mind that such system should be resource conserving, socially supportive, commercially competitive and environmentally sound. So called modern agriculture requires the replacement by more sustainable choice based eco-friendly agriculture. Sustainable agriculture is a distinct set of practices, which encompasses the efforts that develop more efficient production system. At present to repair soil damages, to face challenges of climate change, hazardous effects of pesticides, fungicides, weedicides, chemical fertilizers and excess irrigation sustainable agricultural practices may be the hope for second evergreen revolution in future.
Sustainable agricultural practices must be employed by the farmers to save the agriculture and to save themselves, which will ultimately lead to save the planet earth. Our government should take emergency steps in favor of sustainable agriculture at the earliest possible and protect the rural India. It is a well-known fact that agriculture is the backbone of Indian economy and hence to improve the economy, improvement in agriculture is the need of time.
Authors :
R. R. Lohar : Postgraduate Research Center in Environmental Science, Baburaoji Gholap College, Sangvi, Pune, RIT, Rajaramnagar, Sangli, Maharashtra, India.
C. P. Hase : Associate Professor, Department of Botany, Baburaoji Gholap College, Sangvi, Pune-411027.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.17
Price: 500
Systematic Review on Population Status and Economic Importance of Endemic Commercial Timber Tree: Terminalia paniculata Roth (Myrtales: Combretaceae) from Peninsular India
By: Sanal C Viswanath , T K Hrideek
Page No : 145-154
Abstract
Terminalia paniculata is one of the commercially important timber tree species commonly distributed in Kerala and Karnataka region of Peninsular India and mainly used for timber, tannin, fodder products, folk medicine, Ayurvedic treatments and opium poisoning. Natural populations are declining due to high seed emptiness, poor regeneration status and anthropogenic activities such as habitat fragmentation, land conversion and over-exploitation. The timber is superior in quality and mainly used for making beams, rafters, battens and for similar work. The present article focuses on population, regeneration, wood characteristics and economic, ecological, phytochemical and pharmacognostic importance of T. paniculata and this will provide comprehensive information for further research.
Authors :
Sanal C Viswanath and T K Hrideek
Department of Forest Genetics & Tree Breeding, KSCSTE- Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Thrissur, Kerala- 680653, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.18
Price: 500
Global Warming and Third Generation Algal Biofuels : A Review.
By: Ashwani Kumar , Shobha Johari , Praksha Verma
Page No : 155-165
Abstract
Increasing populations and industrialization is causing enhanced production of greenhouse gases (GHG) resulting in global warming. Climate change poses unprecedented threats to human health by impacts on food and water security, heat waves and droughts, violent storms, infectious disease, and rising sea levels. Renewable sources of energy provide and answer to greenhouse gas mitigation as they are carbon neutral or nearly so. However, first generation biofuels require land and water for cultivation and second generation biofuels from lignocellulose waste need technology up gradation to make them commercially viable on large scale. Third generation biofuels from algae are very promising as they can be grown in fresh water, waste water and sea water in ponds and also in closed systems under controlled conditions. The extraction process from Algae is less complicated and more economically viable. In our review we wish to present state of art information on technological advances in biofuel production from algal biofuels for greenhouse gas mitigation.
Authors :
Ashwani Kumar : Alexander von Humboldt Fellow (Germany) and Former Head and Director Life Sciences. Department of Botany and PG School of Biotechnology. University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004.
Shobha Johari : Associate Professor, Department of Botany, L.B.S. Government College, Kotputli-303108.
Praksha Verma : Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.19
Price: 500
Aspergillus Niger Tiegh: An Endophyte from Gymnema Sylvestre for its Antihyperglycemic Potential
By: G. M. Vidyasagar , Roopa S.G , MD. Liyakat Ahmed , Shankaravva Babanagare , Sangeeta M.K , Ambika Vasantkumar
Page No : 167-173
Abstract
Traditional medicinal plant Gymnema sylvestre is used to cure many diseases and its availability in nature is very rare. In the present research, as an alternate to the host plant, fungal endophyte from leaves of G. sylvestre was isolated and based on morphological and molecular characterization the isolate was identified as Aspergillus niger Tiegh. The ethyl acetate extract of the fungus was further employed for qualitative and quantitative analysis of secondary metabolite, revealed presence of saponin, tannin, flavonoids, glycosides, phenol and alkaloid. The oral glucose tolerance test in fungal ethyl acetate extract (250mg/kg body weight) treated Albino mice has shown reduced level of blood glucose compared to the negative control group, whereas compared with standard drug no significant reduction recorded.
Authors :
G. M. Vidyasagar, Roopa S.G., MD. Liyakat Ahmed, Shankaravva Babanagare, Sangeeta M.K., and Ambika Vasantkumar
Department of Post Graduate Studies and Research in Botany Gulbarga University, Gulbarga–585 106, Karnataka, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.20
Price: 500
Rhizosphere Mycobiome Diversity of Medicinal Plants: A Review
By: Latif Ahmad Peer , Nusrat Ahmad , Mohd Yaqub Bhat , Abdul Hamid Wani
Page No : 175-187
Abstract
Rhizosphere mycobiome of medicinal plants and their interaction has a significant effect on the secondary metabolites and plant health. The fungi not only enhance the growth but also modulate the quality of the essential oils and other bioactive compounds as well as can be used as bioinoculants to improve medicinal values of plants and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Therefore the present review is focused on the biodiversity of rhizosphere fungi associated with medicinal plants which will help to draw the inference of trends and identification of key fungal groups as well as to understand their role and importance in harboring above-ground plant diversity. It will be helpful in developing safe and eco-friendly management strategies for the sustainable growth of the medicinal plants.
Authors :
Nusrat Ahmad, Mohd Yaqub Bhat, Abdul Hamid Wani and Latif Ahmad Peer
P.G. Department of Botany, University of Kashmir Srinagar, JK India-19006.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.21
Price: 500
Pollen Morphology And Viability Analyses in Clematis terniflora DC
By: Rajeswari S. , Sumitha V. R
Page No : 189-192
Abstract
Clematis terniflora a highly domesticated ornamental plant, grown mainly for its fragrance, this flowers is propagated entirely by vegetative means. Sexual reproduction is rarely observed, being either pollen sterile or seed sterile. Hence propagation is mainly through stem cuttings. The present study focuses on the palynological investigation involving pollen morphological and viability studies. The electron microscopic study revealed prolate-spheroidal pollen with tricolpate aperture. Viability studies carried out using in vitro and in vivo methods revealed lower germination rate with an estimated rate of about 78.8% pollen sterility. Cross-pollination was better compared to self-pollination. Pollen germination was not observed in self-pollinated flowers. The present study revealed limited pollination and fertilization thereby reducing its natural regeneration and population.
Authors :
Rajeswari S. : Research Scholar, Postgraduate and Research Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala.
Sumitha V. R. : Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, HHMSPB NSS College for Women, Thiruvananthapuram.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.22
Price: 500
Plants and their Resources which are Utilized in Gajalakshmi Puja for Adoring Goddess Lakshmi
By: Ushashee Mandal , Swagat Kumar Mallick , Gyanranjan Mahalik
Page No : 193-196
Abstract
The various species of flora and fauna along with the ecosystem all combined together are known as Biodiversity. Around 80% of the Indians follow Hinduism which is an ancient religion that has many types of beliefs in festivals, and religious practices. Gajalakshmi Puja is one of the eminent festivals mostly honoured and observed in Odisha. The celebration begins from the night of the full moon day i.e. Kumar Purnima and celebrated for 11 days. The plants and plant parts which are used in this holy occasion were gathered from the priest and the other people and mentioned in this paper. A number of 52 plant species are used are belonging to 29 families were recorded during the survey and observation. Among which Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn., Oryza sativa L., Mangifera indica L. etc. are mostly used in the Gajalakhmi Puja. The different plant species with their botanical name, local name, family, habitat, plant parts usage and form of uses are documented.
Authors :
Ushashee Mandal, Swagat Kumar Mallick and Gyanranjan Mahalik
Department of Botany, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.23
Price: 500
Occurrence of Helicotylenchus graminophilus Fotedar & Mahajan, 1974 in Kashmir, India, a first report
By: Javaid Hassan Sheikh
Page No : 197-201
Abstract
A significant species of nematodes belonging to the order Tylenchida Thorne, 1949 was met to be predominantly prevalent and its morphometeric study revealed alterations from the available description probably because of host variability and habitat change and changing climatic conditions. Helicotylenchus graminophilus Fotedar & Mahajan, 1974 was met with the varied intensity on Solanum tuberosum among many other hosts. The morphological variations are significantly noted under remarks with the species under observations. The species as is collected from Solanum tuberosum is a first time report of its occurrence on this host in this region of India as it was found by Fotedar & Mahajan, 1974 on Eruca sativa.
Author :
Javaid Hassan Sheikh : Department of Zoology, Government Degree College, Kulgam, J&K, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.24
Price: 500
Quantification of major bioactive compounds from Diospyros chloroxylon Roxb.
By: Ushashee Mandal , Swagat Kumar Mallick , Gyanranjan Mahalik
Page No : 203-207
Abstract
Diospyros is an important genus of Ebenaceae family with more than 500 species. These have drawn the attention of investigators by the presence of valuable phytochemicals in them. They have proved their utility in the amelioration of various ailments. The present study constitutes the quantification of major bioactive compounds viz., alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, steroids and terpenoids from Diospyros chloroxylon an endemic species. The pharmacological potential of any plant is being determined based on its chemical constituents. The significant quantities of bioactive compounds quantified in Diospyros chloroxylon rates it an useful species having antioxidative and antibacterial potential.
Authors :
Nageswara Rao Naik B : Department of Environmental sciences, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh.
Jyothi D : Department of Botany SRR & CVR Govt. College Vijayawada Andhra Pradesh.
Vishnuvardhan Z : Department of Botany and Microbiology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.25
Price: 500
Propagation of the true ebony, Diospyros ebenum Koenig: A Review
By: Tresa Hamalto , S. J. Pooja , Almas Khanam
Page No : 209-214
Abstract
Diospyros ebenum is an evergreen, slow-growing tree with a dense crown. There are over 600 species of evergreen timbers in the world, many of which are commercially valuable in the international trade of plywood, round wood, sawn wood and veneer, and high-quality wood has always been in demand. D. ebenum yields jet black wood with high density, which is one among the costliest woods. Due to its ease of polishing, D. ebenum finds uses in manufacturing musical and mathematical instruments, carved figures, cutlery handles, chopsticks, gaming pieces, door handles, brushes, combs and billiard cues. The heart wood is insect resistant and regarded as fancy wood, used for fine furniture, veneer and parquet floors. Nevertheless, the species is under threat due to illicit felling and slow germination in natural condition. Clonal propagation of valuable germplasm through vegetative propagation, propagation through seeds and in vitro propagation technologies are an integral component in tree improvement and conservation programs. Owing to its high value, this review is focused on the different propagation approaches that have been successful for D. ebenum.
Authors :
Tresa Hamalton, S. J. Pooja and Almas Khanam
Silviculture and Forest Management Division, Institute of Wood Science and Technology, Bangalore, Karnataka 560003, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.01.26
Price: 500
Obituary
By: No author
Page No : 215-217
Jul-2021 to Dec-2021
Editorial
Current issue: COP26 Glasgow (31st October to 10th November 2021).
By: Ashwani Kumar
Page No : (i-ii)
Methyl Jasmonate: A Potent Player in Salinity Stress
By: A. Hemantaranjan , Shivani Lalotra , Rekha Sodani
Page No : 219-224
Abstract
Salinity stress an atrocious stress customary in various parts of India and across world is one of the major reasons for subordinating the yield of several crops. It leads to oxidative stress and nutrient unavailability which poses serious threats to soil fertility and soil structure. The excessive amount of soluble salts in soils is major cause of desertification in various countries. Current agriculture scenario and the climatic conditions are expected to worsen abiotic factors globally and ultimately curbing the yield potential of various crops. Therefore, certain biotechnological or plant physiological strategies or tools needed to be supplement for target crops to specific environments. Such tools are the exploitation of phytohormones in agriculture sectors. Among these, Methyljasmonate is an important phytohormones used incessantly in improving the yield per unit area of crops known to alleviate various stresses and to improve the quality and quantity of crops by activating the antioxidant machinery in plants and up- regulating the stress related genes. These oxylipins plays vigorous role in growth and development, senescence, flower nectar secretion, G-protein signaling, in plants. Besides its remarkable role in biotic stresses like salinity, drought, temperature extremes it has also foremost role in activation of defensive secondary metabolites in biotic stresses like pathogen attack.
Authors :
A. Hemantaranjan, Shivani Lalotra and Rekha Sodan
Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India, 221005.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.02.1
Price: 500
New Horizons of Plant Sciences
By: C P Malik , Bratati Roy
Page No : 225-236
Abstract
The year 2020 has witnessed large number of discoveries in life sciences including agriculture and plant science. Some of these noble works are highlighted in this article. Researches are taken from various news, research blogs, articles and research papers to provide cumulative insights on current trends of R&D in agriculture and plant science. The intent is to apprise the students and researchers of recent trends and discoveries in life sciences including agriculture.
Authors :
C.P. Malik : Professor and former Advisor, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Bratati Roy : Group Leader, Jubilant Generics Ltd., Noida.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.02.2
Price: 500
Right handed Dioscorea alata: Reversered and Vertically grown : Stem Anatomy and Yield
By: Bir Bahadur , G. Narsaiah
Page No : 237-243
Abstract
This paper high lights the stem internode anatomy of rignt handed Dioscorea alata, induced or reversed and vertically grown with the support of bamboos. Comparative anatomical structural changes in relation to habit, vis-a-vis yield of tubers and changes in various amino acids patterns due to change in habit are discussed. Darwin first studied climbing plants over a century back and there is need to review the plant biomechanics of the right and left twining species and induced twining since tuberous Dioscorea species are next to cereals and pulses as food source.
Authors :
Bir Bahadur and G. Narsaiah
Botany Department, Kakatiya University, Warangal, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.02.3
Price: 500
Integrated management of Tylenchids =Nematoda occuring on Capsicum frutescens (chillies) by hoeing, 7.5% Garlic (Allium sativum) solution and by application of Poultry manure
By: Javaid Hassan Sheikh , Gowhar Rashid
Page No : 245-248
Abstract
Plant parasitic nematodes are of huge economic importance in the present day world of food crisis. Management of these underrated parasites has become a concern for the nematologists as they drastically tell upon the productivity potential of crops. A field experiment was conducted at Punzwa, Kupwara to study the effects of 7.5% garlic solution, Hoeing and poultry manure on nematodes associated with Capsicum frutescens and to study their comparative account in order to devise an integrated control regime. The nematode genera which are frequently encountered on this host in this part of the world are Helicotylenchus spp., Psilenchu spp., Tylenchus spp., and Aphelenchus spp.The results of combination of all the three measures was found to be most effective with the mean values of population density followed by standard deviation as 37.75±5.5 with the initial density and control as 104.55±2.0 and 109.5±0.67 respectively. The individual effect of hoeing reduced the density to 75.15±3.59 from 110.34±5.7 and the combination of hoeing and garlic solution treatment reduced the populations of plant parasitic nematodes to 63.35±6.8 from 126.75±7.2.
Authors :
Javaid Hassan Sheikh and Gowhar Rashid
Department of Zoology, Government Degree College Kulgam, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.02.4
Price: 500
An Eco-friendly Aerobic rice (An Efficient Water Management Strategy for Rice Production)
By: Harvinder Kaur Sidhu
Page No : 249-262
Abstract
Over the centuries, lowland rice has proven to be a remarkably sustainable system for rice production mostly because of its luxurious water availability. But the present day water crisis threatens the sustainability of lowland rice production and necessitates the adoption of water saving irrigation technologies. Technologies like saturated soil culture and alternate wetting and drying are receiving renewed attention by researchers. These technologies reduce water inputs only at the expense of yield. Aerobic rice technology is better remedy for future climate change under drought condition with lesser green house gas (GHG) emission. Selection of good aerobic rice variety with desired physiological attributes gives better performance. Proper cultural practices and regular care on crop should be recommended for on par yield with low land rice. Weed free aerobic environment is must for better performance and improper weed management leads more manpower usage. Yield penalty, yield stability of aerobic rice have to be considered for adoption.
Author :
Harvinder Kaur Sidhu : Professor, Faculty of Life Sciences Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh, (Punjab), India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.02.5
Price: 500
Complete nutrient profile of Banana flower: A review
By: Damini Soni , Gargi Saxena
Page No : 263-267
Abstract
India is one of the biggest producers of banana, producing 29 million tonnes per year on an average between 2010 and 2017, followed by China at 11 million tones on an average per year. Banana flower also known as banana male bud or banana blossom is the edible by product of banana cultivation which due to its good nutritional value is consumed in many Asian countries like Sri lanka, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines and India. Banana blossoms are usually thrown away by producers, producing huge post harvest waste. They contain various bioactive compounds like flavanoids, alkaloids, phenols, tannins which are known to possess antioxidant, antivirus, antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Blossoms are good source of crude fiber with some biologically active compounds like vitamin C, tannins, myoinositol phosphates, and alpha tocopherols. The flower is used to treat ulcers, dysentery, bronchitis, alleviating menstrual bleeding problems, facilitates lactation, helps in overcoming diabetes, helpful in weight loss and is good for gastrointestinal health.
The flower being a rich source of phytochemicals imparting antioxidant activity can be used to prepare various detoxifying beverages and products incorporating ginger, mint, carrot, wheatgrass, spirulina, gooseberries and lemon to enhance the antioxidant activity and acceptability.
Authors :
Damini Soni : Research scholar, IIS (Deemed to be University), Department of Home Science, Jaipur, India.
Gargi Saxena : Senior Assistant professor, IIS (Deemed to be University), Department of Home Science, Jaipur, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.02.6
Price: 500
Antifungal and Phytochemical Activity of Selected Medicinal Plants of Shimla Hills Himachal Pardesh India
By: Imtiyaz Rasool Parrey , V. Raj , Tanveera Akhter
Page No : 269-273
Abstract
The purpose of the study was evaluate the methanol extracts of these medicinal plants, namely, Euphorbia helioscopia, Coriandrum sativum and Bauhinia variegata Phytochemical extraction was conducted using soxhlet and rotovap apparatus and an aqueous extraction method. Data analysis of the study was done using R-Studio Program for statistical computing and graphics. A Tukey test was done along with ANOVA and Boxplots. Qualitative analysis of phytochemicals were carried out and the presence of terpenoids, steroids, glycoside, alkaloid, tannins and saponins were positive in some plants. Antifungal activity was tested using the poisoned food and well diffusion techniques.
Authors :
Imtiyaz Rasool Parrey : Department of Chemistry, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
V. Raj : Department of Chemistry, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
Tanveera Akhter : Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam University, Indore (M.P.) India-452016.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.02.7
Price: 500
Notes on fresh water Diatoms from Sawai Madhopur-part-IV, Rajasthan, India
By: Lakhpat Meena
Page No : 275-282
Abstract
Diatoms are part of photo-assimilate microalgae with vide diversity. The research is carried out in Sawai madhopur of Rajasthan and found great diversity of this small group. The eighteen species of diatoms have been described and enlisted from aquatic habitats (stagnant as well as running). This is the first attempt for enlisting diatoms from western part of Rajasthan.
Authors :
Lakhpat Meena : Assistant professor, Department of Botany, S.C.R.S.Government College, Sawai Madhopur (Rajasthan).
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.02.08
Price: 500
Aquatic And Wetland Flora of Marlimund Lake, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
By: Rekha G
Page No : 283-288
Abstract
The present study deals with documentation of hydrophytes in Marlimund lake (Lat: 11°26’16.0" Long: 076°41’94.8"), The Nilgiris district, Tamil Nadu. A total of 37 hydrophytes were recorded in different seasons along with five endemic species. Among these Helophytes are dominant followed by Tenegophytes/Helophytes. Illegal fishing, over grazing and waste dumping leads to reduction in the growth of hydrophytes in the study area.
Author :
Rekha G : No.2, Kandhasamy muthaliyar street, Vettaikaranpudur, Pollachi, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India-642 129.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.02.09
Price: 500
Growing Euphorbia Antisyphilitica on Wasteland Soils of Rajasthan
By: Ashwani Kumar , Shobha Johari
Page No : 289-295
Abstract
A vast area of Rajasthan state is wasteland in the form of arid and semiarid. Different climatic zones also affect soil type and vegetation. Diurnal variation in temperature has wide range and along with soil type it affects vegetation. Annual rainfall is very low between 525-675 mm. Saline soil with high pH occupies a major area in the Thar desert of this state. Although eastern part of the state has alluvial soils but fine sandy to loamy fine sand is dominant. This type of soil is also found in neighboring states Gujarat and Punjab which is not suitable for farming. Sand dunes cover greater part of western Rajasthan. Vegetation in this area is thorny scrub type. Different soil types found in desert area support different types of vegetation. Euphorbia antisyphilitica a native plant of desert of Mexico was tried to grow in desert lands of Rajasthan. It is a promising petro-crop and studies were undertaken to find out its biomass and biocrude yield in different soil types like red soil, sandy soil and gravel. Different combinations of these soils were also taken into account. Utilization of such wastelands to grow plants other than crop plants is the aim of present study.
Authors :
Shobha Johari : Associate Professor, Department of Botany, L.B.S. Government College, Kotputli-303108.
Ashwani Kumar : Former Head, Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302004.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.02.10
Price: 500
Diversity of Herbaceous Plants of Upwan Area of Jubilee Park, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand
By: Anita Kumari , Jyoti Kumar
Page No : 297-301
Abstract
The present work aimed to study the herbaceous diversity of Upwan area of Jubilee park, Jamshedpur. The herbaceous cover diversity of the sites was represented by 18 herbs species belonging to 9 families.
Among the herbs Scirpus densus Wall., Cyperus alopecuroides (Rottb.) and Dichanthium annulatum (Forssk.) Stapf were found to be having highest frequency of 100% followed by Scirpus barbatus Rottb. (80%), Phyllanthus niruri auct. non L. (80%), Saccharum spontaneum L. (80%) and Cyperus arenarius Retz. (60%).
The data recorded for herbs showed that Scirpus densus Wall. And Dichanthium annulatum (Forssk.) Stapf had highest Important Value Index (IVI) i.e. 49.15 and 42.58. The minimum IVI found in Lipocarpha sphacelata (Vahl) Kunth and Saccharum spontaneum L. was 8.60 and 7.89.
The floristic diversity is the natural resource and wealth of a region and acquiring knowledge of it is of immense scientific and commercial importance.
Authors :
Anita Kumari : Jamshedpur Co-Operative College, Jamshedpur, Kolhan University, Chaibasa – 833201, Jharkhand.
Jyoti Kumar : University Department of Botany, Ranchi University, Ranchi – 834008, Jharkhand.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.02.11
Price: 500
Screening of Prebiotics from Jhargram Tribal Biodiversity
By: Samiran Hota , Annalakshmi Chatterjee
Page No : 303-311
Abstract
Different tribal communities like Sabars, Santals and Mundas living in the intense forest, maintaining their identity still in the midst of the modern population consume fruits and vegetables indigenous to them for their daily requirements. Among these, fifteen plant species were collected and investigated for the indigestible polysaccharides and their prebiotic properties. Plant extracts were processed with HCl buffer and ?-amylase, and indigestible polysaccharide content was determined. Based on extract yield and indigestible polysaccharide content, Dioscorea hispida, Dioscorea wallichii, Diospyros melanoxylon and Diospyros mespiliformis were selected as sources for studying their prebiotic effect on probiotics. Selected extracts demonstrated promising growth stimulatory effect on various Lactobacillus species under defined conditions.
Authors :
Samiran Hota and Annalakshmi Chatterjee
Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Microbiology, Food & Nutrition Division, Dept. of Home Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.02.12
Price: 500
Phytochemical, Nutraceutical and Antioxidant Studies of Portulaca oleracea L. Grown in Bidar Region of Karnataka
By: G. M. Vidyasagar , Shankaravva Babanagare , Sangeeta M.K
Page No : 313-320
Abstract
Portulaca oleracea (Pursulane) belongs to the family Portulacaceae, widely grown as weed along with crop plant, in some other regions local people consume as a vegetable and globally used as a herbal remedy for several ailments. The air dried plant powder of aqueous and solvent extract was used to investigate the phytonutrients using standard procedure. Phytochemical study of primary and secondary metabolite of pursulane reveals the presence of Protein (1.6 mg/g), Carbohydrate (2.6 mg/g), Alkaloid (2.5 mg/g), Saponin (2.2 mg/g), Flavanoid (1.7 mg/g), Tannin (1.46 mg/g) and Phenol (1.42 mg/g) with high content of Alkaloid and followed by Saponin and other constituents. The Elemental and physicochemical analysis showed highest content of Calcium 11.1561 ppm and 9.24% of ash content, 12.37% of water soluble ash, 10.41% of insoluble ash and 0.57 mg/g of crud fiber. 3.28 mg/g of Methionine and 2.26 mg/g of Ascorbic acid as a high content obtained by the estimation of Amino Acid and Vitamins respectively. The antioxidant activity was determined in methanolic extract by using DPPH radical scavenging assay with IC50 28.32±4.7 (?g/ml). Total Polyphenol Content was determined as 1.874 mg/g. On the basis of above results such nutritional reach Purslane is a Potential to use as a vegetable as well as medicinal applications and promising natural product may be obtained in future.
Authors :
Sangeeta MK, Vidyasagar GM and Shankaravva Babanagare
Department of Botany, Gulbarga University, Kalaburgi, Karnataka, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.02.13
Price: 500
Microscopic and Macroscopic Study of Leaves of Echinops echinatus Roxb.
By: G.D. Ghangale , S.B. Bhawar
Page No : 321-324
Abstract
The present investigation evaluates Microscopic And Macroscopic study of Leaves of Echinops echinatus Roxb. Pharmacognostic evaluation consisting of morphological study like colour, odour, taste, size, shape with it’s microscopic study and surface preparation along with leaf constant and SEM. It will be useful for researcher in preparation of pharmacopoeial standards for the same.
Authors :
G.D. Ghangale : Research scholar - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bhagwant University, Ajmer, Rajasthan.
S.B. Bhawar : Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bhagwant University, Ajmer, Rajasthan.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.02.14
Price: 500
Pharmacognostic, Phytochemical and Ethnomedicinal Review on Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz.
By: Bhagwat W. Chavre
Page No : 325-330
Abstract
Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) kurz (Family-Lythraceae) is an important medicinal plant which has proved its potential through multiple disciplines. The plant is shrub with long and spreading branches. Leaf and flower extract of the plant is very effective against different ailments including cancer, leucorrhoea, diabetes, menorrhagia, menstrual and pregnancy related issues. The extract contains different phytochemicals e.g. carbohydrates, alkaloids, tannins, phenols, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, phenols, triterpenoids, carboxylic acid and Quinone. These chemicals have antimicrobial activity against different bacterial strains including Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa etc. and fungal species like Alternaria solani. The current review describes the ethnomedicinal, phytochemical, pharmacognostic, antioxidant, antimicrobial properties of the plant.
Author :
Bhagwat W. Chavre : Department of Botany, Arts, Commerce and Science College, Nandgaon, Dist. Nashik (M.S), India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.02.15
Price: 500
Nutrients and isotopic composition in Rhizophoraceae mangroves of Kochi, South west coast of India
By: Nebula Murukesh , Chandramohanakumar N
Page No : 331-344
Abstract
The present study investigates the macronutrient and micronutrient elemental composition and isotopic composition in five Rhizophoraceae mangroves plants widely distributed along Kerala coast in order to verify the response and variations in these plants towards different nutrient elements and classify them accordingly. The lower C/N values of the leaves suggest that the leaves have high nutrient quality than bark. Bruguiera showing highest values of Na/K can be thus concluded to be the plants with least salt excluding capacity. The iron rich mangrove plant was found to be B. gymnorhiza. Zinc content was found to be highest in K. candel. Amount of Pb in all the leaf and bark samples under study in this research were found to be below the recommended levels while cadmium was found to be accumulated in the leaves and bark of R. apiculata as well as in the leaves of B. cylindrica and K. candel. The stable carbon isotope composition of leaves of the Rhizophoraceae mangrove under the present investigation matches well with the already established values of ?13C for C3 plants and the present nitrogen stable isotope results fall within the range of plants that obtain inorganic nitrogen directly from seawater.
Authors :
Nebula Murukesh : Assistant Professor, St. Francis de Sales College, Bangalore-100
Chandramohanakumar N. : Inter University Center for Marine Biotechnology, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi -16
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.02.16
Price: 500
Food Processing in India – Present status and way forward
By: R.T. Patil , Ravindra Naik
Page No : 345-369
Abstract
The Food Processing sector in India has a quintessential role in networking Indian farmers to consumers in the domestic and international markets. Demand for processed food items is set to increase in India in the coming years providing opportunities for greater value addition, lower wastages and alternative employment opportunities. Various analysis have reported that outcome from food processing firms have been lucrative, but the value addition component needs to increase significantly. Organizations like Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI) is making concrete efforts to encourage investments across various value chain. Selection of right process, effective package of equipment with trained manpower coupled with effective strategy and initiatives is the key to promote food processing sector. Under National Agricultural Research System many such technologies have been developed which enables setting up micro and small food processing industries in production catchment. Some of these technologies which could be adopted for doubling the farmer’s income in briefed.
Authors :
R.T. Patil : Ex Director, ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
Ravindra Naik : Principal Scientist, ICAR – Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Regional Centre, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.02.17
Price: 500
Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using various botanicals and evaluation of its antimicrobial property
By: Gulab S. Gugale , Bhushan P. Bhusare , Mukund S. Ambawade , Nitin S. Kadam , Akshay B. Shinde
Page No : 371-379
Abstract
The present study deals with biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using various plant extract and evaluation of its antimicrobial property. Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) were biosynthesized using plants extract of Azadirachta indica (Neem), Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass), Piper betle (Betele leaf) and Trachyspermum ammi (Carom leaf) separately. Silver nitrate was used as substrate and botanical extract as biotemplate for biological synthesis of AgNPs. It was characterized by UV–vis spectrophotometer, X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The antimicrobial property of the AgNPs were carried out by well diffusion method using gram positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and gram negative bacteria, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed against K. pneumoniae (12±0.26 mm) and E. coli (11±0.11 mm) for AgNPs synthesized using P. betle and C. citratus leaf extracts. The AgNPs synthesized using T. ammi was showed highest antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger. The present study report, the enhanced antimicrobial property of AgNPs synthesized using medicinal plants as reducing and capping agents which would be a promising alternative drug for the treatment of wound infections and skin infections with reduced hazards.
Authors :
Gulab S. Gugale : Department of Chemistry, P.G.K.M’s Haribhai V. Desai College, Pune -411002, Maharashtra, India.
Bhushan P. Bhusare : Department of Life Science (School Of Science), Sandip University Nashik- 422213, Maharashtra, India.
Mukund S. Ambawade : Department of Microbiology, P.G.K.M’s Haribhai V. Desai College, Pune -411002, Maharashtra, India.
Nitin S. Kadam : Central Instrumentation Facility (CIF), Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune -411007, Maharashtra, India.
Akshay B. Shinde : Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Agricultural Biotechnology, Paud, Pune- 412108, Maharashtra, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.02.18
Price: 500
Antimicrobial Activity of the Leaf Extracts of Strelitzia reginae
By: Ramesh L Londonkar , Rajani KS
Page No : 381-397
Abstract
The antimicrobial activity of the leaf extract of Strelitzia reginae was studied on six Gram-positive and six Gram-negative bacteria. The leaf extracts of Strelitzia reginae were obtained by the Soxhlet extraction process using the following solvents, petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol, and distilled water in the increasing order of their polarity.
In order to locate the maximum and efficient antimicrobial activity among the leaf extracts of Strelitzia reginae, three sets of experiments were conducted.
Firstly, the four extracts of leaves of Strelitzia reginae namely petroleum ether extract (PE), methanol extract (ME), chloroform extract (CE), and aqueous extract (AE) were tested for their antimicrobial activity with two bacterial species. A Gram-positive bacterium, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, and a Gram-negative bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13882. The antimicrobial activity was determined using the well diffusion method. Among the test samples, samples AE, CE, ME, and PE showed antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae; samples AE, CE, and PE showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Highest activity was shown by sample CE against Staphylococcus aureus (12 mm). Samples ME and PE showed highest activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae (10 mm).
Secondly, since the highest antimicrobial activity was located with CE and ME, six Gram-positive bacteria namely; Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Mycobacterium tuberculosis MTCC 25177, Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, Staphylococcus epidermis ATCC 35984, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 314, and six Gram-negative bacteria namely; Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13882, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 7903, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 7002, Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 733, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 have been tested with CE and ME of Strelitzia reginae respectively. Among the test samples, sample CE showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Streptococcus mutans, and sample ME showed antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter aerogenes at 4 mg concentration per well.
Thirdly, since CE showed maximum antibacterial activity with maximum zone of inhibition values against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, minimum inhibitory concentration test was conducted on the micro-organisms that showed zones of inhibition. The sample-CE showed 50% inhibition at 1.25mg against Staphylococcus aureus, 0.625mg against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 1.25mg against Streptococcus mutans, 2.5mg against Escherichia coli, 1.25mg against Klebsiella pneumoniae, 2.5mg against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 2.5mg against Proteus mirabilis, 2.5mg against Enterobacter aerogenes in micro broth dilution technique.
Authors :
Ramesh L Londonkar and Rajani KS
Biopharmaceutical and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Gulbarga University, Kalaburagi -585106, Karnataka, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.02.19
Price: 500
A Study of Algal Diversity of Choral River with Reference to Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae and Cyanophyceae
By: Pradeep Mansore , Smriti Chitnis
Page No : 399-404
Abstract
A study was carried out algal diversity of Chlorophyceae, Bacillariophyceae and Cyanophyceae to record of Choral river. The colonial, filamentous, non-filamentous algal genera were recorded in this research study. Total 33 algal taxa were observed from three sites, i.e. site 1, site 2, and site 3 belonging to 8 orders and 17 species of Chlorophyceae, i.e. Spirogyra, Gonium, Pithophora, Oedogonium, Ankistrodesmus, Cosmarium, Closterium, Scenedesmus, Pediastrum, Tetraspora, Coelastrum, Mougeotia, Hydrodictyon, Staurastrum, Actinastrum, Selenastrum, Tetraedron Similaraly Bacillariophyceae members, i.e. Surirella, Navicula, Pinnularia, Cymbella, Gomphonema, Nitzschia, Rhopalodia, Pleurosigma 6 order and 9 species and Cyanophyceae members, i.e. Spirulina, Synechocystis, Oscillatoria, Anabaena, Microcystis, Nostoc, Merismopedia, of 4 order and 7 species were recorded. This paper deals with the identification of algal species from freshwater samples collected from different sites of river.
Authors :
Pradeep Mansore and Smriti Chitnis
Departmentof Botany, Mata Jijabai Govt. P.G. Girls’ College, Moti Tabela Indore.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.02.20
Price: 500
Influence of Organic Weed and Nutrient Management Practices on Weeds, Yields and Economics of Maize in Western Rajasthan
By: Lokesh Kumar Jain , P L Maliwal
Page No : 405-411
Abstract
An experiment was conducted during 2019-20 and 2020-21 at College of Agriculture, Sumerpur, Rajasthan, India on maize comprises 6 organic weed management and 5 organic nutrient management treatments implemented in split plot design with 3 replications. Among the various weed management treatments, the minimum total in weed dry matter (215.7 kg ha-1) and maximum weed control efficiency was observed in weed free check as against weedy check while the stale seedbed+ hoeing once at 20 DAS + straw mulch at 30 DAS was found at par to weed free check and gave minimum weed index. The grain, stover and biological yields of maize was significantly higher in weed free check as compared to weedy check and almost at per treatment stale seedbed+ hoeing once at 20 DAS + straw mulch at 30 DAS. The weed free check recorded maximum grain yield of 3,358 kg ha-1 and stover yield of 6,258 kg ha-1 and recorded significantly higher maximum net return while the treatment stale seedbed + hoeing once at 20 DAS + straw mulch at 30 DAS recorded maximum benefit to cost ratio (1.59). The 75% of recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN i.e. 90 kg N equivalent) through vermicompost in two splits (75% at sowing+25% as top dressing at 30 DAS) along with seed treatment with fermented organic manure i.e. beejamurt and two spray of jeevamurt significant lowered the weed dry matter as compared to 100% RDN through FYM at harvest in pooled analysis and recorded maximum grain yield (3,169 kg ha-1), net return (Rs. 26,373 ha-1) and benefit to cost ratio (1.49) as compared to 100% RDN through FYM. Similar trend was also reported in various yield attributes.
Authors :
Lokesh Kumar Jain : Ph.D.Schloar, Department of Agronomy, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur.
P L Maliwal : Ex-ICAR Emeritus Professor, MPUAT Udaipur Rajasthan-313001.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2021.37.02.21
Price: 500
Book Review
Climate Change, Photosynthes is and Advanced Biofuels: The Role of Biotechnology in the Production of Value-added Plant Bio-products
By: No author
Page No : 413-415
Mini Book Review
COP26: Global Initiatives on Climate Change and Global Warming: Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies
By: Ashwani Kumar
Page No : 417-425
Author :
Ashwani Kumar : Department of Botany and PG School of Biotechnology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan.
Jan-2020 to Dec-2020
Editoral
From the Chief Editor's Desk
By: ..
Page No : i,ii
Letter to the Editor
Robert Emerson, a major contributor to Photosynthesis, had pioneered research in Respiration in the 1920s, under Otto Warburg
By: Govindjee Govindjee
Page No : 1-4
Author : Govindjee Govindjee Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, and the Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.1
Price: 251
English translation of the 1927 doctoral thesis (in German)# of Robert Emerson, a pioneer in Photosynthesis
On the Effect of Hydrogen Cyanide, Hydrogen Sulfide and Carbon Monoxide on the Respiration of various Algae Inaugural Dissertation for Obtaining a Doctorate
By: Hartmut Lichtenthaler , Lars Olof Björn
Page No : 5-24
Authors :
Hartmut Lichtenthalera : Botanical Institute, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry of Plants, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany.
Lars Olof Björnb : Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
Price: 251
Need for paradigm shift in several sectors due to COVID-1
By: ..
Page No : 25-28
Compiled by
CP Malik
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.3
Price: 251
Jasmonates: An Emerging Approach in Biotic and Abiotic Stress Tolerance
By: Shivani Lalotra , Akhouri Hemantaranjan , Sanam Kumari , Bhudeo Rana Yashu
Page No : 29-39
Abstract :
Plant hormones acts as key signaling compounds in plant stress responses and development under biotic and abiotic stresses. The potential roles of novel phytohormones like Jasmonates had been considered so far and copious investigation is going on in finding the impending role of jasmonates in abiotic and biotic stresses. In the list of known classical plant hormones, jasmonates, [jasmonic acid and its methyl ester (methyl jasmonates)] shown as potential tool in enhancing tolerance of plants against various physiological processes. These oxidized lipids (oxylipins) mainly derived from ?linolenic acids (?-LAs), plays an active role in senescence, flower nectar secretion, G-protein signaling, and development in plants. Exogenous application of jasmonates on different plant parts have proved effective in improving plant abiotic stress tolerance particularly salinity, drought, and temperature (low/high) conditions and also in biotic stress tolerance like pathogen attack or wounding by production of defensive secondary metabolites, through the stimulation of phenyl-propanoid metabolism resulted from accumulation of JA in plant cells or tissues. Based on this prolific role of jasmonates and its derivatives in different fields of biological sciences these phytohormones have opened new vistas and increasing interest in future Agricultural, Biotechnological and Physiological researches.
Authors :
Shivani Lalotra, Akhouri Hemantaranjan, Sanam Kumari and Bhudeo Rana Yashu
Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India, 221005
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.4
Price: 251
Award Lecture - How I Reached Thus Far
By: C P Malik
Page No : 41-50
Abstract:
The present article summarises the long academic journey of more than five decades by the author. Having served in five universities, taught under and post graduate students and monitored umpteen MSc, MPhil and PhD students, completed several Research Projects sanctioned by PL 480, ICAR, CSIR, UGC, Atomic Energy, Panjab Govt. AICTE, and other agencies. In a long sojourn he was decorated with several Fellowships, Awards, Hons and Letters of Appreciation. Published 48 books, authored nearly 450 research papers in journals of repute. Participated in several seminars held in India and abroad. He was President of several societies.
Author :
CP Malik : Former Advisor School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur Dean College of Basic Sciences, PAU, Ludhiana
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.5
Price: 251
Ecotoxicity of a Pesticide Dichlorvos on a Biofertilizer Anabaena oryzae
By: Saumya Snehee , D.D. Pandey
Page No : 51-56
Abstract
Anabaena oryzae, an autotrophic nitrogen fixing cyanobacterium, exhibited strong potentiality to serve as bio-N-fertilizer in place of synthetic fertilizer, urea. But the cyanobacterium was very sensitive to an organophosphate pesticide dichlorvos, frequently employed in the paddy fields of Nalanda for pest control. Dichlorvos inhibited growth of the cyanobacterium above concentration of 5ppm, while the 75 and 100ppm doses were completely lethal for the microorganism. The lethal doses caused massive lysis of the cyanobacterial cells. However, the metabolic activities like photosynthesis, respiration or nitrogen fixation was not influenced by dichlorvos.
Authors :
Saumya Snehee and D.D. Pandey
Department of Biotechnology, Nalanda College, Biharsharif
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.6
Price: 251
A Review on Different Pharmacological & Biological Activities of Azadirachta indica A. Jusm. and Melia azedarach L.
By: Archana Mankad , Bhavna Singh , Dhruv Pandya
Page No : 57-63
Abstract :
Azadirachta indica A. Jusm and Melia azedarach L. are medicinal plants, belonging to Meliaceae family. They showed so many Pharmacological activities according to previous researchers like – Antibacterial, Antimicrobial, Anticancer, Antioxidant etc. Even these plants also have so many traditional uses like they are used in leprosy, eye disorders, bloody nose, intestinal worms, stomach upset, loss of appetite, skin ulcers, diseases of the heart and blood vessels (cardiovascular disease), fever, diabetes, gum disease and liver problems. This review also shows so many biological activities like Larvaecidal, Antidermatophytic, Immunostimulant, Anti-inflammatory, Antipyretic, Hepatoprotective, Antihelminthic, Insecticidal, Pelicudicial, Nematicidal, Cytotoxic, Antifertility activities.
Author :
Bhavna Singh, Dhruv Pandya and Archana Manka
Department of Botany, Bioinformatics and Climate Change Impacts Management, School of Science, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.7
Price: 251
Hormone related growth – promoting potentiality of cyanobacteria – A Review
By: Saumya Snehee
Page No : 65-69
Abstract :
Cyanobacteria are ubiquitous, oxygenic photosynthetic prokaryotic organisms. Their co-cultivation with rice, maize, wheat cotton have resulted in enhanced growth and yield of the concerned plant. Cyanobacterial extracts increase seed germination rate, root and shoot length as well. The extract treatment also help in organization of plant parts during tissue culture. Detail chemical analysis have revealed that cyanobacterial strains contain phytohormones like auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, ethylene, which promote growth and development of higher plants.
Author :
Saumya Snehee : Department of Biotechnology A.N. College, Patna-800024
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.8
Price: 251
Species Diversity of Aquatic Microphytes in Karmaveer Kannamwar (Dina Project) Reservoir Regadi, Chamorshi Tehsil, Gadchiroli (MS)
By: M.P. Meshram , R.V. Tijare , Zode Ravindra
Page No : 71-76
Abstract :
Aquatic microphytes play important role for the functioning aquatic ecosystems. in aquatic ecosystem as a primary producers and have a unique ability to fix inorganic carbon to build up organic substances through primary production. Assessment of aquatic macrophytes diversity from Karmaveer Kannamwar (Dina Project) reservoir Regadi of Chamorshi tehsil district Gadchiroli Maharashtra state, India. A total of 30 species were detected belonging to 6 families and 30 order. Chlorophyceae is the dominant family which contributes 14 species. It is necessary to assessment of biodiversity of aquatic microphytes for conservation and sustainable utilization of aquatic ecosystem.
Authors :
M. P. Meshram : Department of Zoology, C. J. Patel College, Tirora
R. V. Tijare : Department of Zoology, Institute OF Science, Nagpur
Zode Ravindra : Department of Botany, C. J. Patel College, Tirora
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.9
Price: 251
Rapid GC-MS based Phytochemical Profiling of Extracts of Germinating Seeds of Dolichos lablab Linn.
By: Sachin Palekar , Behnaz Patel , Nandini Girish , Sandhya Menon
Page No : 77-84
Abstract:
Dolichos lablab Linn. is a species of bean in the family Fabaceae. In order to reveal the nutraceutical potential of indigenous plants it is essential to develop quality parameters of standardization. In present study, the dried powder of germinating seeds was extracted in nonpolar solvents and the extracts were subjected to GC-MS based investigation for phytochemical profiling. GC-MS served as an operative device for concomitant evaluation of phytoconstituents from the seed extracts. This work provides rapid, sensitive & specific detection of various phytoconstituents present in Dolichos bean, which can help in exploring the therapeutic potential of the plant. This work therefore uncovers the phytochemical profile of Dolichos beans emphasizing their nutraceutical properties against important human diseases.
Authors:
Sachin Palekar :Department of Bioanalytical Sciences, Ramnarain Ruia Autonomous College, Matunga, Mumbai 400019
Behnaz Patel : Department of Botany, Ramnarain Ruia Autonomous College, Matunga, Mumbai 400019
Nandini Girish : Department of Botany, Ramnarain Ruia Autonomous College, Matunga, Mumbai 400019
Sandhya Menon : Department of Botany, Ramnarain Ruia Autonomous College, Matunga, Mumbai 400019
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.10
Price: 251
Ethnobotanical Survey of Medicinal Plants Used for the Treatment of Haemorrhoids in Ajantha Region District Aurangabad (MS) India
By: Nilesh P. Bhosle , Manish V. Bankar
Page No : 85-88
Abstract :
Piles are called as Haemorrhoids in medical terminology. Haemorrhoids are collection of inflamed tissue in the anal canal. Many people are suffering from Haemorrhoids in India due to undesired food and life style. It has chemical remedy but due to side effects people are using Ayurvedic medicine. So for this concern Ethnobotanical survey was carried out in Ajantha region to find out medicinal plants used for treatment of Haemorrhoids by local people like Tadvi bhilla, Mahadev Koli and other tribes peoples. The study revealed that 19 Plant species belongs to 14 families were found and as per tribes people knowledge it has potential to cure the Haemorrhoids.
Authors :
Manish V. Bankar and Nilesh P. Bhosle
Siddharth Arts, Commerce and Science College, Jafrabad Dist Jalna (MS) -431206
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.11
Price: 251
Prebreeding and Genetic Enhancement of Oilseed Crops through Wide Hybridization
By: M. Sujatha , K.T. Ramya , T. Papi Reddy
Page No : 89-97
Abstract:
Prebreeding programmes facilitate generation of novel populations essential for crop improvement programme besides identification of heterotic patterns needed for development of hybrid populations. One of the key factors which contributed to successful adoption of prebreeding approach is utilization of landrace germplasms, unadapted exotic lines, and wild relatives from the primary, secondary and tertiary genepools. Prebreeding and cultivar development are essential interdependent activities and are the major controlling factors that determine the pace at which cultivars are released consistently to the farmers. This chapter deals with attempts made employing certain prebreeding methods and strategies followed to transfer key genes from wild genepools to cultivated oilseed crops.
Authors :
M. Sujatha and K.T. Ramya : ICAR-Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030 (TS)
T. Papi Reddy : Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007 (TS)
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.12
Price: 251
Studies on Floral Morphovariations of Genus Ipomoea L. From Nasik, Maharashtra.
By: Shinde H.P. , Sangle M.P. , Sanap C.S.
Page No : 99-104
Abstract
The present research article deals with the study on floral morphovariations of genus Ipomoea L.; a dominant genus belonging to family Convolvulaceae. The detailed survey and frequent field visits were conducted during the period from January 2019 to February 2020. Total 10 species have been collected and studied from various localities like swampy forest area, road side, village, water bodies, and boundaries of agricultural fields across the Nasik region. The recorded species were listed and photographically illustrated to distinguish key characters. The habit, size, shape, pattern and color of corolla well as corresponding lengths of stamens, carpels and their projection have been demonstrated so as to delimit the taxa through primary identification. The species like I.cairica, I. carnea, I. triloba and I. companulata have been found to be distributed more commonly and quite invasive having persistent growth; showed intraspecific variation, complexity in terms of floral attributes, flowering period, anthesis etc.
Authors :
Shinde H.P., Sanap, C.S. and Sangle, M.P.
Dept. of Botany, K.V.N. Naik College, Nasik, Maharashtra.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.13
Characterization of chemical constituents in Viola odorata L. tissues by liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry
By: Lubna Aslam , Shajaat Hussain , Ramanjeet Kaur , Deepika Lalla , Venu Sharma , Nisha Kapoor , Ritu Mahajan
Page No : 105-116
Abstract
Viola odorata L. commonly known as Banafsha is a popular medicinal plant, used for the treatment of various respiratory ailments. Various plant tissue of Viola odorata plays an important role in anticancerous and antimicrobial activities. In the present study, metabolic profiling of the petiole and berry tissues of the plant was evaluated using LC-HRMS that revealed the presence of important metabolites in V. odorata. The petiole extract showed the presence of acetonic acid, cysteinyl glycine, dihydrocodeine, methionine, isoflavone glycoside and dafachronic acid, whereas berry extract indicated the presence of 6-methyl-2-thiouracil, 2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid, eugenol, cycloheximide, flavanol O-glycosides, myriocin, orotic acid, delphinidin. This is the first study that reports the presence of important metabolites in petioles and berries of V. odoarata from Kishtwar region of J&K.
Authors :
Lubna Aslam , Shajaat Hussain, Ramanjeet Kaur, Deepika Lalla, Venu Sharma, Nisha Kapoor and Ritu Mahajan
School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 180 006, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.14
Price: 251
High Throughput Extraction, Partial Purification and Characterization of Antioxidant Enzyme Ascorbate Peroxidase (Apx) Present in Chilli (Capsicum Annuum, Var. Azad Mirch-1) Plant
By: Anil Kumar , Saumya Katiyar
Page No : 117-124
Abstract
In this study, extraction, partial purification and characterization of antioxidant enzyme ascorbate peroxidase (APX) present in chilli (Capsicum annuum, var. Azad mirch-1) plant was performed. Fresh tissues of chilli plant were grown in experimental form of the Rama University Mandhana, Kanpur (India). APX enzyme was isolated in vitro conditions and detected by the spectrophotometic based enzyme assay. APX was purified with the use of column chromatography. APX enzyme was purified up to 59.62 fold with 30.33 % yield. The native molecular weight was obtained 57 kDa (homomer). The optimal temperature and pH of the chilli APX enzyme were found 55 °C and 7.5. The Km values were determined for both the substrate i.e. ascorbate and H2 O2 by drawing plots between enzyme velocity vs substrate concentration and obtained Km values of ascorbate and H2 O2 were found 2.41 mM and 1.77 mM respectively. Present study may be helpful for the agromonic practices and health related issues.
Authors :
Saumya Katiyar: Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Rama University, U.P., Kanpur (India)
Anil Kumar : Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Rama University, U.P., Kanpur (India)
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.15
Price: 251
Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Coefficient Studies in Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Genotypes under Foothill Condition of Nagaland
By: Kisemsala Longkumer , H.P. Chaturvedi
Page No : 125-130
Abstract :
Analysis of variance revealed significant variation among the genotypes for all the character studied. The studies also showed that the PCV were higher than the GCV for all the characters studied indicating the role of environmental variance in the total variance. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was observed in days to 50% flowering and diameter of pods indicating that these characters are controlled by additive gene effect and phenotypic selection of these characters would be effective for further breeding purpose. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive association with seeds per pod and shelling percentage. The path analysis revealed that seeds per pod contributed maximum positive direct effect on pod yield per plant and also exhibited positive correlation with yield. This shows true relationship between these traits and selection emphasis should be given on seeds per pod.
Authors :
Kisemsala Longkumer and H. P. Chaturvedi
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Nagaland University, SASRD, Medziphema- 797106
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.16
Price: 251
Evaluation of antibacterial properties of (Z)-7-methoxy-1, 5-dihydrobenzo[c] oxepine isolated from Curcuma caesia Roxb.
By: Arghya Ghosh
Page No : 131-134
Abstract :
The assessment of antimicrobial potentiality of (Z)-7-methoxy-1, 5-dihydrobenzo[c] oxepine was the primary objective of this study. Assessment of its antimicrobial activity was performed using disc diffusion assay respectively. The bioactive compound was terpenoid in nature. The MIC values tested against different pathogenic bacteria. The MIC values of this mono-terpenoid was 150 ?g/ml for the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Klebsiella pneumonia, Citrobacter freundii, Proteus vulgaris and 200 ?g/ml for the bacterium Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus mirabilis, Vibrio cholerae respectively. This is the first report of the bioactive nature of (Z)-7-methoxy- 1, 5- dihydrobenzo[c]oxepine against above microorganisms. Due to its antimicrobial property it may function in ethnomedicinal purpose.
Author :
Arghya Ghosh : Assistant Professor, under graduate and post graduate department of Botany, Darjeeling Govt College, Darjeeling, West Bengal, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.17
Price: 251
Rediscovery of Tectaria trimenii (Bedd.) C.Chr. (Dryopteridaceae: Pteridophyta), a Critically Endangered Fern, in South India.
By: Vineesh, T. V. , Reshma Raju , Venugopalakrishna Kurupu, V. , Gangaprasad, A.
Page No : 135-138
Abstract
Tectaria trimenii (Bedd.) C. Chr., which is a critically endangered fern, has been rediscovered in south India. This species was only once collected in India, by Beddome, in 1881. As nobody collected this species there after Beddome, it was thought probably to have become extinct in India. Detailed description and photographs are provided here to help botanists for an easy identification.
Authors :
Vineesh, T. V. : Research and Development Centre, Bharahtiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.
Reshma Raju : Department of Botany, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala
Venugopalakrishna Kurupu , V. : Research and Development Centre, Bharahtiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.
Gangaprasad, A.: Department of Botany, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.18
Price: 251
Morpho-cytology and its impact on seed viability in Vitex negundo (Linn) an unexplored wild shrub from Jammu division, J&K (India)
By: Nisha Bhagat , Mamata Jamwal , Arun Kumar Khajuria , Rupali Nanda
Page No : 139-149
Abstract :
Vitex negundo Linn. (Lamiaceae) is a wild aromatic shrub of immense medicinal utility. It is largely used to cure various fungal diseases, inflammations, hepato-protective and antioxidant disorders. Bearing in mind its worldwide distribution, medicinal potentialities and an unexplored position in J&K (India), present work embodying morpho-cytological details and its influence on pollen and seed viability was carried out on plant populations identified and localized from five districts of Jammu division of J&K, India (area of study). Morphological studies in these populations revealed non-significant difference between the mean of various parameters studied, whereas cytological studies affirms a stable diploid chromosome number of 2n=34. Despite of several abnormalities in the form univalents, multivalent (quadrivalents and hexavalents), chromosome stickiness and Bchromosomes, regular segregation during anaphase results in high pollen viability ranging from 81% to 95.7% in the plant species. From above observations it can thus be concluded that meiotic system has no role in determining the seed viability of the species. Various other factors such as physiological (hard seed coat) or maternal (role of genes) may be responsible for poor propagation of the species in natural conditions, which further needs detailed probing.
Authors :
Nisha Bhagat : Department of Botany, Government Degree College (Boys), Kathua, J&K, India-184104
Mamata Jamwal : Department of Education, J&K, India-181133
Arun Kumar Khajuria : Department of Botany, Cluster University Jammu, J&K, India-184001
Rupali Nanda : Department of Botany, Government Degree College (Boys), Kathua, J&K, India-184104
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.19
Price: 251
Isolation and Characterization of Lectins from Dolichos lablab and Lagenaria siceraria
By: Prachi Nikam , Kanchan Chitnis
Page No : 151-156
Abstract:
Lectins are proteins found in plants and different organisms. They possess the ability to bind to specific carbohydrate and can agglutinate erythrocytes. In the present study, two Indian varieties of plants namely, Field Beans (Dolichos lablab) and Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) were used to extract and characterize lectins for their haemagglutination activity against the human ABO blood group antigens. Boiled and unboiled seeds and pulp were used. Crude extracts were prepared using 0.15M NaCl solution and were estimated for proteins by Biuret method. Salting out fractions were obtained using Ammonium sulphate and proteins from these fractions were estimated by Folin Lowry method. Field beans had higher protein content (4.76mg/ml) than Bottle Gourd (1.05 mg/ml) and there was a decrease in protein content after boiling(2.12 mg/ml, and 0.58 mg/ml respectively). The crude extract and fractions were assayed for qualitative and quantitative hemagglutination activity and sugar specificity. Field Beans extract of unboiled seeds showed agglutination with human blood group A and B and showed a very high intensity with Hemagglutination Units (HU) of 1024. Field Beans extract showed agglutination with blood group A even after boiling, although the intensity was lesser than unboiled extract. Bottle Gourd extracts did not show any agglutination activity. Positive haemagglutination for Blood Group A and B was observed exclusively in Dolichos lablab fraction: 0-25%. The other fractions did not show any haemagglutination activity indicating that lectin was extracted in the 0-25% fraction. This fraction was electrophoresed by Native PAGE. A single band of approximately 66.5kDa was observed on the gel. Lectins of Dolichos lablab were found to bespecific for sugars- Glucose, Galactose and Lactose. From this study, it was concluded that boiling decreased the lectin activity but did not completely alleviate it. This is contrary to the belief that boiling leads to complete removal of lectin activity. Agglutination activity of Dolichos lablab lectin can be used in blood typing and also in differentiation of normal and aberrant cells. Lectins can help in early detection of changes in cell topology, especially in cancer. The lectin from Dolichos lablab has shown to be very potent, with very high agglutination titreunits. Thus, it shows great promise in detecting very subtle changes in glyco-topology of aberrant cells.
Authors:
Prachi Nikam : Post Graduate Student of Department of Life Science, Ramnarain Ruia Autonomous College, L.N.Road, Matunga East, Mumbai, India, 400019
Kanchan Chitnis :Assistant Professor, Department of Life Science, Ramnarain Ruia Autonomous College, L.N. Road, Matunga East, Mumbai, India, 400019.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.20
Price: 251
Phytochemical and antioxidant attributes of Rhus chinensis Mill., an edible wild fruit from Sikkim Himalaya
By: Dhani Raj Chhetri , Justina Mahanta , Arun Chettri , Aditya Pradhan
Page No : 157-166
Abstract:
Rhus chinensis Mill. is a wild medicinal plant found in Sikkim Himalaya, which yields edible fruits. The juice concentrate from the fruits is used traditionally for the cure of various gastric disorders. The present study was carried out to analyze the phytochemical and nutraceutical constituents of the fruits of R. chinensis and to see whether the antioxidant properties are related to these constituents. Proximate and nutritional analyses were performed by the AOAC methods. Lycopene and ?carotene were estimated by the method of Nagata and Yamashita. Total phenolics was calculated in terms of gallic acid equivalents and total flavonoids as well as flavonol contents were calculated as rutin equivalents using standard methods. Antioxidant capacity was determined by DPPH, ABTS, Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity and total antioxidant activity. Mineral contents were determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). The findings reveal the presence of a very high content of phenolics, flavonoids, vitamin C and dietary fibres in addition to the appreciable amounts of lipids, total carbohydrates and calorific value. The fruit extracts prepared in water, ethyl acetate and aqueous methanol exhibited strong antioxidant activity in different assays. Solvent and assay specific variations were evident. The fruits also contained high levels of micro- and macro elements. The study supports the medicinal and nutritional value of Rhus chinensis. The medicinal properties exhibited by the fruit extracts may be due to its strong antioxidant properties and the antioxidant properties in turn may be due to the presence of appreciable level of secondary metabolites.
Authors :
Dhani Raj Chhetri, Jutisna Mahanta, Arun Chettri and Aditya Pradhan
Department of Botany, Sikkim University, 6th Mile, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim-737102, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.21
Price: 251
Floristic composition and life form spectrum analysis of vascular plants growing in Gargi College campus, University of Delhi, Delhi-49
By: Renu Soni , Renu Puri , Vera Yurngamla Kapai
Page No : 167-175
Abstract:
Floristic diversity is specific for an ecological area and plays an important role in every ecosystem. The present study deals with floristic composition and life form analysis of vascular plants, which grow in Gargi college campus and are compared with Raunkiaer’s life form spectrum. The whole campus area was surveyed during 2018 to 2019 for the record of plant specimens. Plant species growing wild as well as cultivated have been listed belonging to vascular plants (angiosperm, gymnosperm and pteridophyte). A total of 199 plant species of 172 genera and 69 families were recorded, including 2 pteridophytes, 7 gymnosperms and 190 angiosperms (23% monocots and 77% dicots). Fabaceae was found as the most dominant family in the flora of the project area that contributed 17 species, followed by Apocynaceae (10 species), Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Moraceae and Poaceae (9 species), Asparagaceae and Malvaceae (8 species), Arecaceae (7 species) while rest of the families shared 1-6 species. It was recorded that herbs were dominating fraction in the floristic composition that contributed 38%, followed by trees (32%), shrubs (16%), climbers (5%) and shrub to trees (4%), whereas rest of 4 categories were in the range of 3- 0.005%. Phanerophytes were the most abundant life form that constituted 55.28% of the total flora, followed therophytes by (29.15%), chamaephytes (6.53%), geophytes (5.03%) hemicryptophytes (3.02%), and hydrophytes (1.01%).
Authors :
Renu Soni, Renu Puri and Vera Yurngamla Kapai
Department of Botany, Gargi College, Delhi University, Delhi-110007
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.22
Price: 251
Variability and character association studies in Black gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper)
By: Thokala Surekha , Pankaj Shah , Preeti Kumari
Page No : 177-183
Abstract:
Present study was conducted to assess the magnitude of variability and character association for grain yield and contributing traits in black gram genotypes at the experimental farm of School of Agricultural Sciences and Rural Development, Nagaland University Medziphema campus representing foot hill condition of Nagaland. Pulses being the major source of protein of vegetarian population of India are high in demand. So this study aimed to identify genotypes of black gram which have a broad spectrum of variability and traits having positive association with seed yield for indirect selection. Studies were done in twenty-six genotypes of black gram for twelve traits. The results indicated that PCV was higher than the GCV for almost of all the traits. High heritability was observed for seed yield per plant, number of pods per cluster and number of clusters per plant suggesting that these traits are primarily under genetic control. Correlation studies revealed a significant and positive association of seed yield per plant with number of pods per cluster and number of clusters per plant at phenotypic level. In general, the magnitude of genotypic correlation was higher than the phenotypic correlation. This suggested a strong genetic association between the traits and the phenotypic expression was suppressed due to environmental influence. Based on variability and association studies, number of seeds per pod and number of pods per cluster were found to be the major contributing traits for yield. Therefore, these traits can be considered as selection criteria for selection and for discrimination of outstanding black gram genotypes.
Authors:
Thokala Surekha, Pankaj Shah and Preeti Kumari
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding - School of Agricultural Sciences & Rural Development, Nagaland University, Medziphema-797106 Dist. Dimapur Nagaland
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.23
Price: 251
Reducing the Use of Fungicides Sprays with Natural Compounds and Biocontrol Agents for Late Blight Management: A Review
By: Abdul Majeed , Zahir Muhammad , Rehmanullah , Naila Inayat , Saira Siyar , Shabir Hussain Wani
Page No : 185-196
Abstract:
Late blight of potato, a pathogenic disease of members of Solanaceae caused by Phytophthora infestans, has drastic effects on yield and quality of potato and tomato. The disease is generally managed by exhaustive applications of different fungicides, which manifests an efficient mechanism to minimize yield losses; however, the evolution of new pathogenic strains of P. infestans with unusual virulence potentials and fungicide resistance and environmental problems caused by fungicide use has drawn much attention in recent times to revise the disease control methods. Addressing the public and scholarly concerns over the frequent uses of late blight fungicides, novel, eco-friendly and safe, natural compounds are needed to be used as fungicides alternative for controlling late blight disease. This article reviews the potential role and efficacy of some natural compounds as alternative agents to commonly used fungicides. The discussion particularly focuses on plant and compost extracts, essential oils and biological antagonists as a whole or their products as possible substitutes or analogues to synthetic fungicides.
Author:
Abdul Majeed : Department of Botany, Government Degree College Naguman, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Zahir Muhammad : Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Rehmanullah : Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Naila Inayat : Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Saira Siyar : Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Shabir Hussain Wani :Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Khudwani -192 101, Sher-e-Kashmir, University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.24
Price: 251
Antioxidant activity of micro propagated Ocimum citriodorum
By: K. Santhi , P. Udhayaraja , R. Sengottuvel
Page No : 197-201
Abstract :
In vitro studies on micropropagation protoplast culture on Ocimum citriodorum and its antioxidant activity was investigated. The healthy plants of Ocimum citriodorum were collected in Kodaikanal were raised and maintained at Poonga Biotech Research Centre, Chennai. Maximum primary callus initiation (75 ± 5.0 %) for Ocimum citriodorum was documented in leaf explants on MS medium supplemented with 2, 4-D (4.52 ?M). Similarly MS medium supplemented with BA (4.44 ?M) and NAA (0.14 ?M) recorded 75 % shoot regeneration producing highest number of total shoots (8.33 ± 1.15) with an average shoot length of 5.43 ± 0.06 cm from nodal explants after six weeks of culture. the optimal rooting response was observed on half strength MS medium supplemented with IBA (2.46 ?M) in terms of average number of roots (6.0± 1.0) with mean root length of 4.90 ± 0.26 cm per shoot with 75±5.0 % of rooting response recorded after 30 days of culture. mother plant and in vitro plant had the highest radical-scavenging activity (71.3%) and (65.2) respectively. Least percentage of radical-scavenging activity (17.6 %) was recorded in the in vitro callus extract (Methanol extract) of Ocimum citriodorum.
Authors :
K. Santhi : Assistant professor, Department of Botany, Selvamm Arts and Science College, Namakkal
P. Udhayaraja : Assistant professor, Department of Microbiology, Kongu College of Arts and Science, Karur
R. Sengottuvel : Assistant professor, Department of Botany, Arignar Anna Govt Arts College, Namakkal
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.25
Price: 251
Note on extended distribution of Vigna indica Dixit et al (Fabaceae) in Karnataka, India
By: Sidanand V. Kambhar , Rahul R. Patil , Manjunath L. Hanji
Page No : 203-204
Abstract:
The species of Vigna indica Dixit et al, was recorded from Vijayapur and Chikodi tahshil of Belagavi District, Karnataka. The present collection of this species found new distribution record for Karnataka state. The short description and distribution also been provided.
Authors :
Sidanand V. Kambhar, Rahul R. Patil and Manjunath L. Hanji
Post Graduate Department of Botany, KLE Society’s, Basavaprabhu Kore Art’s, Science and Commerce College, Chikodi, Belagavi- 591 201,
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.26
Price: 251
Callus Induction, Proliferation, Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration in Gladiolus Communis L.
By: Peer Saffeullah , Neelofer Nabi
Page No : 205-209
Abstract:
Gladiolus communis L. is an ornamental herb belonging to family Iridaceae, which is widely used in cut-flower business. But multiplication rate of Gladiolus is very slow in natural conditions and is damaged by Fusarium corm rot. So, this study was aimed to design an efficient callus induction and plant regeneration protocol for Gladiolus. Callus was induced using bulb explants of Gladiolus when incubated on MS medium supplied with various concentrations of 2,4-D. Maximum callus proliferation was obtained in 0.5 mgL-1 2,4-D amended medium, but the proportion of callus proliferation showed a decreasing tendency at higher concentration (1-2 mgL-1 2,4-D). At lower concentrations (0.5 mgL-1 2, 4-D), the maximum callus proliferation was observed (1.10 g), while at 1.0 mgL-1the callus biomass was 0.9 g in 4 weeks after inoculating the initial mass of 0.3g of callus . So, high concentrations of 2, 4-D decreased the rate of callus formation. Auxins particularly, 2,4-D (1-2 mgL-1) is crucial for initiation of embryogenicalli with maximum embryogenic induction frequency of 70% in 0.5 mgL-1 2,4-D supplemented MS medium. The medium when supplemented with BAP either alone or in combination with NAA results in development of somatic embryos with globular and other stages. The maximum no. of embryos was observed in 0.5 mgL-1BAP and 0.5 mgL-1 NAA amended medium. Plants were regenerated on the BAP and NAA supplemented medium with maximum conversion frequency of 75% in 0.5 mgL-1 BAP and 0.2 mgL-1 NAA added medium. Rooting of regenerated plants was done on 0.5 mgL-1 IBA fortified half strength MS medium. So, this efficient protocol for callus induction, proliferation, somatic embryogenesis can be used for rapid propagation of Gladiolus communis.
Authors:
Peer Saffeullah :Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India-110062
Neelofer Nabi : Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India-190006
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.27
Price: 251
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal and Endophytic (DSE) association in the dominant grasses of Melghat Forest (Phase -II), India
By: P.W. Deotare , S.P. Khodke , R.C. Maggirwar , S.K. Kharwade
Page No : 211-224
Abstract :
Soil fungi play a crucial role in producing fundamental ecosystem services such as soil fertility, nutrient cycling and establishment of plant community dynamics in the forest. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are one of the most important members of this soil microbial community in the ecosystem. They are beneficial soil symbionts fulfilling a key function in the complex networks of belowground biotic interactions. As Melghat Tiger Reserve of Satpura terrain India was not surveyed earlier by anybody to explore AMF diversity associated with grasses, we have carried out the survey in two phases. In the phase II of study, different grass species belonging to 35 species of 27 genera from core region were screened for association of AMF and dark septate endophyte (DSE). All these grasses were randomly collected from 9 different sites. Sporobolus indicus var. fertilis was found to be the most dominant grass species. The composite soil sample was prepared for each site and used for physico-chemical analysis by standard methods and their correlation study was carried out.
The rhizosphere soil samples were used to extract AMF spores and out of 1214 viable spores from 9 different sites in all 25 different AMF species representing 4 genera were identified. The mean % AMF was found to range between 5.83 to 47.31,% DSE from 0.22 to 29.43 and spore count from 0.66 to 65.33. Acaulosporas crobiculata Trappe was the most dominant AMF species. The roots showed hyphal penetration and appressorium, vesicles, H-connections and Y-junctions of hyphae, hyphal coils, intraradical spores, extraradical hyphae and spores which confirmed the AMF association. Various types of arbuscules have been reported such as in 17 grasses Arum type, in 28 grasses Paris type and in 2 grasses intermediate type. Intra radicle spores were found in 7 grasses.
The grass family is one of the largest and important families of the plant kingdom. It has great adaptability and is essential component of all type of ecosystems. In present investigation the consistent colonization of AMF along with DSE association with grasses suggests that these fungi have a significant ecological function. Such studies could provide very useful information for the maintenance of special habitats like Melghat Tiger Reserve forest. We need to design further studies to understand the significance of the coexistence of these fungi at the ecosystem level by using some molecular tools
Authors :
P.W. Deotare : Mycorrhizal Bio-technology Lab, P.G. Department of Botany, Shri Shivaji Science College, Amravati, Maharashtra, India.
S.P. Khodke : Vinayak Vidnyan Mahavidyalaya, Nandgaon(Kh.), Amravati, Maharashtra, India
R.C. Maggirwar : Mycorrhizal Bio-technology Lab, P.G. Department of Botany, Shri Shivaji Science College, Amravati, Maharashtra, India.
S.K. Kharwade : Mycorrhizal Bio-technology Lab, P.G. Department of Botany, Shri Shivaji Science College, Amravati, Maharashtra, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.28
Price: 251
Novel Researches in Life Sciences : Plants
By: C P Malik
Page No : 225-235
Abstract:
In the new year umpteen new discoveries are made in different organisms. The present review highlights some of the outstanding novel researches pertinent to plants. Key words: corn ears, genome editing, clones of rice, striga, plant hormone, seed dormancy, maternal, moonlighting gene, maize, precision agriculture, mushrooms, antioxidants, ageing, Walnut, barley grains, farming.
Author:
CP Malik : Former Adviser and Jaipur National University, Jaipur
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.29
Price: 251
Variable antioxidative responses to salt (NaCl) stress among seven different sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) varieties
By: R. Desingh , G. Kanagaraj
Page No : 237-244
Abstract :
Antioxidant characteristics were determined in seven sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) varieties (PAIYUR-1, SVPR-1, TMV-3, TMV-4, TMV-5, VIR-1 and VIR-2) subjected to salt stress of different concentrations (0, 40, 80 and 120mM) as a basal dose and sampling was done in leaves on 30th Days After Treatment (DAT). Leaf extracts of TMV-3 showed higher antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, GR, APX and POD), while the lowest activities were recorded with PAIYUR-1. Lower rates of membrane lipid peroxidation and electrolytic leakage were noticed in the leaves of TMV-4 under salt stress. The leaves of TMV-3 and TMV-4 accumulated more proline, glycine betaine and abscisic acid under salt stress while lower content in PAIYUR-1 and VIR-1. Our data revealed that among seven sesame varieties TMV-3 and TMV-4 have efficient antioxidative characteristics which could provide better protection against oxidative stress in leaves under salt stressed conditions.
Authors:
R. Desingh and G. Kanagaraj
Department of Botany, Annamalai University, Chidambaram,Tamil Nadu-608 002, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.30
Price: 251
Floral Phenology of Chlorophytum arundinaceum Baker in Subtropical Climes of Jammu.
By: Namrata Sharma , Mamata Jamwal , Renuka Kumari
Page No : 245-248
Abstract:
Chlorophytum arundinaceum Baker, a perennial herb with a disc like reduced stem and thick, fleshy and cylindrical root tubers, is a plant of repute as its fasciculated roots are reported to be used as a tonic and constitute an important ingredient in number of ayurvedic and unani formulations. Present communication is based on phenological events of this medicinally important species in the subtropical climes of study area i.e. Jammu, J&K state, India. Every year these plants pass a brief period of senescence from November to February when temperature dips down even to 10.1° C. New flush of leaves sprout in the middle of March or beginning of April. Commencement of flowering occurs in the end of April. Flowers are arranged into large sized panicles. Placement of essential organs in the flowers, protandry and other pollination events reveal species to be a cross pollinated one. Fruiting occurs by the end of August/ September and the above ground parts dry up by the middle of November.
Authors:
Renuka Kumari, Mamata Jamwal and Namrata Sharma
Department of Botany, University of Jammu, Jammu, J&K, India - 180006
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.31
Price: 251
Salinity Stress on Mineral Elements in Seven Sesame Varieties
By: R. Desingh , G. Kanagaraj
Page No : 249-254
Abstract:
Salinity is one of the environmental limiting factors in agricultural production for the aim of investigating the effects of salt stress on some physiological traits in seven sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) varieties including PAIYUR–1, SVPR–1, TMV–3, TMV–4, TMV–5, VIR–1 and VIR–2. Young and fully matured leaves were taken from control and salinity treated plants on 15th Days After Treatment (DAT), 30th (DAT) and 45th (DAT) for all the experiments in different salinity (NaCl) concentrations of control, 40mM, 80mM, 120Mm. During the experiments the minerals elemental analysis of the leaves content of were measured. On 45th DAT, significantly higher enhancement of various minerals elements, abscisic acid and protein content was observed in TMV-3 with 120mM salinity by relative to control plants while lower enhancement was noticed in PAIYUR-1 with 120mM salinity by compared to control plants. Moderate enhancement of various physiochemical parameters was monitored in the variety VIR-2, TMV-3 was closely followed by TMV-4, VIR-1, SVPR-1 and TMV-5 with 120mM salinity on 45th DAT compared to control plants. Our results suggest that better high percentage of maintained higher content of mineral elements, abscisic acid and protein content and lower accumulation of sodium and chloride in the leaves in TMV-3 indicates its adaptability to salinity stress.
Authors:
G. Kanagaraj : Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, Government Arts college for men, Krishnagiri- 635 001,Tamilnadu, India.
R. Desingh : Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.32
Price: 251
Control of some fungal disease of Arachis hypogeal L. (Groundnut) by using plant leaf extract
By: V.B. Sonawane
Page No : 255-259
Abstract:
The present studies control of fungal disease of Arachis hypogeal L. by using plant leaf extract during the period 2018– 2019. Plant suffers from many fungal diseases. Fungal disease management programme cost very effective and eco friendly components like plant extract are used to control soil borne fungal plant pathogens. Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia bataticola fungal plant pathogens of groundnut. Effect of four different plant extracts at three different concentrations 30%, 50%, and 100 percentage. The fungal pathogen was studied by Food poisoning Technique. The 100 % concentration of these plants extracts showed more inhibition in the growth of pathogen than other 50% and 30 % concentration. Maximum percentage of 64.7 and 77.5 was recorded against Aspergillus flavus using the leaf extract of Adhatoda vasica at 50 and 100 percentage concentrations respectively. Datura stramonium was least effective in inhibiting growth of Rhizoctonia bataticola with percentage inhibition of only 67.8. Fusarium oxysporum was effectively controlled by Datura stramonium, Withania somnifera. Withania somnifera was found to be most effective in controlling Aspergillus niger while Datura stramonium was effective against Aspergillus niger. In general Datura stramonium, Withania somnifera were effective control of fungal pathogen as compared other two leaf extract.
Author :
V.B. Sonawane : Arts, Commerce and Science College Nandgaon, Dist. Nashik
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.33
Price: 251
Pollen Viability Study of Solanum erianthum D. Don
By: Soumi Ghosh , Tustu Mondal , Anjalika Roy
Page No : 261-265
Abstract :
Pollen viability tested in Solanum erianthum D. Don by stain tests and in vitro pollen germination to ascertain the effects of essential compounds on pollen germination for designing efficient seed setting. Three stain tests (TTC, acetocarmine and safranin) and different growth media test e.g. sucrose, boric acid and gibberellic acid (alone and in combination) were done for pollen viability. The flowers generally open at 04:30 to 07:00 AM, after which anther dehiscence takes place. TTC test was more reliable. Percentage of germination was low in sucrose or boric acid medium. Maximum germination and pollen tube development was in 25% sucrose solution with 100 ppm boric acid. The gibberellic acid added to the basal medium reduced the germination rate. Accurate nutrient medium is required for proper growth and development of pollen tube.
Authors :
Soumi Ghosh :Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan- 731235, India
Tustu Mondal : Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier’s College, Burdwan-713103, India
Anjalika Roy : Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan- 731235, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.34
Price: 251
Unveiling the Secrets of Plant-parasitic Nematodes for Effective Management
By: Shilpy Shakya , Bindhya Chal Yadav
Page No : 267-280
Abstract:
Plant-parasitic nematodes are one of the nature’s most successful of all parasites. These tiny animals have been reported from all terrains of all continents. In spite of having one of the simplest body forms, these animals have diversified them to acquire almost all possible niches and their feeding habits. Several important features present with them greatly help them to have upper hand compared to other pathogens in nature. Even in the absence of amphimixis in certain plant-parasitic nematodes, these animals have tremendous genetic diversity. Plant-parasitic nematodes have developed sophisticated strategies to cross-talk with their host. Several important proteins effectors from nematode and also, proteins from host faithfully co-ordinates this sophisticated dialogue between host-pathogens. It has also been reported that plant-parasitic nematodes have acquired / borrowed genes from bacteria through a process of horizontal gene transfer. Painstaking researches have led to identification of the parasitism genes which encodes the proteins required for successful completion of life-cycle. Although responsible for more than $175 billion annually to worldwide agriculture, we have only a handful method to control the damage caused by them. Our limited understanding of the biology of these nematodes severely limits our progress towards designing novel control strategies. With introduction of the several new molecular tools in field of plant nematology, have opened up new vistas in our understanding and also offered unparallel opportunity to look beyond traditional control methods and have a look in secret world of plant-parasitic nematodes.
Authors:
Shilpy Shakya : Assistant Professor, Department of Zoology, Govt. (PG) College Fatehabad, Agra, India
Bindhya Chal Yadav : Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, Govt. (PG) College Fatehabad, Agra, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.35
Price: 251
Effect of Salinity Stress on Growth Performance, Cellular Responses and Antioxidant Production Capacity of Medicinal Plants
By: Malini Bhattacharyya , Puneet S. Singh , Babita Patni
Page No : 281-287
Abstract:
Soil salinity is a condition of the presence of a high amount of salt ions in the soil. Salt ions are toxic for plants. It is also harmful for medicinal plants. High salt concentration in the soil causes necrosis, rupture in the cell membrane and tissue degradation. But in plants, salinity stress acts as an elicitor of secondary metabolites. The saline condition helps in the up-regulation of defense mechanisms. For that reason, the accumulation of a large number of secondary metabolites happens. These could be beneficial for industries as well as transgenic research. In this review, we discussed the significance of salinity stress on medicinal plants growth pattern, cellular signalsand secondary metabolites up-regulation.
Authors:
Malini Bhattacharyya : Department of Enviornmental Plant Biology, High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India
Puneet S. Singh :Lovely Professional University, Punjab
Babita Patni : Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant, High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.36
Price: 251
FTIR and HPLC Analysis of Andrographis Alata (Vahl.) Nees of Family Acanthaceae
By: K. Bhavani , S. Bangajavalli
Page No : 289-294
Abstract:
The present investigation was carried out to determine the various bioactive components of whole plant of Andrographis alata (Vahl.) Nees using FTIR and HPLC analysis. The FTIR analysis of Andrographis alata (Vahl.) Nees showed various stretching frequencies revealed the presence of Alkyl halides, alkynes, alkenes ether, ether or aloxy, acyl or nitro compounds, alkene or aromatics, amides, ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acid, alkanes, alcohol, aromatic ring, amides , amines, alkynes and phenol. By using HPLC analysis showed the presence of the 0.01 % of andrographolide. The detailed investigation done with these processes helps in screening active compounds from this plant which lead to further discovery of new drugs for various diseases and ailments.
Authors:
K. Bhavani and S. Bangajavalli
Department of Botany, Sri Parasakthi College for Women, Courtallam-627802, Tamil Nadu, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.37
Price: 251
Development and Validation of a GC-MS with SIM Method for the simultaneous estimation of 13 docosenamide, n-tetracosanol-1 and squalene from the leaf extracts of Wagatea spicata
By: Nandini Girish , Vikas Vaidya , Seema Sapale
Page No : 295-302
Abstract:
Wagatea spicata (Dalzell) Wight (Moullava spicata (Dalzell) Nicolson) is a plant of the western ghats of India. The plant has been popularly used in tribal medicine as a cure for respiratory and skin disorders in the form of its roots and stem bark respectively. [8,16] However, the folklore does not give much account of the benefits of the leaves of the plant. Three phytoconstituents have been isolated and characterized using advanced techniques like the Infra-Red (IR) spectroscopy, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy from the said plant. [12,13]
In order to establish the additional quality parameters, the prime objective of the present work was to assess the phytochemical profile of the plant. Effort was made to quantify 13 docosenamide, ntetracosanol-1 and squalene from the leaf extracts of Wagatea spicata using GC-MS. A simple, precise and accurate GC-MS method has been established for simultaneous quantitation of three components (13 docosenamide, squalene and n-tetracosanol-1) from Wagatea spicata.
Authors:
Nandini Girish : Ramnarain Ruia Autonomous College, Matunga, Mumbai
Vikas Vaidya : Royal College of Science, Arts and Commerce, Mira Road, Thane
Seema Sapale : Kirti M Doongursee College, Dadar, Mumbai
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.38
Price: 251
Ultrasonic Assessment of Refined and Unrefined Mustard Oils
By: Kumari Bibha , Yadav R.P. , Singh P.P.
Page No : 303-311
Abstract:
This paper presents an ultrasonic method to measure the physico-chemical properties of mustard oil. This oil has a distinctive pungent taste, characteristic of all plants in the mustard (Brassicaceae) family.1 Over last decade less work has been done in evaluation of physico-chemical for a wide variety of mustard oil using ultrasonic technique. Ultrasound can be used to determine the dynamic rheology and composition of oils, the oil contents.2 Mustard oil has been ultrasonically assessed because of it has an important implication in spread ability and consistency of fatty materials. Ultrasonic velocity and attenuation measurements have useful in investigations of structures of oils and interactions between the molecules.3 The ultrasonic velocity (v), density (ñ), acoustic impedance (Z), adiabatic compressibility ( ), free length ( ) have been measured at fixed frequencies, 3MHz, in mustard oils. Mustard oils have characterized for specific gravity, ash content, iodine value, acid value, saponification value, peroxide value, free fatty acid, and refractive indices using standard methods.4 Low power ultrasound [LPU] in the food industry is as an analytical technique for providing information about the physicochemical properties of foods, such as composition, structure and physical state are responsible for changes in acoustical parameters.5,6 Physical properties of edible oils depend primarily on composition and temperature. The influences of temperature on physical-chemical properties are analyzed so that the refined oils and other exotic varieties have arrived recently. Mustard oil is best when consumed in its raw form known as ‘kachchi ghani’. “Our forebears have used mustard oil for centuries”. A comparative study of different brands of mustard oil has shown in present paper.
Authors :
Kumari Bibha : Department of Physics, Invertis University, Bareilly-243123,UP India
Yadav R. P. : Govt. P. G. College, Bilaspur (Rampur) – 262201,UP India
Singh P.P. : Department of Physics, Invertis University, Bareilly-243123,UP India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.39
Price: 251
Elucidating the Significance of Nitrogen requirements in Rice Cultivation: Review
By: Babita Patni
Page No : 313-321
Abstract:
High N loss and low N use efficiency (NUE), caused by high N fertilizer inputs and inappropriate fertilization patterns, have become debating issues in the rice (Oryza sativa L.) Nitrogen (N) is the most important nutrient in irrigated rice production. The high yields of irrigated rice also gets associated with large applications of fertilizer N (Cassman et al., 1998). Although N supply drives productivity, low fertilizer N use efficiency is a major characteristic of irrigated rice systems (Cassman et al., 1998). The low fertilizer N use efficiency has to be increased in the next decades to increase rice production to meet the food demands of a rapidly growing population (Jing et. al. 2007). Rice is one of the most important food crops in China, accounting for about 28% of the total grain-sown area, 43% of total grain production, and 40% of total calorific intake in the country (Huang et al., 2001). Approximately, 30% of the nitrogen used as fertilizer in the world is consumed in China of which rice crop consumes about 37% (Peng et al., 2002). The average rate of N application for rice production in China is high and N use efficiency is low when compared with other major rice growing countries (Peng et al., 2002). Reduction of N loss enhances both N in the soil and N use efficiency, alongwith reduced environmental costs associated with denitrification and leaching of NO3 (George et al., 1993). Nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency in irrigated cultivation is lower than that of dryland rice with or without covering the soil by plastic film (Ai et al., 2003). Hence, it is important to improve N use efficiency in the rice crop in the world (Lin et. al., 2006).We must understand role of nitrogen in rice production because nitrogen is an essential plant nutrient being a important component of amino acids, nucleic acids, nucleotides, chlorophyll, enzymes, and hormones required for rapid plant growth and improves grain yield and grain quality through higher tillering, leaf area development, grain formation, grain filling, and protein synthesis. In this regard the article has focused on how the nitrogen fertilizer is applied, what is the impact of fertilizer nitrogen dose on morphophysiological, biochemical and yield attributes of rice. However, future research is required to investigate the most appropriate urea application sites and fertilization nitrogen levels for different soil types. Therefore, we could assume that adoption of suitable fertilizer dose in rice cultivation is very important in enhancing agricultural benefits.
Author:
Babita Patni : Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant, High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.40
Price: 251
Influence of foliar application of mineral nutrients on vegetative and fruit quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cv. Chandler
By: Gurpias Singh , Dilip Singh Kachwaya , Venkata Satish Kuchi , Manjinder Singh , Jagmeet Singh , Bavdeep Singh
Page No : 323-328
Abstract :
An experiment was conducted at the Agriculture Research Farm, Department of Agriculture, Mata Gujri College, Sri Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab during the year 2017-18 to study the effect of pre-harvest foliar application of nutrients on growth, yield and fruit quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cv. Chandler. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) having nine treatments with three replications. Treatments consisted of FeSO4 (0.4% and 0.6%), ZnSO4 (0.4% and 0.6%), Ca(NO3 ) 2 (0.4% and 0.6%) and Borax (0.1% and 0.2%), while in control water is sprayed. The results revealed that the plants treated with 0.6% FeSO4 increase vegetative growth in terms of plant height (20.91 cm), plant spread (31.37 cm), number of leaves per plant (28.50), leaf area (110.00 cm2 ), leaf area index (3.77), leaf fresh weight per plant (59.38 g) and leaf dry weight per plant (17.11 g). Maximum number of flowers per plant (17.52) and number of fruits per plant (12.19) also reported in plants treated with 0.6% FeSO4 . However, the plants treated with 0.6% ZnSO4 increase yield attributes and fruit quality attributes in the terms of fruit weight (13.52 g), fruit length (44.52 mm), fruit breadth (30.64 mm), yield per plant (129.10 g), yield per hectare (6.76 tonnes), TSS (12.67 ° B), ascorbic acid (60.53 mg/100g pulp), total sugar (7.96 %) and lowest acidity (0.78 %). Highest shelflife of fruits (2.75 days) were recorded in 0.6% Ca(NO3 )2 treated plants.
Authors:
Gurpias Singh : Mata Gujri College, Sri Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab -140406
Dilip Singh Kachwaya : Mata Gujri College, Sri Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab -140406
Venkata Satish Kuchi : Department of Horticulture, MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Centurion University of Technology and Management, R Sitapur, Gajapati, Odisha-761211, India.
Manjinder Singh : Mata Gujri College, Sri Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab -140406
Jagmeet Singh : Mata Gujri College, Sri Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab -140406
Bavdeep Singh : Mata Gujri College, Sri Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab -140406
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.41
Price: 251
Leaf Clearing: A Review
By: Saima Rashid Mir , V.A. Patil , B.M. Shinde , M.M. Jana
Page No : 329-333
Abstract:
The clearing of leaves to reveal the leaf venation can be successfully accomplished by diverse methods. Leaf venations are an important feature for botanists and taxonomists to identify and catalogue a plant species, it has several waves of interest among morphologists and paleobotanists in studying of plant material total as such. Cleared leaves of different plant species can be stained and mounted to form ineradicable and permanent specimens applicable for research and class room study. The present paper depicts the review of literature on leaf clearing and its significance in Plant Sciences.
Authors:
Saima Rashid Mir, V.A Patil, B.M Shinde and M.M Jana
Department of Botany, Prof-Ramkrishna More A.C.S College Akurdi Pune
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.42
Price: 251
Evaluation of Drought Stress Management using ACC Deaminase Producing Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria
By: Raja A , Prabakaran P , Ezhilarasu A , Ammu D
Page No : 335-341
Abstract :
The application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in agro-ecosystems is considered to have the potential for improving plant growth under drought tolerance. In the present study four different bacteria were isolated from paddy field. The isolates were identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens, Enterobacter sp, Bacillus subtilis and Rhizobium sp. All the four isolates were initially selected for their ability to produce IAA, phosphate solublization, siderophore production and ACC deaminase. Among them, Rhizobium sp and Pseudomonas sp were found to be potent isolates capable to produce siderophore, Acc deaminase and tolerate drought induced by PEG. Rhizobium sp showed the highest level of ACC deaminase and could efficiently enhance the root and shoot growth ratio followed by Pseudomonas fluorescens. The results of bacterial treatment were significant at p < .05 and not significant in control. These results suggest drought tolerant Pseudomonas sp and Rhizobium sp from V. radiatae could enhance plant growth under drought stress conditions and serve as effective bioinoculants to sustain agricultural production in arid regions.
Authors :
Raja A : Department of Microbiology, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan College of Arts and Science for Women (Autonomous), Perambalur, Tamilnadu, India
Prabakaran P : Department of Microbiology, Selvamm Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Namakkal
Ezhilarasu A : Department of Microbiology, Selvamm Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Namakkal
Ammu D : Department of Microbiology, Selvamm Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Namakkal
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.43
Price: 251
Stachytarpheta jamacensis(L.) Vahl. : Chemical, pharmacognostical, and ethnomedicinal studies.
By: Jyoti Kumar , Sneha Sahay
Page No : 343-352
Abstract:
Stachytarpheta jamacensis (L.) Vahl. be a member of Verbenaceae family and is frequently recognized by snake weed. It is one of the important plants with high medicinal and nutraceutical benefits. The T.S of leaves shows the presence of epidermis, vascular bundle, parenchyma, collenchyma and are characterised by anomocytic type of stomata. The T.S of stem shows the presence of cuticle, epidermis, vascular bundle, parenchyma, collenchymatous tissue. S. jamaicensis contains flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, phenol, steroids, amino acid, reducing sugar. Stachtarpheta jamacensis indicator of poor soils (low in nitrogen) or wet areas. S. jamaicensis has able to neutralize acidity, relieve pain, reduce inflammation, expel parasitic worm, promotes diuresis, promoting calm, reduce spasms, minoxidil, restorative properties. It has also been enormously used as cooling tonic for the stomach.
Authors:
Sneha Sahay : Research Scholar, University Department of Botany, Ranchi University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
Jyoti Kumar : University Professor, University Department of Botany, Ranchi University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.44
Price: 251
Diversity of the Grasses (Excluding Bamboo) of Nadia District, West Bengal and their economic potentiality
By: Sunit Mitra , Sobhan Kumar Mukherjee
Page No : 353-366
Abstract:
Nadia district lies between 22°53? and 24°11? North latitude and between 88°09? and 88°48? East longitude. The district lies in the state of West Bengal, in eastern India. It borders Bangladesh to the east, North 24 Parganas and Hooghly districts to the south, Bardhaman district to the west, and Murshidabad district to the north. The district is covered under Presidency Division and occupies 11th position in the State in respect of its size with an area of 3927 sq. km. This present work is an attempt to enumerate the grasses of Nadia district which is a long wanting demand to prepare a complete list of the grass flora of the State of West Bengal.
In present work it is observed that the district of Nadia comprises of 78 species and 1 – variety of grasses under 42 genera in 9 tribes distributed under 4 – subfamilies.
In the present conspectus the members of the tribe Bambusae and the 4 – most widely cultivated taxa of grasses viz. Oryza sativa, Triticum aestivum, Saccharum officinarum, and Zea mays is not included in the list. It is also evident that, the district of Nadia lacks endemic species of grasses. Last but not least it must be included that, this list is not a complete list in every respect. Because of lack of data in addition to that, disagreement over interpretation of taxa. It is observed that 79 taxa of grasses of Nadia district are can be used in 81 different ways which may be grouped under 8 – broad categories (Mitra 2005, 2009).
Authors :
Sunit Mitra : Associate Professor in Botany, Ranaghat College, Ranaghat, Nadia – 741201.
Sobhan Kumar Mukherjee : Professor (Retd.), Plant Taxonomy and Biosystematics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia – 741235.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.45
Price: 251
Effect of Biochar on Soybean yield and Soil Properties in Semi-arid Vertisol
By: R.S. Oak , D.D. Sarode , J.B. Joshi , S.A. Chavan
Page No : 367-375
Abstract :
Biochar is a novel soil conditioner with a potential for long term improvement in soil fertility and sustainability of agriculture. However, its effects are dependent on production conditions, feedstock, soil, agro-climate, crop type and application rate. Agronomic potential of biochar is less known in vertisols of hot semi-arid tropics for important oilseed crops like Soybean, especially at practically feasible application rates. Field experiment was performed in a completely randomized block design on a typical vertisol of Satara district, Maharashtra. Effect of biochar produced from mixture of crop residue and wood waste was studied on soybean crop and soil properties. The study involved total eight treatments including control, three application rates of biochar(2, 3.5 and 5 t ha-1) alone, recommended dose of chemical fertilizers (25kg N ha-1and 50 kg P ha-1) (RDF) and combined application of biochar treatments in combination with RDF. Significant adverse effect of biochar was observed on grain yield and soil properties. Highest grain yield was observed with RDF treatment (1.98 t ha-1), which was 40% higher than control. Compared to the RDF, grain yield of sole biochar 2 (1.07 t ha-1), 3.5 (1.3 t ha-1) and 5 t ha-1 (1 t ha-1) recorded a decline of 45.8, 34.5 and 49.7 % respectively. Compared to RDF, RDF plus biochar at 2 (1.6 t ha-1), 3.5 (1.65 t ha-1) and 5 t ha-1 (1.69 t ha-1) recorded a grain yield decline of 19, 16 and 14.3 % respectively. Thus, biochar application upto5 t ha-1 produced negative effect on soybean yield. Soil electrical conductivity and plant tissue phosphorus and magnesium concentration followed the pattern of grain yield. Thus the effect of biochar was mediated by the interaction of biochar with soil nutrients. Further investigation on biochar-nutrient interactions in soil, effect of nutrient rich biochar and of biochars with higher labile carbon are important in context of Indian vertisols.
Authors:
R. S. Oak : Department of General Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai - 400 019, India.
D. D. Sarode : Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai - 400 019, India.
J. B. Joshi : Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai - 400 094, India
S. A. Chavan : Ex-Head, Department of Agronomy, Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli – 415 712, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.46
Price: 251
Taxonomic Census of Bryophytes of Nadia District of West Bengal, India
By: Sunit Mitra
Page No : 377-386
Abstract:
Nadia districtlies between 22°53? and 24°11? North latitude and between 88°09? and 88°48? East longitude. Covering an area of 3927 Sq. Km. It borders Bangladesh to the east, North 24 Parganas and Hooghly districts to the south, Bardhaman district to the west, and Murshidabad district to the north. On the basis of the Bryo – Geographic Zonation of the India, this district is situated within the lower gangetic plain Bryo - geographic region. It is comprises of 36 taxa of Bryoflora of which 35 species and 1 – variety of Bryophytes belonging to 23 genera and 15 families, of which 5 species are under 3 genera and 3 – families of Liverworts, and 30 species and 1 – variety, under 20 genera 12 families belonging to the group Musci. Out of the 3 – bryophytic group viz. Hepaticopsida (Liverworts), Anthocerotopsida (Hornworts) and Bryopsida (Musci), the members of Anthocerotopsida (Hornworts) are totally absent in the district.
Author:
Sunit Mitra : Associate Professor of Botany - Department of Botany, Ranaghat College, Ranaghat, Nadia – 741201
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2020.36.1-2.47
Price: 251
Obituary
Dr. Khem Singh Gill
By: Dr. Khem Singh Gill
Page No : 387-388
Obituary
By: Dr. Mohinder Pal
Page No : 389
Jan-2019 to Jun-2019
Brassinosteroids: Relevance in Biological Activities of Plants and Agriculture
By: A. Nishant Bhanu
Page No : 1-15
Abstract
Crop production is challenged by increasing food demands of a burgeoning population, fatigued natural resource base and uncertainty of climate optima. It is indispensible to alleviate the Crop production by using plant breeding or by applying economic levels of certain compatible growth regulators. In the category of phytohormones, brassinosteroids (BRs) has emerged as a new paradigm that elicits diverse physiological response in amelioration under different biotic and abiotic stresses. Intensive study has been carried out in the last few years to understand the role of brassinosteroids in plant function. They participate in regulation of diverse vital physiological processes in plants, such as elongation, germination, photomorphogenesis, reproductive organ development and ameliorate various biotic and abiotic stresses. The objective of this article is to unveil the importance of brassinosteroids in the plant physiological activity and potential agricultural uses.
Author :
A. Nishant Bhanu : Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.01.1
Price: 251
Phyllotactic handedness in Palms
By: Bir Bahadur , Monoranjan Ghose
Page No : 17-24
Abstract
The phyllotaxis of palms is alternate. The leaves are spirally arranged and two consecutive leaves are placed at an angular deflection of about 143° in many palms. The spirality may be left-handed (clockwise) or right-handed (counter-clockwise). The number of foliar spirals varies among different palm species, which follows Fibonacci sequence. In some exceptional palms, the leaves are arranged one vertically above another along two or more vertical rows and the angle between any two consecutive leaves may be 180º, 120º, or 135º. Although asymmetry in palm leaves is not genetically determined, it has been reported that fruit yield is associated with the foliar arrangement in some palms, and found that right-spiralled coconuts and areca nuts produced significantly more fruits than left-spiralled palms.
Authors :
Monoranjan Ghose : Formerly Professor, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata 700108
Bir Bahadur : Botany Department, Kakatiya University, Warangal 506009, Telangana, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.01.2
Price: 251
Unraveling Omics Based Technologies in Enhancing Abiotic Stress in Genus Rosa: Progress and Prospects
By: Shabir H. Wani , Khosro Balilashaki , Maryam Vahedi , Abbu Zaid
Page No : 25-38
Abstract
Rose (Rosa spp.) is the key component of the floral industry owing to its unique flower colors. It is also considered as one of the most important commercial crops in the flavor and fragrance industries. There are numerous conventional breeding methods as well as cutting-edge biotechnological techniques that have been successfully employed for the genetic development of this plant with immense industrial demand. On this note, there are several ‘omics’ approaches and tactics that offer huge prospects to explore molecular skeleton as well as discover the most vital genes that could assist in developing ideal genotypes suitable to the changing scale of climate. The ‘Omics’ technology combines the genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics information into a specific data set and could lead to the detection of unspecified genes and their controlling setups associated with the targeted metabolic pathways. Since past 10 years on more an accelerated advancement has been documented in applications of omics technologies in genus Rosa. Majority of the reports emphasized on DNA sequencing, detection of genes linked with ornamental traits of interest, physical and genetic mapping; functional assay of genomes for other morphological traits, marker-based diversity analysis, as well as identification, isolation and genetic transformation of genes, linked with biosynthetic pathways. The present review is a discussion over such omics applications based on their success, bottlenecks and future prospectus under changing climatic scenario. This documentation will help the interested researchers in a better and lucid way to understand how omics approaches could be fruitfully utilized in Rosa spp. to enhance its quality traits and to ensure its values in ornamental flower industry.
Authors :
Khosro Balilashaki : Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Guilan, Iran.
Maryam Vahedi : Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Horticultural Sciences and Plant Protection, University of Tehran, Karaj 31587, Iran.
Abbu Zaid : Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
Shabir H. Wani : Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.01.3
Price: 251
Studies on the Improvement of Spawn Production and Yield of Mushroom (Pleurotus florida) from locally available Lignocellulosic Substrates
By: S. Maheswari , K. Chethan , R. Chithiraichelvan
Page No : 39-44
Abstract
An improvement in the yield of Oyster Mushroom by employing corn cobs and ragi straw materials substrates for the cultivation of Pleurotus florida could be obtained. In the present study, of spawn quality was also observed with different sugars viz, glucose and sucrose were mixed as a supplement with jowar seeds for spawn production and the effects of spawn on the yield of sporophores and growth of Pleurotus florida. The parameters for the cultivation of Pleurotus florida such as days, spawn run, primordial formation, harvest days, total yield and biological efficiency were evaluated. The best substrate was found to be corncobs in terms of spawn run (35 days), primordial formation (44 days), average no. of fruiting bodies (100), stem length (11 cm), cap diameter (13 cm), first harvest (296.3 g), second harvest (130 g) and biological efficiency (85.26%).
Authors :
S. Maheswari : Department of Agricultural Microbiology, School of Agricultural Sciences & Forestry, Rai Technology University, Bangalore – 561204
K. Chethan : Department of Agroforestry, School of Agricultural Sciences & Forestry, Rai Technology University, Bangalore – 561204
R. Chithiraichelvan : Department of Horticulture, School of Agricultural Sciences & Forestry, Rai Technology University, Bangalore – 561204
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.01.4
Price: 251
Effect of Modes of Application of Nitric Oxide on the Growth and Physiological Performance of Indian Mustard
By: Shazia Hasan , Shamsul Hayat , Mohammad Faizan
Page No : 45-53
Abstract
Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in minute concentration serve as a signaling molecule for processes involved in the growth and development of plants. The objective of this study was to explore the role of SNP as foliar spray and seed soaking on the growth biomarkers, photosynthetic traits, leaf protein content and various antioxidant enzymes in 30-day-old plants of mustard (Brassica juncea)cv. varuna under natural condition. The seeds were soaked in 0, 10-4, 10-5 or 10-6 M of SNP for 8 h and sown in the pots and in another group foliage were sprayed with 0, 10-4, 10-5or 10-6M of SNP at 21, 23 and 25 day stage of growth; both the sets were allowed to grow for 30 days. The plants that developed from SNP treatments (seeds soaking or foliar spray) possessed higher growth, photosynthetic attributes, activity of various antioxidant enzymes [e.g., catalase (EC 1.11.1.6), peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7) and superoxide dismutase (1.15.1.1)] and proline and protein content than the respective control. Among the treatments, 10-5M of SNP as seed soaking proved best.
Authors :
Shazia Hasan, Mohammad Faizan and Shamsul Hayat : Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.01.5
Price: 251
Stimulatory Effect of Genetically Improved Cyanobacteria Nostoc and Hapalosiphon on the Growth and Yield of Rice in Paraquat treated Paddy Fields
By: Saumya Snehee , M.P. Verma
Page No : 55-58
Abstract
Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria Nostoc linckia and Hapalosiphon flagelliformis were found to have strong potentiality to serve as bio–N-fertilizers but only till the paddy fields were not treated with the herbicide paraquat which caused massive lysis and death of the cyanobacterial cells above 50 ppm doses. Their parental strains produced negligible heterocysts in urea enriched paddy fields. Algalization of the paddy fields with paraquat resistant and nitrogen as derepressed mutants of N. linckia and H. flagelliformis resulted in enhancement in growth and yield components of the Lalat variety of rice even under paraquat treated and Urea–N supplemented conditions. The mutants of N. linckia and H. flagelliformis produced heterocysts almost at their natural frequencies in urea containing rice fields, a feature exhibited by their parental strains growing in nitrogen–free states only.
Authors :
Saumya Snehee and M.P. Verma : P.G. Department of Botany (M.U.), A.N.S College, Barh (Patna) 803213, Bihar.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.01.6
Price: 251
Genotypic Diversity in Aeroponics Based Mini-Tubers Production System Reveals High Photo-Assimilates Partition Capacity of Kufri Kanchan
By: T K Bag , Nirmal Kant Sharma , Hemant B Kardilea , N Nandha Kumar , Layamond C Lyngdoh , Clarissa Challam
Page No : 59-67
Abstract
Potato is vegetatively propagating crop and sprouted tubers or pieces of them can be used as the initial propagating material. There is intrinsic demand for the quality seed tubers and many methods evolved for the production of the seed tubers with their own pro and cons. Aeroponics is recently developed and widely accepted method for the production of the mini-tubers and has the potential to produce clean potato seeds. In order to understand the genotypic differences, we have analysed the performance of the four Indian potato varieties namely, Kufri Megha, Kufri Himalini, Kufri Girdhari and Kufri Kanchan under aeroponics system with the uniform growth and nutrient conditions. Data were collected on major aspects like growth parameters and yield. By considering the overall yield parameters, Kufri Kanchan is performing best followed by Kufri Himalini in aeroponics based mini[1]tuber production system.
Authors :
Clarissa Challam, Layamond C Lyngdoh and N Nandha Kumar : ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Regional Station, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793009, India
Hemant B Kardilea and Nirmal Kant Sharma : ICAR- Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171001, India
T K Bag : ICAR- Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171001, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.01.7
Price: 251
HISTORICAL LETTER
My turn to thank many around the World: For photosynthesis research in my life
By: Govindjee Govindjee
Page No : 69-84
Author :
Govindjee
Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.01.8
Price: 251
Advancing Trends in Plant Sciences
By: C P Malik
Page No : 85-107
Abstract
Scientists are revising the history of one of the world’s most important crops. Drawing on genetic and archaeological evidence, researchers have found that a predecessor of today’s corn plants still bearing many features of its wild ancestor was likely brought to South America from Mexico more than 6,500 years ago. Farmers in Mexico and the southwestern Amazon continued to improve the crop over thousands of years until it was fully domesticated in each region. Varieties of maize found near Cuscu and Machu Pichu at Salineras de Maras on the Inca Sacred Valley in Peru, June 2007. The history of maize begins with its wild ancestor, teosinte. Teosinte bears little resemblance to the corn eaten today: Its cobs are tiny and its few kernels are protected by a nearly impenetrable outer casing. In fact, Kistler said, it is not clear why people bothered with it all. Over time, however, as early farmers selected for desirable traits, the descendants of the wild plant developed larger cobs and more tender, plentiful kernels, eventually becoming the staple crop that maize is today. The newly published study in the journal Science shows that the final stages of maize’s domestication happened more than once in more than one place, revising the history of one of the world’s most important crops.
Author :
CP Malik : Formerly at School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.01.9
Price: 251
Impact of Salinity on Growth and N2 -Fixation in Melilotus indicus
By: M Muruganandam , Parveen Abbasi , Kumari Sunita , Malvika Srivastava
Page No : 109-119
Abstract
The yellow sweet clover, Melilotus indicus, has immense potential for reclamation of degraded lands, particularly salt-affected soils, and use as fodder, green manure, medicinal herb and such other socio[1]economic and environmental benefits like nitrogen fixation owing to its higher nodulation capacity, nitrogenous activities and nitrogen fixation rates as compared to other legumes. Also, it is diversely used as anthelmintic, antipyretic, antispasmodic, emollient, analgesic, insect repellent, health tonic and as astringent. In the present study, young sweet clover plants were treated with four different NaCl concentrations (50, 100, 200 and 300 mM, milli Moles) to study the impacts of salt content, especially on growth (biomass and leaf area), nodular status (number, shape, colour), nitrogenase activity, nitrogen and protein contents and N2 -fixation abilities against the untreated control plants from day 25 to 65 at every 10 days interval. While all the study parameters decreased at 200 and 300 mM NaCl salt concentration, the mild concentration (100 mM NaCl) registered a relative increase in all parameters and gave better response, as compared to control all through the study period except for the number of nodules, which declined after 45 day growth in all the treatments including control. The results indicate that M. indicus could be cultivated on moderately saline habitats, which would help utilization or reclamation of unproductive saline lands towards production of the important herb.
Authors :
Kumari Sunita and Malvika Srivastava : Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Lab., Department of Botany, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, India
Parveen Abbasi : St. Andrew’s College, Gorakhpur, India
M Muruganandam : ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation (ICAR-IISWC), Dehra Dun, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.01.10
Price: 251
Role of Nitrogen and Sulfur in Mitigating Cadmium induced Metabolism Alterations in Plants
By: Shabir H. Wani , Abbu Zaid , Javaid A. Bhat , Khalid Z. Masoodi
Page No : 121-141
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is among one of the highly toxic heavy metals, which has deleterious impacts on agricultural productivity. Currently, several sustainable strategies are being used to attenuate Cd[1]stress tolerance at cellular, molecular as well as whole plant levels. Nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) assimilation pathways have been shown to play important roles in Cd detoxification by improving the physiology of plants. The N and S assimilation is required in various biosynthetic pathways involved in stress tolerance and mobilization of adaptive mechanisms of plants, and both N and S act to maintain an elevated pool of plant metabolites. In this review, we discuss the impact of Cd stress and its mitigation by deciphering the close coordination of N and S in efficiently alleviating Cd induced altered metabolism of plants, which is critical for the development of plant-based strategies for the remediation of Cd contaminated agricultural soils and increasing crop productivity and safety. Our review also focuses on the interactive roles of N, S and principal metabolites in enhancing Cd stress tolerance of plants. Mobilization of plant’s defense mechanisms (metabolites and antioxidants) against Cd stress through the interplay of N and S metabolism is apprehensively reviewed. This may unravels new biotechnological opportunities in modulating N and S metabolism for improving plant tolerance to Cd in particular, thereby benefitting sustainable crop production in the era of climate change.
Authors :
Abbu Zaid : : Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
Javaid A. Bhat : School of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Chatha, India.
Shabir H. Wani : Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Khudwani Anantnag-192101, Sher-e-Kashmir, University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Khalid Z. Masoodi : Transcriptomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190025, India.
Price: 251
Outstanding Botanist
By: P.C. Trivedi
Page No : 143-146
Author :
P.C. Trivedi : 140-A, Vasundhara colony, Tonk Road, Jaipur-302018
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.01.12
Price: 251
Jul-2019 to Dec-2019
Tribute and a Perspective
By: Govindjee Govindjee , Vineet Soni , Neera Bhalla Sarin , Alexandrina Stirbet , Alaka Srivastava
Page No : 147-158
Abstract
After presenting a very brief insight into the life of Reto Jörg Strasser, we provide here first a glimpse of his joint research with Govindjee, in the 1990s, done at the Bioenergetics laboratory, University of Geneva, Switzerland. They both had the most wonderful time there; Reto’s collaborative spirit was superb. The two have interacted with each other since then and have continued even after their retirement(s). This is followed by a brief description of this interaction as well as a glimpse of Reto’s life and career. Then, Alaka Srivastava and Sandra Stirbet, who have worked with Reto for around eight years, in Geneva, Switzerland, Vineet Soni, who did a post-doc with Reto, and Neera Bhalla Sarin, who had worked with Reto in New Delhi, India, provide their tributes to Reto by remembering their time with him. We all honor Reto Jörg Strasser on his 75th birthday that was in December, 2018. Some of us expect our collaboration to continue in the future. To all of us, Reto is an innovator of the highest order, and a wonderful friend. He is dedicated to his family, his friends, his students and all his collaborators–worldwide. He is indeed a special person; we have included here several photographs to document our camaraderie with him.
Authors :
Govindjee : Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
Alaka Srivastava : MP Biomedicals LLC, 29525 Fountain Parkway, Solon, OH 44139, USA
Alexandrina Stirbet : 204 Anne Burras Lane, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
Vineet Soni : Department of Botany, Mohan Lal Sukhadia (MLS) University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Neera Bhalla Sarin : School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.02.1
Price: 251
Probing the Effect of Panchagavya, Vermicompost and FYM on Photosynthetic Potential of Triticum aestivum
By: Vineet Soni , Sunita Parihar , Manisha Rathore
Page No : 159-164
Abstract
Organic agriculture is a production system that integrates various farming methods and natural ecological processes to improve crop productivity. In present study, through the analysis of polyphasic chlorophyll fluorescence OJIP kinetics, we investigated the effects of panchagavya, vermicompost (VC), and farmyard manure (FYM) on photosynthetic performance of Triticum aestivum L.var. GW366. Higher values of phenomenological energy fluxes (absorbance per cross section-ABS/CS, trapped energy per cross section-TR/CS and electron transfer per cross section- ET/CS), density of active PS-II reaction centers (RC/CS) and chlorophyll contents were recorded in plants germinated on 3% panchagavya. Similarly, higher performance index on cross section basis (PIcs) was found in plants growing on panchagavya, as compared to plants developed on VC and FYM. Similarly, application of panchagavya also enhanced shoot biomass and root length in T. aestivum. These results clearly reveal that panchagavya can be used as a low-cost preparation to enhance photosynthetic potential in crop plants.
Authors :
Sunita Parihar, Manisha Rathore and Vineet Soni : Plant Bioenergetics & Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313001, Rajasthan, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.02.2
Price: 251
Isolation and Identification of Bioactive Compounds from Argemone mexicana Flower Extract by 1H-NMR and FTIR
By: Seema Bhadauria , Aziz Mohammad Khan , Rajesh Yadav
Page No : 165-170
Abstract
The plant Argemone mexicana is used for medicinal purposes including antimicrobial, larvicidal, nematicidal and wound healing. The present study is aimed to isolate and identify some of the bioactive compounds from Argemone mexicana flower di-ethyl ether extract which are responsible for antimicrobial activity. The pure compound was isolated from the methanol extract of Argemone mexicana using chromatographic methods, including column chromatography and thin layer chromatography. The isolated compound was further characterized by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) and FTIR analysis. The FTIR spectrum showed the presence of major functional groups. From the results of NMR data, the compound is found to be oleic acid (C18H34O2 ) which has important role in antibacterial and antifungal activity
Authors :
Aziz Mohammad Khan : Department of Microbiology, JECRC University, Jaipur - 303905, India
Seema Bhadauria : Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur- 302004, India
Rajesh Yadav : Department of Zoology, JECRC University, Jaipur - 303905, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.02.3
Price: 251
Individual and Combined Effect of Drought and Salinity on Electrolyte Leakage, Relative Leaf water content and Lipid peroxidation in Brassica juncea sp. supplemented with Salicylic acid
By: Dheera Sanadhya , Rajani Chauhan
Page No : 171-182
Abstract
Salinity and Drought are the major abiotic factors that affect the membrane integrity. The main check points to evaluate the damage on cell membrane are electrolyte leakage (EL) and Relative Leaf Water Content (RLWC). The level of lipid peroxidation indicates the severity of damage. Our study was aimed at evaluating the effect drought, salinity and their combined stress on membrane integrity and response of salicylic acid in mitigating the stress. The experiment was carried out under in-vitro conditions where two sets of 7-d-old plants were exposed to three levels of water stress (5 , 10 and 15 % PEG), salt stress (50, 100 and 150 mM NaCl) and combinations (Combination (1) 2.5 % PEG + 25 mM NaCl; Combination (2) 5 % PEG + 50 mM NaCl; Combination (3) 7.5 % PEG + 75 mM NaCl), another set of seedlings were also supplemented with same stress conditions along with the application of SA (8 ?m). These stresses significantly reduced the RLWC and increased EL content. The molecules of lipid peroxidation MDA and H2 O2 content also showed the increased value in the mustard leaves. Toxic effects induced by these osmotic stresses were completely overcome by the exogenous application of SA
Authors :
Rajani Chauhan : Assistant Professor, Dept. of Plant Breeding and Genetics R.B. (P.G.) College, Agriculture Campus, Agra U.P. India
Dheera Sanadhya : Associate Professor, School of Life Sciences, SIILAS Campus, Jaipur National University, Jaipur (Rajasthan) India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.02.4
Price: 251
Rehydration Induces Quick Recovery of Photosynthesis in Desiccation Tolerant Moss Semibarbula orientalis
By: Upma Bhatt , Vineet Soni , Deepak Kumar , Hanwant Singh
Page No : 183-187
Abstract
Many moss species have ability to survive desiccation-a more severe state of dehydration than drought. At this stage no liquid phase remains in the cellular system, but the plants subsequently recover normal metabolism within minutes or hours upon rehydration. In order to understand the mechanisms of rapid photosynthetic recovery in mosses upon rehydration, we investigated the kinetics of the photosynthetic recovery process in desiccation tolerant moss Semibarbula orientalis through polyphasic chlorophyll a fluorescence OJIP measurements. The maximal quantum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) was increased from 0.09 to 0.5 within 6 min of rehydration. Results clearly reveal that the moss‘s ability for quick recovery upon rehydration is related to rapid biosynthesis of chlorophyll molecules, reorganization of light harvesting complexes (LHCs), and conservation of inactive PS II into active state.
Authors :
Upma Bhatt, Hanwant Singh, Deepak Kumar and Vineet Soni : Plant Bioenergetics & Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313001, Rajasthan, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.02.5
Price: 251
Screening of Eugenia caryophyllus Essential oil and their Fractions against Fungi causing Superficial Skin Infection in Human beings
By: Neetu Jain
Page No : 189-195
Abstract
Eugenia caryophyllus (commonly known as clove) belonging to the family Myrtaceae is an important medicinal plant. For present study clove flowering buds were used for oil extraction procedure. Oil was extracted through hydrodistillation method using Clevenger’s apparatus. Eugenol was found as major constituent of oil. Clove oil was screened for their antidermatophytic properties against selected dermatophytes through disc diffusion technique and by minimum inhibitory concentration determinations. The results of experiments revealed moderate to high level antidermatophytic activities against tested microorganisms. Maximum zone of inhibition 63.83±0.166 mm was reported against Microsporum gypseum. Maximum activity index (AI = 3.36) was reported against M. canis (IZ=47 mm). Candida albicans was found to be the most resistant pathogen while Trichophyton rubrum was found to be most susceptible one. Oil was further subjected in Buchii’s glass oven equipment for fractional separation. Three fractions were obtained at different temperature interval and labeled as CLI - CLIII. Maximum antidermatophytic potential was observed in case of CLI due to higher concentration of eugenol. MIC were ranged from 0.025 ?l/ml to 0.1 ?l/ml. Present study concluded that essential oil of Eugenia caryophyllus oil possesses strong antidermatophytic properties.
Author :
Neetu Jain : S.S. Jain Subodh P.G.(autonomous) College, Jaipur
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.02.6
Price: 251
Assessment of Credibility of Traditional Folk Medicinal Claims in Light of Modern Concordance of Boswellia serrata
By: Anita Jain , Mahima Sharma
Page No : 197-204
Abstract
Boswellia serrata [syn.: Olibanum Indicum (Latin)] a balsimerous, deciduous tree, popularly known as Salai or Indian frankincense, having a high reputation in the traditional system of medicine. In the traditional system of medicine, almost all part/s of this tree (stem, stem bark, leaf, flower, fruit and gum) are reported to possess the medicinal potential to cure various ailments like arthritis, rheumatism, respiratory diseases, hepatic disorder, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, wound healing, antiulcer, tonic etc. The present paper is an attempt to assess the credibility of various folk claims on medicinal uses of Boswellia serrata in view of scientific studies done so far.
Authors :
Anita Jain : Department of Botany, Vidya Bhawan Rural Institute, Udaipur- 313001, Rajasthan, India
Mahima Sharma : PAHER University, Udaipur-313001, Rajasthan, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.02.7
Price: 251
Current Scenario of Potential Renewable Energy Sources for Sustainable Development in India
By: Abhishek Joshi , Bhanupriya Kanthaliya , Jaya Arora
Page No : 205-214
Abstract
Sustainable development of a nation is strongly correlated with increasing economic energy practices and extent of environmental pollution. The Renewable energy offers the opportunity to improve access to modern energy services for the underprivileged peoples of society, which is crucial for the achievement of any sustainable development goals. Based on SDG India Index - 2018, India is the closest to sustainability target based on resources for access to renewable energy. Besides, as of June 2018, the government of India has set a resolute target of achieving 225 Giga Watt (GW) of renewable energy capacity by the 2022 via solar power, wind power, biomass power and small hydropower. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to highlight the renewable energy potential of India and its current progress towards sustainable development. Furthermore, key challenges and logistic issues related to the renewable energy development are also presented.
Authors :
Abhishek Joshi, Bhanupriya Kanthaliya and Jaya Arora : Laboratory of Biomolecular Technology, Department of Botany, Mohan Lal Sukhadia University, Udaipur 313001, Rajasthan India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.02.8
Price: 251
Phytostabilization Ability and Growth Response of Calotropis procera and Lantana camara towards Tannery Amended Soil
By: Poonam Rani , Adarsh Kumar , Ramesh Chandra Arya
Page No : 215-224
Abstract
Present work was carried out to check the feasibility of TS by the application in GS with the objective to examine the influence of amendment on the soil as well as on plant (C. procera and L. camara) grown in amended soil. For this purpose 0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, 75% and 100% of GS amended with TS and samples were investigated for physicochemical and heavy metal status of soil. The effect of amendments on seed germination, shoot, root and total biomass along with heavy metal accumulation by plants and their caliber to use in phytotechnique were also sought. pH, EC, OC%, available N, P, K, exchangeable Ca and Mg and heavy metal content in amendments increased in accordance with TS. All selected parameters measured for plant growth and development increased significantly till 20% amendment after that there was retardation in data except total heavy metal accumulation by plants. BCF >1 was calculated for C. procera with TF<1 whereas both were <1 for L.camara, which indicate its potential for retention of Cr and advocate that C. procera is a better candidate to consider as phytostabilizer of Cr from TS.
Authors :
Poonam Rani :Department of Botany, Meerut College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh-250001, India.
Adarsh Kumar : Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Natural Science, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia 620002.
Ramesh Chandra Arya : Department of Biotechnology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut-250005. (U.P.), India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.02.9
Price: 251
Biochemical changes in Cicer arietinum L. under NaCl-induced salt stress
By: Vineet Soni , Surya Nayar
Page No : 225-228
Abstract
A comparative study was carried out to study the changes in antioxidant (guaiacol peroxidase-GPX, superoxide dismutase-SOD and catalase-CAT) and other enzymes (? - amylase, acid invertase and acid phosphomonoesterase) in two varieties (C-235 and BG-391) of Cicer arietinum growing under NaCl-induced salt stress. Both varieties exhibited differential responses under salt stress. Biochemical analysis reveals that variety BG-391 is comparatively more tolerant to NaCl-induced salt stress as compared to C-235.
Authors :
Surya Nayar : School of Life Science, Jaipur National University, Jaipur- 302017, Rajasthan, India
Vineet Soni : Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313001, Rajasthan, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.02.10
Price: 251
Optimization of Growth Medium and Salt Concentration for the Growth of Dunaliella parva isolated from Sambhar Lake (Rajasthan, India)
By: Anmol Bhargava , Arvind Pareek
Page No : 229-232
Abstract
Microalga Dunaliella is a green, halotolerant genera mostly occur in hypersaline environment. This alga is the richest source of glycerol and ?-carotene, used as a food source in aquaculture. Dunaliella also accumulate others nutrients like lipids, vitamins and proteins. Modified Johnsons medium is widely used for culturing species of Dunaliella however, without adding micronutrients the growth of algae was slow. Another medium which is suggested by Ramaraj is also suitable for culturing Dunaliella species. A study was conducted to investigate the effect of these two medium on green alga Dunaliella isolates from Sambhar salt lake. The results of this experiment showed that Dunaliella species grew faster in Ramaraj medium as compared to Johnson modified medium. In another experimental setup, Dunaliella isolate from Sambhar Lake, was cultured in Ramaraj medium and were studied for its growth rate at different salinities (0.5M to 5.5M NaCl). The effect of salinity stress on their growth was investigated. Dunaliella strains were shown to withstand large variations of salinity of the growth medium, 0.5 -5.5 M NaCl. Growth of Dunaliella showed declined if NaCl concentration was above 5M in medium. This study showed optimum growth medium for Dunaliella sp. isolated from Sambhar Lake is Ramaraj medium (pH7.5) and optimum salt concentration for growth is 1.5M -2M NaCl.
Authors :
Anmol Bhargava : Banasthali Vidyapeeth, Tonk
Arvind Pareek : Maharashi Dayanand Saraswati University, Ajmer
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.02.11
Price: 251
Alteration in Physiological and Biochemical Activities of Azadirachta indica in Presence of Air Pollutants
By: Chandra S. Kapoor , B. R. Bamniya , Prakash Prajapat
Page No : 233-241
Abstract
The objective of our investigation is to evaluate pollution tolerance of tree Azadirachta indica of family Meliaceae along with, its effect on metabolic activities. Clean air requires a periodical assessment of existing and new scientific methods that underlie the regulation of major ambient pollutants– particulate matter and tropospheric ozone. There is a need for inter-disciplinary research and analysis strategies to provide more comprehensive assessment of associated health complications and biological risks. Windage to Industrial pollution could cause damage to plants by imposing conditions of oxidative stress. Plant kingdom combats oxidative stress by causing antioxidant metabolites, enzymatic scavengers of activated oxygen and heat shock proteins. Our results show that in all the tree species investigated the parameters studied as above parallel each other and their amount was recorded highest in forest areas followed by urban and least in industrial areas because vegetative and reproductive growth of a plant can be exhibited in terms of its pigments and metabolites.
Authors :
Chandra S. Kapoor : Department of Environmental Science, P.I.B.S., Pacific University, Udaipur- 313003, Rajasthan, India
B. R. Bamniya : Department of Environmental Sciences, Mohan Lal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313001, Rajasthan,
Prakash Prajapat : Department of Chemistry, Ganpat University, Mehesana-384012, Gujarat, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.02.12
Price: 251
News Report
International Conference on Photobiology, Phytochemistry and Plant Biotechnology and Felicitation Function of Prof. Reto J. Strasser and Prof. Satish C. Maheshwari (May 8–9, 2019, Udaipur, India)
By: ..
Page No : 242-245
Price: 251
Need based Tissue Culture in Floriculture : A Success story
By: S. K. Datta
Page No : 247-256
Abstract
Floriculture has become very important industry as a result of science based techniques. But there are many constraints which restrict smooth progress of floriculture business. Tissue culture techniques have been standardized for different cultural practices on need basis for commercial benefit. In vitro protocols have been standardized not only for development of large scale quality materials of commercially important elite ornamentals, new varieties and difficult-to root varieties, but also for acclimatization, maintenance of F1 hybrids, management of chimera and in vitro mutagenesis for development of new and novel varieties.
Author :
S. K. Datta : Retd. Scientist, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226 001, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.02.13
Price: 251
How to survive in a salty desert: An adventure study with Suaeda fruticosa
By: Silas Wungrampha , Rohit Joshi , Sneh L Singla-Pareek , Ashwani Pareek
Page No : 257-261
Abstract
Salinity stress is one of the major abiotic stresses limiting crop productivity in arid and semi-arid regions. Halophytes play increasingly important roles as models for understanding the salt tolerance in plants and as genetic resources contributing towards the improvement of salt tolerance in crops. Suaeda fruticosa L. (Amaranthaceae) grows under extremely saline conditions and under osmotic stress near Sambhar Lake, which is the largest inland playa within the Thar desert of Western India. The ability to regulate photosynthetic machinery may help S. fruticosa to ensure population succession under extreme environmental conditions. Our expedition to Sambhar Lake allowed us to conclude that higher stability of Photosystem II (PSII), along with the enhanced resistance to the O2 evolving complex and the reaction centers of PSII, is responsible for the tolerance of S. fruticosa to salinity stress. Understanding the molecular mechanism and stress signaling in Suaeda sp. for stabilization of its photosynthetic machinery and maintenance of carbon balance under osmotic stress are expected to be extremely useful in designing crops for saline environments. We also describe here the ambiance of our bus trip from New Delhi to Sambhar Lake that led to the unique way of doing collaborative research with Govindjee, a leading authority on the use of chlorophyll a fluorescence in photosynthesis.
Authors :
Silas Wungrampha, Rohit Joshi and Ashwani Pareek : School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
Sneh L Singla-Pareek : Plant Stress Biology, International Centre of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.02.14
Price: 251
Biochemical Changes during Rhizogenesis in vitro in Asparagus racemosus Willd
By: Vineet Soni , Preeti Sharma
Page No : 263-265
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the biochemical changes during in vitro rhizogenesis from nodal explants of Asparagus racemosus Willd. Induction in activity of acid invertase and ?-amylase was observed prior to root induction. Similarly, increased acid phosphomonoesterase activity was noticed during the emergence of root primodia. Starch content was initially decreased and then increased in nodal explants of A. racemosus cultured on rooting medium. A decrease in starch content reflects high energy demands during initial phase of rhizogenesis in A. racemosus. This study indicates that induction phase of root formation is governed by various biochemical changes in A. racemosus.
Author :
Preeti Sharma : School of Life Science, Jaipur National University, Jaipur- 302017, Rajasthan, India
Vineet Soni : Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313001, Rajasthan, India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.02.15
Price: 251
Remembering Glamour of Botany and Plant Biology: A Tale of Teachers and Researchers (1966-1982)
By: Arvind Kumar Purohit
Page No : 267-268
Author :
Arvind Kumar Purohit : Department of Plant Physiology, SK RAU, Bikaner (Raj.), India
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32381/JPSR.2019.35.02.17
Price: 251
Book Review
By: ..
Page No : 269-271
Jan-2018 to Jun-2018
Edible Coating Delay Ripening and Influence the Quality and Shelf life of Fruits and Vegetable
By: A. V. Joshi , T.V.R. Rao
Page No : 1-7
Abstract
Fruits and vegetables are highly demanded in the market because of its nutritional content like antioxidants, vitamins, minerals, flavonoids and phyto-chemicals. Short shelf life is a major problem of fresh produces like fruits and vegetables, and it is only because of its perishable nature. Fruits and vegetables are spoilt by insects, microorganisms, pre and post harvesting conditions during transport and storage. Post harvest loss mainly due to microbes, insects, respiration and transpiration. Nowadays, Preservation of fruits and vegetables is a big challenge for world. Edible coating is an effective method which provides protective edible covering to fruits and vegetables and extends the shelf life by control moisture transfer, gas exchange or oxidation processes. The major quality parameters of fresh fruits and vegetables contributing to the marketability are appearance, texture, colour, flavour, nutritional value and microbial safety. Edible coating can influence the ripening process by delayed the changes in weight loss, pH, total soluble solids, decay occurrence, total sugars, total phenols and ascorbic acid content, and also affect the cell wall modifying enzymes (polygalacturonase (PG), pectinase and cellulase) and browning related enzyme (Polyphenol oxidase (PPO)).
Authors :
A. V. Joshi : Castor-Mustard Research Station, S. D. Agricultural University, S.K. Nagar -385 506, Gujarat, India
T.V.R. Rao : P.G. Department of Biosciences, S. P. University, V. V. Nagar, Anand -388 120, Gujarat, India
Price: 251
Production and Enhancement of Anthocyanin Pigment in Callus Cultures of Salix tetrasperma Roxb
By: Afsheen Shahid , Mohammad Anis
Page No : 9-14
Abstract
Anthocyanins are an important group of plant flavonoids which are responsible for imparting pink, red and blue coloration in a large number fruits, flowers and other plant parts providing an attractive option for colouring the processed food since long. The present study describes production of callus cultures from young inflorescence explants of Salix tetrasperma Roxb. It is a plant of medicinal importance and also a preferred tree species for biofuel plantations. 1.0 ?M 2,4-D found to be best for callus development and proliferation with 100% response after 4 weeks. Of the several concentrations of different external stimuli tested, 6-benzyladenine (4 ?M) produced the best results with 2 fold increase in anthocyanin accumulation in comparison to control. Cadmium Chloride (CdCl2 ) treatment was found to exert a negative effect on biomass production with a nonsignificant increase in pigment production. The harvesting time of 4 weeks was found to be the optimum for highest pigment recovery beyond which the cells of callus mass start dying due to the browning effect of oxidized phenols.
Authors :
Afsheen Shahid and Mohammad Anis : Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh, 202-002, India
Price: 251
Evaluation of total Phenolic content and DPPH Scavenging Activity in some Species of Asteraceae
By: Parto Roshandel , Rayhaneh Afkhami
Page No : 15-21
Abstract
In the present study the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Achillea wilhelmsii (three ecotypes), Anthemis susiana (two ecotypes), Anthemis wettsteiniana, Anthemis lorestanica, Matricaria aurea, Matricaria recutita, Acroptilon repens (two ecotypes) were evaluated. Methanolic extracts of the flowers, shoots and roots of these species were examined to identify the phenolic content (using Folin-Ciocalteus reagent) and antioxidant capacity (employing DPPH radical- scavenging activity). Results showed that the highest level of polyphenols and DPPH radical- scavenging activity typically belonged to the flowers following by the shoots. The flowers of the RA ecotype of A. wilhelmsii, A. wettsteiniana, M. aurea and the shoot of A. repens showed the highest level of polyphenols in their own group. In all species, a significant negative correlation for total phenolic content and EC50 value of DPPH radical scavenging activity was observed.
Authors :
Parto Roshandel : Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Shahrekord University,
Rayhaneh Afkhami : Iran Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, P.O.Box 115, Shahrekord, Iran)
Price: 251
Recent Perspectives towards Enhancing Drought Tolerance in Sugarcane
By: Arvind Kumar , Gulzar S Sanghera
Page No : 23-35
Abstract
Sugarcane being a C4 crop produces a large amount of biomass is a water-loving crop, its requirements for water and fertilizers are equally very high. Water is already a scarce commodity in many parts of the world and predicted climate changes will aggravate the situation in future. Due to glycophytic nature of this crop, drought conditions interfere with sugar production by affecting growth rate, yield of the cane, juices of lower sucrose contents and the sucrose content of the stalk. Thus, drought may reduce sugarcane yield up to 50% or even more being a multi-dimensional stress, it causes various physiological and biochemical effects on plants. Enhancing the tolerance of this crop to abiotic stresses such as drought has therefore proved to be somewhat elusive in terms of plant breeding. Researchers are looking for different agronomic and physiological traits, which could lead to adaptation to these conditions or be correlated to drought tolerance. This article is an attempt to put emphasis on some potential strategies like physiological, biochemical and biotechnological that could be used in breeding for development of superior sugarcane varieties that improve crop productivity in water stress environments.
Authors :
Gulzar S Sanghera : PAU, Regional Research Station, Kapurthala, 144601, India
Arvind Kumar : UP Council of Sugarcane Research, Shahjahanpur, 242001, UP, India.
Price: 251
Alleviating Effect of Foliar Sprayed Paclobutrazol and Salicylic Acid on Biochemical Changes in Mungbean under Cadmium Stress
By: A. Hemantaranjan , A. Nishant Bhanu , Deepmala Katiyar , Jharna Vyas
Page No : 37-44
Abstract
Pot experiments were carried out to assess the extent of cadmium stress-induced biochemical changes in mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) genotype HUM-1 and its alleviating effect in the presence of plant growth regulators salicylic acid (SA) and paclobutrazol (PBZ), at different growth stages. All the treatments showed in improvement of biochemical parameters viz. chlorophyll a, b, carotenoid content, total soluble sugar and enzyme activity NR, SOD, APX etc. Chlorophyll content was found to be drastically reduced under plants exposed to both the levels of Cd stress and devoid of treatment with either of plant growth regulators. Paclobutrazol @ 100 ?M has been found to be more significant in mitigating, Cd stress, as compared to salicylic acid at early as well as late growth stages. The total soluble sugar content increased in plants treated with paclobutrazol @ 50 ?M. In all the other treatments sugar content was found to be lower than control plants, devoid of both Cd stress as well as plant growth regulator application. Paclobutrazol @ 100 ?M has been found to be more significant in mitigating Cd stress, as compared to salicylic acid at early as well as late growth stages. Chlorophyll content was found to be drastically reduced under plants exposed to both the levels of Cd stress and devoid of treatment with either of plant growth regulators.
Authors :
A. Hemantaranjan, Deepmala Katiyar and Jharna Vyas : Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
A. Nishant Bhanu : Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, India.
???????
Price: 251
Genetic Variation among Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) Varieties on the basis of Essential Oil Composition and Molecular Markers (ISSR, SCoT, CDDP and CBDP)
By: C P Malik , Chitrangda Yadav
Page No : 45-50
Abstract
Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) benefits from a lot of useful medicinal properties. Genetic variance and heritability estimates of traits in a plant’s primary germplasms are needed before planning of a new breeding program. In the present study the genetic diversity for 14 fennel ecotypes were assessed by using molecular markers (ISSR, SCoT, CDDP and CBDP). Across the cultivars, a total of 102 fragments got amplified, of which 692 were polymorphic. Average polymorphic band per primer was 6.7. The highest amounts of polymorphism were observed in variety RF-145 and RF-205.As per diversity analysis; the polymorphic varieties were screened further for essential oil content. Essential oil content was determined by GC-MS. Both varieties were evaluated for their essential oil content and its composition. Essential oil content ranged from 20.05 to 25.21%. Twenty three major compounds including Limonene, ?-ocimene, ? -ocimene, Dihydrotagetone, Tagetone, Cis- Tagetone, TransTagetone. ? -terpinene, Camphene, Sabinine, Mycrene, ? -phyellandrene, ? -terpinene, Linalool, Fenchone, Methyl chavicol, Trans-anethole, Cis-anethole, Camphor, Estragole, ?-elemene, ?-himachalene and ?-himachalene were detected in variety RF-145 and Seventeen major compounds including ?-pinene, Camphene, ?-pinene, Mycerene, Carvacrol, Fenchone, ?-terpinene, ?-elemene, ?-terpinene, Thymol, Limonene, Trans-anethole, Camphor, Estragole, Camphene, Sabinine, Mycrene were detected in variety RF-205. Anethole was most abundant compound in both fennel germplasm lines which ranged from a minimum of 69.35 % to a maximum of 73.44 %.
Authors :
Chitrangda Yadav : Ph.D Research Scholar, School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur-302017, Rajasthan, India
C.P. Malik : Advisor (Academics), School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur-302017, Rajasthan, India
Price: 251
Physiology of Heat Stress and Tolerance Mechanisms - An Overview
By: C P Malik , A. Hemantaranjan , A. Nishant Bhanu
Page No : 51-64
A. Hemantaranjan : Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
C.P. Malik : Advisor Academics, School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
A. Nishant Bhanu : Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
Price: 251
Phytochemical Analysis of Indian Herbs –A Review
By: C P Malik , Bratati Roy , Dheera Sanadhya , Sandeep Sharma
Page No : 65-79
Abstract
This review focuses on Indian Herbal drugs and plants used in the treatment of various disease, especially in India. India has rich biodiversity and plants have been a source to cure diverse health problems since ancient times. In the last few years there has been an exponential growth in the field of herbal medicine and these drugs are gaining popularity both in developing and developed countries because of their natural origin and less side effects. In this present study four Indian herbs namely fennel, ajwain, fenugreek and cumin will be studied based on their phytochemistry.
Authors :
Bratati Roy : Project Leader, Jubilant Generic Ltd., Noida, India
C.P. Malik : Academic advisor, Life Sciences, JNU, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Sandeep Sharma : Associate Vice President, Jubilant Generic Ltd., Noida, India
Dheera Sanadhya : Associate Professor, Life Sciences, SILAS, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Price: 251
Advances in Plant Science Research
By: C P Malik , Dheera Sanadhya
Page No : 81-91
Abstract
Scientists all over the world are working for the development of high yield varieties or the varieties that can be grown in harsh environ mental conditions also. Scientists in China have developed several types of rice that can be grown in seawater, potentially creating enough food for 200 million people. The focus is not only on the development of resistant varieties but also on development of improved varieties. Scientists have developed the parthenocarpic tomato plant using CRISPAR-CAS9. Similarly, A significant tool in bioengineering of energy crops that are tolerant to water deficits is developed using the Kalanchoë fedtschenkoi, an emerging model for CAM genomics research because of its relatively small genome and amenability to genetic modification. This model not only works for the water use efficiency but also for the use of saline water for plant growth at high temperature. A recent breakthrough is the development of new type of wheat that has ten times the amount of the fiber which helps improve gut health. Researchers at the Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry have succeeded in producing functional plant Rubisco in a bacterium, allowing genetic engineering of the enzyme. Dodder, a parasitic plant, attached to a host plant from which it obtains water and nutrients. The parasite inserts microRNAs into the host that can silence the expression of host genes. This is the first example of cross-species gene regulation observed in a parasitic plant. This review article is comprised of latest information related to advances in plant science research.
Authors :
C.P. Malik : Academic advisor, Life Sciences, JNU, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Dheera Sanadhya : Associate Professor, Life Sciences, SILAS, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Price: 251
Effects of NPK and 6-Benzylaminopurine on Growth and Flowering of two Orchid Genera
By: S. P. Viji , Ngapui R, Purnima Gogoi , K. Chowlu
Page No : 93-99
Abstract
Rising demand of herbal medicine and environmental degradation necessitates the development of more productive management practices for many valuable orchid species. The Nitrogen Phosphorous and Potassium fertilization and 6-Benzylaminopurine application has been advised as a practice to address these trends. However, it is not known at what rate the plant would efficiently endorse the growth. Performance of three NPK ratios viz; (10:10:10), (20:10:15) and (30:10:15) with three dosages i.e. 1, 2 and 3 g L-1 for each ratio and nine concentrations i.e. 15, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175 and 200 mg L-1 of BAP supplement on two rare orchids Dendrobium densiflorum and Phaius tankervilleae was evaluated in green house condition. At 1 g L-1 of (30:10:15) ratio NPK application, both the species showed significantly highest plant height, leaf length, leaf width and number of leaves. Shortest time interval from inflorescence emergence to first flower opening was observed at 200 mg L-1. The results indicate that NPK with high N and K promote vegetative growth and the cytokinin (BAP) 200 mg L-1 has great potential for speeding up flowering process in both the genera.
Authors :
Ngapui R, Purnima Gogoi, K. Chowlu and S. P. Vij : Centre for Orchid Gene Conservation of Eastern Himalayan Region, KVK-Sylvan campus, Senapati district - 795129, Manipur, India.
Price: 251
Drought-induced Biochemical changes in Chickpea
By: Vineet Soni , Sunita Parihar , Surya Nayar
Page No : 101-105
Abstract
A comparative study was carried out to study the modifications in various metabolites such as soluble protein, proline, reducing sugar, starch, total chlorophyll and relative leaf water content in two varieties (C-235 and BG-391) of C. arietinum growing under in vivo drought stress. Both varieties of chickpea exhibited differential responses under water limiting condition. Variety C-235 responds well by up/ down regulating the biosynthesis of metabolites to cope up with drought stress and was found suitable for drought prone areas.
Authors :
Surya Nayar : School of Life Science, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, India
Vineet Soni and Sunita Parihar : Plant Bioenergetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313001, India
Price: 251
RAPD Analysis of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) Genotypes Differing in Response to Water Stress
By: Vijeta Sharma, , Pushpa Seth , Sunil K. Khandelwal , Arunabh Joshi , Devendra Jain , Deepak Rajpurohit
Page No : 107-113
Abstract
PCR- based random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were employed to search genetic diversity and association with drought tolerance in fifteen mustard genotypes. Ten morphological observations were recorded and these morphological characters were analyzed using ward’s clustering method to compare with RAPD analysis. Identified the genotypes tolerant to water stress involved growing fifteen genotypes at seedling stage under drought conditions (-5 bar) exerted by PEG-6000. These tests confirmed the seven genotypes were tolerant to water stress. Fifteen out of ten random primers screened revealed polymorphism among the genotypes. A total of 521 amplified fragments were formed by 10 primers and 44 amplicon were obtained. Out of which 26 bands were polymorphic and the level of polymorphism is 56.25 per cent. The average number of polymorphic bands per primer is 2.6. Ten decamer RAPD primers were used for fingerprinting of the genotypes of which primers P10 (S-36) and P5 (OPB-04) produced highest total per cent match (66.67%) to the drought tolerant genotypes at base pair 400 and a 820 respectively. Based on polymorphism four RAPD primers S-36, S-30, OPC-09 and OPC-05 were found to be highly discriminative. The result showed that there is a relationship among morphological characters, molecular analysis and stress genotypes.
Authors :
Vijeta Sharma, Pushpa Seth, Sunil K. Khandelwal, Arunabh Joshi, Devendra Jain and Deepak Rajpurohit : Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture & Technology, Udaipur (Rajasthan) 313 001
Price: 251
News Report
By: ..
Page No : 115-116
GOVINDJEE
The Biologist Extraordinary
By: ..
Page No : 117-118
Jul-2018 to Dec-2018
Robert Emerson’s 1949 Stephen Hales Prize Lecture: “Photosynthesis and the World”
By: Govindjee
Page No : 119-126
Abstract
Robert Emerson (1903–1959; Fig. 1) was awarded the Stephen Hales Prize by the American Society of Plant Physiologists (ASPP; now the American Society of Plant Biologists, ASPB) in 1948 for his work on photosynthesis. His lecture was delivered at the 1949 ASPP annual meeting and is transcribed here.
Author :
Govindjee : Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center of Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
Price: 251
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria and their Roles as Fungal Biocontrol Agents: An Overview
By: A. Hemantaranjan , Deepmala Katiyar , P. Dwivedi
Page No : 127-136
Abstract
In the last couple of decades, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been increased with impressive enthusiasm to examine growth, development and yield potentiality of crop plants being less destructive to nature and cutting short the cost of certain composts. Pathogenic fungus affecting plant health is a major and incessant threat to crop production and ecosystem unwavering worldwide. Agricultural production has been strengthened over the past few years, even though producers became more and more dependent on fungicides supportive of crop protection for the obvious reason of monetary stability and livelihood. Besides this, fungicides cause harmful effects on environment ultimately damaging plant health; its use needs to be reduced. Different groups of microorganism in soil have been identified compatible to improve physiological processes at different phenological stages and ultimately benefiting crops for optimizing their potential in several ways. These microorganisms are colonized in roots or rhizospheric soil and are alluded as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria due to its involvement in a variety of plant growth promoting mechanisms consisting of the mobilization of soil compounds (phosphorous and metals), the protection of plants under stressful conditions for counteracting the negative impacts of stress, making them available for the plant to be used as nutrients (nitrogen fixation; phosphate solubilization), siderophore production, defense against phytopathogens, reducing plant diseases by producing antibiotics and HCN, phytohormones (indole 3-acetic acid, cytokinin and gibberellin) production and so on. Utilization of plant rhizobacteria for agricultural advantages has increased its overall significance. The insights developed are crucial for extending relevant researches extensively in the requisite section of biocontrol for enhanced crop production. Therefore, based on recognized roles of PGPR, this has been thoughtfully considered as one of the vital areas of crop improvement programme under normal or stressful condition.
Authors :
Deepmala Katiyar, A. Hemantaranjan and P. Dwivedi : Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India.
Price: 251
Initiatives for Sustainable Sugarcane Farming in Punjab
By: Gulzar S Sanghera , Vikrant Tyagi , Onkar Singh , Rupinder Pal Singh
Page No : 137-152
Abstract
Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. complex) is an important sugar crop of subtropical region (NWZ zone) comprising states of Punjab, Haryana, Uttrakhand, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan of the country. In Punjab, it is the second most important industrial crop after Cotton, being cultivated on an area of 95 thousand hectares that caters the need of 16 (9 cooperative and 7 private) sugar mills running in the state. Sugarcane scientists and technocrats of the state associated in the improvement of sugarcane crop through various conventional and non-conventional approaches encounter problems of narrow genetic base of crop, complex genome, poor fertility, genetic recombination as well as long breeding selection cycle. During 2015-16 crop season, the concerted efforts of sugarcane scientists, sugar mills and farmers on various researchable aspects has led to harvest cane productivity of 750 quintals per hectare and recorded sugar recovery of 10.07 percent in the state. To sustain the sugar industry of Punjab, it is very important to advise sugarcane grower for the choice of the varieties and their planning based on different maturity groups, planting season and type of crop (plant/ratoon). At present, nine high yielding, good quality and red rot tolerant sugarcane varieties; 4 in early maturity group (CoPb 92, Co 118, CoJ 85 and CoJ 64) and 5 in mid-late group (CoPb 93, CoPb 94, Co 238, CoPb 91 and CoJ 88) have been recommended for commercial cultivation, of these three new varieties viz,, CoPb 92 (early) and CoPb 93 & CoPb 94 (mid-late) are found promising for cane yield, commercial cane sugar (CCS) and showing encouraging results among farmers and sugar mills. Since, sugarcane is the raw material for the sugar industry, its juice is used for the manufacturing of gur, shaker, sugar and cane tops are used as fodder while the byproducts of the sugar industry include bagasse, molasses, filter-cake, wax etc. The percentage of sucrose varies from 12-18% depending of the variety of cane, its maturity, condition of soil, climate and agricultural practices followed by the growers. In order to sustain cane crushing in mills, planting of varieties in early: mid-late (3:2), early (Autumn: Spring: Ratoon :: 1:1:1) and mid-late (Plant: Ratoon :: 1:1) ratios have been advocated. Besides, recent technological interventions like FIRB (furrow irrigated raised bed), sub-soiling (1mx1m), crop geometry (120mx30m paired row trench planting), single bud chip nursery raising and intercrops (wheat, cabbage, garlic, sarson, onion etc.) have resulted in enhancement of per unit area productivity of sugarcane. In addition, recommendation for management of borer complex (especially early shoot and top borer) with Coragen and Ferterra agro-chemicals have paid dividends to growers and industry in terms of cane production and sugar recovery. Therefore, execution of aforesaid planning and interventions through extension activities in mill command areas are advocated to sustain sugarcane agriculture for the benefits of growers and industry in the state.
Authors :
Gulzar S Sanghera, Rupinder Pal Singh, Onkar Singhand Vikrant Tyagi : Punjab Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Kapurthala, 144601, Punjab, India
Price: 251
Phytochemical screening of Celastrus peniculatus and Bacopa monnieri for neuroprotective capacity
By: Pallav Kaushik Deshpande , Ragini Gothalwal
Page No : 153-158
Abstract
Medicinal properties of plants are dependent on the presence of certain phytoconstituent. Various plants exhibits neuroprotective and cognitive enhancing effects. Phytoconstituents shows capacity to modulate the cholinergic system and to contrast oxidative stress. Individual alkaloids act as agonists and antagonists to a variety of neurotransmitter systems, for instance, direct binding to neuroreceptors and interference with neurotransmitter metabolism (e.g. cholinesterase inhibition), signal transduction, and ion channel function or by mimicking the structure of endogenous neurochemicals. In this study we had investigated the fundamental scientific bases for the use of medicinal plant by defining qualitative evaluation of crude phytochemical constituents present in Celastrus peniculatus and Bacopa monnieri both the plants are known to local folks and widely used to stimulate the nervous system but, Scientific validation is lacking. Successive extraction method was adopted by using various solvents according to polarity, from lowest to high (hexane, pet ether, ethly ether, acetone, methanol, ethanol, water). Extractive value in % for seeds of Celastrus paniculatus with various extract was 45.59±1.43, 47.47±0.45, 56.09±0.45, 64.46±0.43, 67.45±1.34, 69.34±1, 78.2±1.32. Ash% was maximum 79.75 for queous extract and minimum for haxene extract which was 30.76%. For Bacopa monnieri extractive value were 25.94±0.69, 36.56±0.98, 43.05±1.23, 35.37±1.2, 54.63±1.74, 65.52±1.030, 72.09±0.87 for respective solvents. Ash% was maximum 64.94 for pet ether extract and minimum for ethanol extract which was 54.03%.
Authors :
Pallav Kaushik Deshpande and Ragini Gothalwal : Department of Biotechnology, Barkatullah University, Bhopal,(M.P):462026
Price: 251
Triplex Forming Oligonucleotides: Sequence-specific Tools for Gene Targeting
By: Ritesh Kaur
Page No : 159-167
Abstract
Sequence-specificity is the key to effective genetic targeting. With specificity, targeted genes can be manipulated in multiple ways; without it, gene therapy agents become loose canons within cells. Triplex forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) bind in the major groove of duplex DNA with high specificity and affinity. Because of these characteristics, TFOs have been proposed as homing devices for genetic manipulation in vivo. Here we review work demonstrating the ability of TFOs and related molecules to alter gene expression and mediate genome modification in mammalian cells. Recent studies have established that TFOs can mediate targeted gene knock out in mice, laying the foundation for the potential application of these molecules in human gene therapy.
Author :
Ritesh Kaur : Asian Education Institute, Patiala
Price: 251
Growth, Yield and Yield attributes of Maize Hybrids in Relation to different Nutrient Levels and Plant Population
By: Mahesh Kumar , Jasbir Singh Chawla
Page No : 169-172
Abstract
An experiment was conducted at the Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during kharif 2014. Three nutrient levels (125:60:30, 200:65:80, 250:80:100 kg N:P2 O5 :K2 O /ha) as main plots and two planting geometry (60×20 and 60×15 cm) as sub plots and five hybrids (DKC 9145, Rasi 3033, PMH 4, HM 9 and Bio 9637) in sub-sub plots were evaluated. Nutrient application 250:80:100 kg N:P2 O5 :K2 O/ha (8478 kg/ha) being at par with 200:65:80 kg/ha (8213 kg/ha) resulted in significantly higher grain yield than 125:60:30 kg N:P2 O5 :K2 O/ha (7532 kg/ha). The mean grain yield was significantly higher with plant geometry of 60×15 cm (8357 kg/ha) than of 60×20 cm (7791 kg/ha). Bio 9637 and DKC 9145 hybrids has higher plant and ear height as compared to all other hybrids. DKC 9145 hybrid recorded significantly higher grain yield (9411 kg/ha) followed by PMH 4 (8996 kg/ha), Rasi 3033 (8051 kg/ha), Bio 9637 (7868 kg/ha) and HM 9 (6046 kg/ha).
Authors :
Mahesh Kumar and Jasbir Singh Chawla : Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana, Punjab.
Price: 251
Gum Ghatti Coating Enriched with Clove Oil extends the post Harvest Shelf Life of Banana (Musa acuminata., cv. Robusta) Fruit Stored at Ambient Condition
By: Nilanjana S. Baraiya , Pinal B. Vyas , Arpit V. Joshi , T. V. Ramana Rao
Page No : 173-183
Abstract
The present study has been carried out to evaluate the effect of a coating emulsion of gum ghatti in its different concentrations (1%, 2%, 3%) with an additive of clove oil (0.1%) on the postharvest quality and shelf life of banana fruits stored at room temperature (25 ± 2ºC). The treatments of these coating solutions (T2, T3, and T4) delayed the changes in total soluble solids, decay occurrence, sugar content, total phenols and ascorbic acid in banana fruits. The activities of cell wall altering enzymes (polygalacturonase (PG), cellulase) and browning related enzyme polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities were also reduced in the coated fruits as compared to that of the control fruits. Thus it may be concluded from the currently carried out physicochemical and biochemical analysis of both the treated and untreated fruits that the treatments of gum ghatti coating solutions comprising clove oil have the ability to improve the shelf life and quality of banana fruits.
Authors :
Arpit V. Joshi, Nilanjana S. Baraiya, Pinal B. Vyas and T. V. Ramana Rao : P.G. Department of Biosciences, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar- 388120, Gujarat, India
Price: 201
Revisiting: Ecosystem, Structure, Function and Mineral Cycling
By: Pushp Sharma , Nimrat Gill
Page No : 185-205
Abstract
An ecosystem is a functional unit of nature and comprises abiotic and biotic components. Abiotic components are inorganic materials – air, water and soil, whereas biotic components are producers, consumer and decomposers. Measures of ecosystem function and structure are complementary to measures of water quality in streams and rivers and may be useful in developing multimetric measures of habitat quality that deal with some of the conflicting results from biotic structural measures alone. Productivity, decomposition, energy flow and nutrients cycling are the four important components of an ecosystem. According to biostoichiometric theory, there is an equilibrium ratio among nutrients for healthy ecosystem development. This equilibrium will be broken if one nutrient is insufficient or in excess, which may affect the eco process and the primary productivity. In this case the element concerned is considered as the limiting nutrient for the ecosystem development. Primary productivity is the rate of capture of solar energy or biomass production of the producers. It is of two types: gross primary productivity and net primary productivity. Secondary productivity is the rate of assimilation of food energy by consumers. In decomposition complex organic compounds of detritus are converted to carbon dioxide, water and inorganic nutrients by the decomposers it involves three processes, namely fragmentation of detritus, leaching and catabolism. Energy flow is unidirectional. It is an important ingredient for complex systems because the development and evolution of systems must be driven by energy flows. In the ecological community, each organism is an open system consuming energy and material by metabolism continuously. Plants firstly capture solar energy and then food is transferred from producers to consumers. Organisms of different trophic levels in nature are connected to each other for food or energy relationships forming a food chain. Some species may be consumed by other species as the prey, therefore, a tangled network of feeding relationships called food web forms. The storage and movement of nutrient elements through the various components of an ecosystem is known as nutrient cycling. It is of two types- gaseous and sedimentary. Atmosphere and hydrosphere is the reservoir for gaseous type of cycle (carbon), whereas earth’s crust is the reservoir for sedimentary type (phosphorus).
Authors :
Nimrat Gill and Pushp Sharma : Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Price: 251
Hierarchy in Plants: Unicellular, Colonial and Multicellular
By: Pushp Sharma , Kirandeep Kaur
Page No : 207-220
Abstract
Carolus Linnaeus (mid-1700’s) was a Swedish biologist who established a simple system for classifying and naming organisms. He developed a Hierarchy for classifying organisms that is the Basis for Modern Taxonomy. Arrangement of taxonomic categories in an ascending series ranging from the lowest to the highest category is taxonomic hierarchy. R.H.Whittaker has used five critera for delimiting kingdoms. Five kingdoms are- Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia. Six kingdom classification was given by Carl woese. He gave 3 domain theory that included 6 kingdom- Archaebacteria, Monera, Protista, Mycota, Plantae, Animalia. Plant kingdom is divided into vascular (Tracheophytes) and non vascular plants (Bryophytes). Non vascular includes liverworts (Marchantiophyta), hornworts (Anthocerophyta) and mosses (Bryophyta). Vascular plants are divided into spore producing plants (Pteridophytes) and seed producing plants (Spermatophytes). Pteridophytes includes club mosses (Lycopodiophyta), horsetails (Equisetophyta) and ferns (Pteridophyta). Seed producing plants are further divided into flowering (Angiosperms) and non-flowering plants (Gymnosperms). Non flowering plants include conifers (Pinophyta), cycads (Cycadophyta) and ginkgo (Ginkgophyta). Angiosperms includes monocots (plants with one seed leaf monocotyledon) and dicots (plants with two seed leaves dicotyledon). Phylogenetic studies favour a single origin of land plants from charophycean green algae. Different types of microtubule organization are found within the green lineage during cytokinesis 1.Phycoplast- is characterized by the collapse of the spindle apparatus after mitosis, with the microtubules oriented in the same direction as the plane of cell division e.g. Charyophytes and land plants. 2. Phragmoplast- characterized by the development of a persistent telophase spindle and a cleavage furrow, with the microtubules oriented at right angles to the plane of cell division e.g. Chlorophytes and ulvophytes. Algae evolved from single cell plants. Two competing theories of the development of alternating generations in land plants- The homologous theory and the antithetie theory. Homologous theory- sporophytic considered to be a direct modification of gametophyte. Gametophytes and sporophytes of certain algae (e.g. Ulva) are similar (isomorphic). Such gametophytes and sporophytes are thus considered “homologous”. Antithetic Theory- Bower (1908) suggested an alternative hypothesis for the origin of the sporophyte of land plants. Only gametophyte was thought to have been present initially in the algal life cycle, the sporophyte arising subsequently and in correspondence with land occupancy by the gametophyte. Bryophyta evolved from algae and pteridophyta. Pteridophyta evolved from algae as well as from bryophyta Gymnosperm evolved from pteridophyte and progymnosperm. Angiosperm evolved parallel with Gymnosperm, it is unclear that what type of plant actually gave rise to Angiosperm.
Authors :
Kirandeep Kaur and Pushp Sharma : Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Price: 251
Longevity of Gladiolus Spikes Stored in Polypropylene and Low Density Polyethylene Sleeves
By: Harsimran Kaur , Kushal Singh
Page No : 221-228
Abstract
Spikes of four cultivars of Gladiolus viz. Jacksonville Gold, Sancerre, Nova Lux and White Prosperity were subjected to modified atmosphere (MA) storage in polypropylene (PP) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) film sleeves. The harvested spikes of all the cultivars were stored for 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 days respectively at 4±0.5OC and 90-95 % R.H. Among the cultivars, Jacksonville Gold showed maximum longevity in both freshly harvested and MA stored spikes. It also exhibited highest number of open florets at any given time, its tepals showed maximum membrane stability index and the spikes absorbed maximum volume of water. Between the packages, for all the cultivars spikes stored in PP packages showed higher longevity than those in LDPE sleeves. This was because PP packages retained significantly higher percentage of CO2 than the LDPE packages. However, a bigger floret size was observed in spikes stored in LDPE sleeves. PP sleeves contributed to longevity while LDPE sleeves contributed to floret size.
Authors :
Harsimran Kaur and Kushal Singh : Department of Botany1 ; Department of Floriculture and Landscaping2, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana – 141004, India
Price: 251
Mitigation Effects of 24-Epibrassinolide and Thiourea in Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) under Drought Stress
By: A. Hemantaranjan , Prachi Garg , Jyostnarani Pradhan
Page No : 229-235
Abstract
Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is an important cool–season pulse crop and leguminous vegetable, which is widely cultivated throughout the world. In many parts of the world the most important abiotic factor limiting the survival and yield of plants is the restricted water supply, the field pea is sensitive to drought stress. The drought stress is an adverse condition develops due to water deficit and this most important abiotic factor limiting growth, adversely affecting crop production. Brassinolides (BRs) are endogenous plant growth-promoting compound that acts on plant development and affects numerous physiological processes at low concentration whereas; Thiourea is a sulphydral compound (NH2 -CS-NH2 ) which is basically known for the breaking the dormancy and stimulating germination. The experiment focused on the field pea response under control and drought stress condition where the seeds were treated with 24-Epibrassinolide (EBL) and Thiourea (TU) having concentration of 0.01mM and 6.6mM respectively. In order to evaluate morpho-physiological traits related to drought tolerance, we grew CDC Amarillo, a yellow pea variety, of field pea under drought stress and control condition and assessed effect of drought stress on select but relevant parameters of relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll content, proline content and total soluble sugar (TSS). The drought stress significantly decreased the chlorophyll content and relative water content (RWC) while increased the proline and total soluble sugar. The application of 24-epibrassinolide and thiourea helps to mitigate the deleterious effect of drought stress in plants in which the threshold level of 6.6mM thiourea showed more significant results over 0.01mM 24-epibrassinolide.
Authors :
Prachi Garg : Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding.
A. Hemantaranjan and Jyostnarani Pradhan : Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005
Price: 251
Effect of Methyl Jasmonate on Morpho-Physiological and Biochemical Attributes of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under Salinity Stress
By: A. Hemantaranjan , Shivani Lalotra , Rupanshee Srivastava
Page No : 237-242
Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the most important pulse crops of India and an important source of protein growing in semi-arid region. It has an extant to adapt to various stresses but it is yet susceptible to salinity stress. Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting crop production worldwide. It alters various physiological and biochemical attributes of crop plants. Phytohormones play an important role in combating stress. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and jasmonic acid (JA) are collectively referred to as jasmonates. This regulator has been evidently found to have alleviating effect on remarkable physiological traits in a number of crops under various abiotic stresses. Consequently, it was thought worthwhile to study the effect of methyl jasmonate on chickpea under salinity stress. This investigation was conducted using Avrodhi cultivar of chickpea in a pot culture experiment. Seeds were pre-soaked in MeJA @5.0?M and 10.0?M prior to sowing. Later, salinity was induced at preferred concentration of 100mM NaCl in the growing medium. Observations on different parameters were recorded at two intervals of 14 and 28 days after salt exposure. Morphophysiological traits studied include root length, fresh and dry weights of the plants root; biochemical parameters, viz., total soluble sugar, nitrate reductase activity and hydrogen peroxide. Data revealed negative influence of salinity on overall parameters studied. However, methyl jasmonate at the threshold level of 10?M MeJA was found to have alleviating effect of salinity significantly over 5?M MeJA. The positive impacts of methyl jasmonate in this investigation were registered.
Authors :
Rupanshee Srivastava : Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi- 211005.
A. Hemantaranjan and Shivani Lalotra : Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi- 211005.
Price: 251
Toxicity of Seed extracts of Pea Cultivars in relation to Trypsin inhibitory activity
By: Akhilesh Thakur , Amarjit K. Nath
Page No : 243-250
Abstract
Purpose: Trypsin inhibitors in the seeds of legumes can act as a feeding deterrent for insects by disrupting midgut proteases. This paper investigates trypsin inhibitors in pea cultivars. Design/Methodology/Approach: The seeds of seven different pea cultivars and the cultures of root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita were used for biological screening of trypsin inhibitory activity (TIA). This was followed by partial purification of trypsin inhibitor from the screened pea cultivar by ammonium sulphate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex (A50) column and gel filtration through Sephadex G-200 column. Findings: Field pea with maximum TUI/g seed weight and percent mortality of Meloidogyne incognita was then partially purified. A linear correlation between time of incubation and TIA was found till 25 min of incubation, whereas, per cent inhibition was linearily correlated to the amount of inhibitor upto 68.1 per cent inhibition. The inhibitor showed maximum TIA at 37?C indicating thermolabile nature. It had two pH optima at pH 7.5 and 9.0. Km value was found to be 0.227 mM. Trypsin inhibition was of non-competitive type with inhibitor constant (Ki) value in the region of 0.25 ?M. Originality/Value: Invaluable information on trypsin inhibitors in case of native legumes of Himalayan origin has been found. Outcomes of this study can be of immense importance in the development of insect resistant transgenic plants.
Authors :
Akhilesh Thakur and Amarjit K. Nath : Asstt. Professor, Faculty of Sciences, Abhilashi University, Chail Chowk, Mandi (H.P.)-175028, India **Professor, Department of Biotechnology, U.H.F. Nauni, Solan-173230, India
Price: 251
Genetic Engineering and GM Crops
By: C P Malik , Dheera Sanadhya
Page No : 251-258
Abstract
Genetic engineering is the master key of all the troubles related to living organisms whether plants or animals. Over the last few decades use of genetic engineering in crop improvement has brought a big revolution in the field of agriculture. Scientists are trying to solve the issues related to abiotic and biotic stress tolerance, productivity enhancement and quality improvements with the help of Genetic engineering. It is considered as better approach over the conventional plant breeding system. Recently new approaches are being used for the production of value added GM crops. This chapter highlights the some of the recent inventions related to genetically engineered crops.
Authors :
Malik C P and Sanadhya D : School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur
Price: 251
Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases (CDPK) in Abiotic Stress Tolerance
By: Nirmal Kant Sharma , Hemant B Kardile , Vikrant , Ankita Sharma , Babandeep Kaur , Sushil Sudhakar Changan , Vinay Bhardwaj , Brajesh Singh
Page No : 259-265
Abstract
Environmental perturbation and biotic factors hinder the normal growth and development of the plants. These stimuli trigger the transient increase in the cellular Ca2+ level which in turn leads to altered protein phosphorylation and gene expression patterns. This signal transduction is carried out by three major classes of Ca2+-binding proteins viz. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), calmodulins (CaMs) and CaM-like proteins, and calcineurin B-like proteins. Out of these three kinases, CDPKs has a greater role to play in the higher plant under different physiological conditions. Here we have reviewed the potential role of these CDPKs in the model plant for providing abiotic stress tolerance. Similarly, we have mined the orthologous of CDPKs from the higher plant species. Among these, we have narrowed down our focus on the potato for exploiting the CDPKs potential in providing stress tolerance.
Authors :
Hemant B Kardile, Nirmal Kant Sharma, Ankita Sharma,Sushil Sudhakar Changan, Vinay Bhardwaj and Brajesh Singh : ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, HP, India
Vikrant : Dept. of Biotechnology, Dr. YSP UH & F, Nauni, Solan, HP, India
Babandeep Kaur : Post graduate government college, Sector 11, Chandigarh, India
Price: 251
Carotenoid Producing Bacteria: Applications In Human Welfare
By: Ankit Chokriwal , Bjorn John Stephen , Abhijeet Singh
Page No : 267-276
Abstract
Synthetic colors have been widely used in various industries including food, textile, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals. However, toxicity problems caused by synthetic pigments have triggered intense research in natural colors and dyes. Among the natural sources, pigment producing microorganisms hold a promising potential to meet present day challenges. Furthermore, natural colors not only improve the commercial value of the product but also impart additional properties like anti-oxidant, anti-cancer and many more. In this chapter, we present various sources of microbial pigments along with their biological and clinical properties like antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer and antiinflammatory. The study also emphasizes key parameters to improve the bioactivity and production of microbial pigments for their commercial use in pharmacological and medical fields.
Authors :
Ankit Chokriwal, Bjorn John Stephen and Abhijeet Singh : Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur -303007
Price: 251
A Brief Review on Plant Taxonomy and its Components
By: Nadia Haider
Page No : 277-292
Abstract
The discovery and naming of plants has attracted a lot of attention throughout history. The science that explores, describes, names, and classifies all plants (and off course all other organisms) is called ‘Taxonomy‘. Plant taxonomy includes the description of the variation of plants, the investigation of the causes and consequences of this variation, and the manipulation of the data obtained to produce a system of classification. Taxonomy makes communicating biological information on plants much easier because it facilitates categorizing them. The three activities of classification, nomenclature and identification are the main functions of taxonomy. Traditionally, plants have been classified on the basis of one or few easily observable characters (artificial systems) or on morphological features and overall similarities using as many taxonomic characters as possible (natural systems). However, an insufficient number of experts, and the instability of phenotypes, which are easily affected by environmental factors, made this conventional methods of classification meet difficulties. With the advent of the fields of phylogenetics, cladistics, and systematics, the artificial systems have progressed to a system of modern biological classification based on the evolutionary relationships between organisms, both living and extinct. Here, I discussed the history of classification and its different systems, and referred to studies that addressed the problems that classifications of plants faced. Because the species rank has particular importance in the classification hierarchy and is the standard rank against which others are gauged, I also illustrated the system of naming new species (and cultivars) (‘Nomenclature’) through the construction, interpretation and application of the regulations that govern this system. As for the identification of plants, the development of various molecular techniques that generate molecular markers has made it possible to accurately identify plants. The ability to sequence DNA has uncovered a great deal more about where a plant belongs taxonomically and helps locate new species precisely. I referred to reviews that described some of those techniques and traditional methods that can be used for identification plant species and stressed on DNA barcoding.
Author :
Nadia Haider : Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS), P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria.
Price: 251
Advances in Plant Sciences Research
By: C P Malik
Page No : 293-310
Abstract
With the availability of umpteen new techniques, several advances are being made in different area of plant sciences. We have described advances made in them in the last six months ago which include novel discoveries in photosynthesis, hormone which causes tolerance ot excessive salt, development of non-browning potato, corn hybrids with high yield, golden rice passes evaluation test, new mechanism of ausin functioning, etc.
Author :
CP Malik : Formerly at School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur
Price: 251
Effect of Antioxidants on in vitro culture of Pomegranate cv. Sindhuri
By: Ravi Kumar , M.L. Jakhar , Komal Sekhawat , Swarnlata Kumawat , Anita Burdak
Page No : 311-318
Abstract
Present investigation was carried out with the objectives to optimize the effect of antioxidants on shoot proliferation for mass multiplication in different explants like nodal segment and shoot apex pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cv. Sindhuri. Different explants viz., nodal segment and shoot apex obtained aseptically were inoculated on MS medium supplemented with responsive level (Nodal segment, 2.0 mg/l BAP and shoot apex, 2.5 mg/l BAP) of plant growth regulators for shoot multiplication. Antioxidants viz: activated charcoal, ascorbic acid, citric acid and polyvinylpyrollidone were used to control the accumulation of phenolic compounds in the culture medium and enhance the rate of micropropagation. The cultures were incubated at 25±2°C under 14:10 hour’s photoperiod with a light intensity of 3000 lux. Activated charcoal (200 mg/l) was found best antioxidant for maximum shoot bud induction in nodal segment and shoot apex explant through controlling of phenolic compounds.
Authors :
Ravi Kumar, Komal Sekhawat, Swarnlata Kumawat and Anita Burdak : Research scholar, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, SKN College of Agriculture, Jobner
M.L. Jakhar : Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, SKN College of Agriculture, Jobner
Price: 251
Jan-2017 to Jun-2017
TGMS line EC 720903 as a suitable female parent to Kerala through phenological study
By: Neethu Chandra , C, Roy Stephen , R. V. Manju , Niya Celine , Shabana. R , Anila Abhilash
Page No : 1-10
Abstract
TGMS line EC720903, which was imported from IRRI, was evaluate under Kerala condition for its suitability as a female parent in two line rice breeding programmes. The particular line was evaluated for the dates of first and 50 percentage flowering. Pollen sterility as well as spikelet sterility were also noted revealing that this particular line is 100% pollen as well as spikelet sterile all round the year at Vellayani condition. The weather data of Vellayani condition (where the work was carried out) was used to identify the CSP of the line. The same line was also found to be male fertile at RARS, Ambalavayal, which is at a high altitude indicating its locational suitability for seed multiplication.
Authors :
Neethu Chandra. C, Roy Stephen, R. V. Manju, Niya Celine, Shabana. R, and Anila Abhilash : Department of Plant Physiology, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
Price: 251
Standardization of Micropropagation in Gliricidia [Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud.]
By: M.L. Jakhar , Aparna , Kaushlya Choudhary
Page No : 11-15
Abstract
An efficient micropropagation protocol has been developed from soft nodal stem segment explant of Gliricidia [Gliricidia sepium(Jacq.) Steud.]. The present investigation was carried out with the objectives of optimization of rapid micropropagation protocol, influence of antioxidants on micropropagation and influence of photoperiod on micropropagation of Gliricidia sepium. Explants (Soft nodal stem segments) were inoculated on MS medium containing varying concentrations of cytokinins and auxins either singly or in combinations. The cultures were incubated at 25 ± 2 0 C under 14: 10 hours photoperiod with a light intensity of 3000 – 3500 lux. Maximum number of shoot bud induction was obtained when MS medium is supplemented with 0.5 mg/l BAP with 100 per cent frequency. MS medium containing 2.0 and 2.5 mg/l NAA resulted in profuse callusing. 2.0 mg/l NAA showed highest number of roots/explant but the roots were thick. Addition of 250 mg/l ascorbic acid induced maximum number of shoot buds (5.1) in comparison to other antioxidants. 0.5 mg/l IAA exhibited long and thin roots when supplemented in MS medium. Among all photoperiod regimes, 14: 10 was found to be most effective for shoot bud induction at most responsive level.
Authors :
Aparna, M. L. Jakhar and Kaushlya Choudhary : Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, SKN College of Agriculture, Jobner, Jaipur-303329
Price: 251
Evaluations of Some Organic Compounds in Ethyl Acetate extract of ‘Marwar Dhaman’ by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrom
By: Premlata Singariya , Krishan Kumar Mourya , Padma Kumar
Page No : 17-27
Abstract
The investigation was carried out to determine the possible bioactive components of Cenchrus setigerus (Marwar Dhaman) using Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry (GC-MS). All the samples were dried firstly at 60°C for 2 days in an oven after that leave it on room temperature. They were then macerated to powder form with a mixer grinder. The powder was stored in air sealed polythene bags at room temperature before extraction. The chemical compositions of the ethyl acetate extract of C. setigerus were investigated using Perkin-Elmer Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry, while the mass spectra of the compounds found in the extract was matched with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and WILET 8 library. 115 components of the above said plant were identified. This is the first report of identification of components from the whole plant of C. setigerus by GC-MS.
Authors :
Premlata Singariya, and Padma Kumar : UGC Post-doctoral fellow, Laboratory of Tissue Culture and Secondary Metabolites, Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur- 302004.
Krishan Kumar Mourya : Assistant Director, Rural Veterinary Polyclinic, Hingonia, Jaipur-303012 (Rajasthan).
Price: 251
Participatory Evaluation of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes for Yield and Yield Attributes in Temperate Kashmir
By: Shabir H. Wani , Fayaz A. Sheikh , Parvaze A. Sofi, , Mohamad N. Khan , Najeeb R. Sofi , M. A. Bhat
Page No : 29-35
Abstract
Present investigation was undertaken during 2014 to generate information, through evaluation of a set of common bean material at the farmers’ field along with the farmers’ variety as a check through participatory varietal selection using baby trials. Trials were conducted at various locations of north Kashmir summing to a total of twenty (20) trials at different villages, in which 6 genotypes that were earlier selected from mother trials were tested further by paired comparison through baby trial evaluation system. The genotypes were sown alongside with the farmers’ variety to make an easy comparison of the important yield and yield attributing traits. The comparison of the test varieties was made on the basis of same, more, less and compared to farmers’ variety regarding various traits. Out of the six genotypes (WB-185, WB-83, WB-195, WB-966, WB-258, and Shalimar Rajmash-1) selected from the mother trial, only three genotypes (WB-185, WB-83, WB-195) seemed to be performing better than the local check than other three varieties (WB-966, WB-258, and Shalimar Rajmash-1) in the baby trial. The finally selected three varieties from the baby trial were having the desirable traits such as, days to 50% flowering, days taken for maturity (less than the average), mean of pods per plant, pod yield per plant, seeds per pod and seed yield per plot and were higher than the average mean of the local farmers’ check. The study revealed a recommendation that genotypes WB-185, WB-83 and WB-195 should be extensively tested in farmers fields for further evaluation as well as concomitant seed multiplication, so that the variety reaches the production chain. It would be desirable to encourage participant farmers to take up seed production, so that local seed systems are strengthened.
Authors :
Fayaz A. Sheikh, Parvaze A. Sofi, Mohamad N. Khan and M. A. Bhat : Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, FoA, Wadura, Sopore-193201
Najeeb R. Sofi and Shabir H. Wani : MRCFGC Khudwani Anantnag-192101 Sher e Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Kashmir, India
Price: 251
Seed germination and seedling growth traits in different varieties of Foeniculum vulgare grown in Rajasthan
By: Staffi Grover
Page No : 37-43
Abstract
Cissus quadrangularis is a very important medicinal plant, found in tropical countries including India. The plant is used for the treatment of number of diseases specifically for healing up of fractured bone that is why known as “Hadjod”. The plant is rich in phytosterol content which is one of the major constituent and mainly responsible for healing up of wounded tissues. In the present study hadjod collected from five districts of Chhattisgarh, (Ambikapur, Korba, Raipur, Dhamtari and Jagdalpur) were compared for their phytosterol contents. Presence of stigma sterol and â sitosterol in ethanol extract of Cissus quadrangularis were confirmed by TLC. Quantitative analysis of the samples has been done spectrophotometrically. Both of the sterol content was found to be higher in the samples of district Korba. Key words: Cissus Quadrangularis, Hadjod, Photometabolites,sterols, Thin Layer Chromatography. Jour Pl Sci Res 33 (1) 37-43 2017 processes in different varieties of F. vulgare. These methods have also been adopted by several other workers (Atia et al., 2006; Sayar et al., 2010 and Godakahriz et al., 2012). It exhibits a tremendous amount of diversity at phenotypic, genotypic and biochemical levels. Fennel seeds often fail to germinate due to presence of dormancy which results in low fennel production all over the world (Neamatollahi et al., 2009). Priming can be a valuable process for improving germination and uniformity of heterogeneously matured seed lots (Olouch & Welbaum, 1996). The data thus, emanating represented the extent of genetic control over germination process in different varieties. MATERIALS AND METHODS The seven varieties of F. vulgare, were obtained from the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, S.K.N College of Agriculture, Jobner, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner. It included FNL-41, 46, RF 101, 125, 143, Different germination phases were compared in the Foeniculum vulgare varieties grown in Rajasthan and differed with regard to imbibitions, time taken for the emergence of radicle, emergence of plumule, cracking of seed coat and gapping apart of cotyledons. Variability was seen in occurrence of these stages in all the varieties. Percentage germination, speed and coefficient of germination, mean germination time, germination rate and vigor, germination and Timson’s index, the seed germination parameters, were computed. Percentage germination varied from 60 to 100 %. Various seedling growth parameters assessed comprised root and shoot length, total length root/shoot ratio and root, shoot fresh and dry matter. Based upon the speed of germination; varieties were classified as fast (RF-125 and 143), modest (RF- 101 and 205) and slow (FNL-46, RF- 178 and FNL- 41) growing varieties. Seven varieties were established distinct at germination level. Studied parameters of seed germination and growth are important not only for physiologists and seed technologists, but also for ecologists because it is possible to predict the degree of success of a species based on the capacity of their harvested seed to spread the germination through time, permitting the conscription in the environment of some part of the seedlings formed.
Author :
Staffi Grover : Jaipur National University, Jaipur
Price: 251
Genetic Variability in Garlic (Allium sativum L.)
By: Suman Gathala , K D Ameta , R B Dubey , R A Kaushik , Hari Singh , V K Kapuriya
Page No : 45-50
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to assess the genetic variability among 35 genotypes of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) during winter season of 2015-2016. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The results showed that considerable variability was present for all the 18 characters and high GCV and PCV were observed for sulphur content followed by yield per plant, yield per plot, weight of 10 cloves and volume of 10 cloves. High PCV and moderate GCV were recorded for stem diameter and number of cloves per bulb. High heritability was observed for sulphur content, yield per plant, yield per plot, weight of 10 cloves, volume of 10 cloves, number of cloves per bulb, clove diameter, leaf width, stem diameter, plant height at harvest. High heritability along with high genetic advance as per cent of mean were recorded for sulphur content, yield per plant and yield per plot.
Authors :
Suman Gathala, K D Ameta, R B Dubey, R A Kaushik, Hari Singh and V K Kapuriya : Department of Horticulture, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan-313001
Price: 251
Effect of Seed Treatment on Alleviation of Low Temperature Stress in Tinda (Citrullus vulgaris L.)
By: Dimple Parcha , Namarta Gupta
Page No : 51-56
Abstract
The investigation was planned to study, the effect of proline and salicylic acid on germination and antioxidant enzymes in the seedling of tinda (Citrullus vulgaris L.) cultivar S-48 seeds at different temperature (25°C and 20°C). Seeds were treated with different concentration of proline (1mM, 5mM, 10mM and 20mM) and salicylic acid (0.1mM, 0.5mM, 1mM and 5mM) for 5 hours at 25°C and 20°C. The seed treatments increased the germination percentage and activity of antioxidant enzymes like catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase as compared to control at both the temperatures. Soaking the seed with proline 20mM recorded maximum germination percentage (96.19, 90.00) over control and activity of antioxidant enzymes viz. catalase (74.03, 60.82), peroxidase (2.12, 1.35) and superoxide dismutase (54.44, 33.63) as compared to control at both the temperatures 25°C and 20°C respectively. Similarly, among the different concentrations of salicylic acid, salicylic acid 1mM recorded maximum germination percentage (93.33, 90.67) and activity of antioxidant enzymes viz. catalase (90.49, 81.61), peroxidase (2.86, 1.96) and superoxide dismutase (66.84, 41.65) as compared to control at both the temperatures 25°C and 20°C respectively. Thus, proline 20 mM and SA 1mM can be used to ameliorate the low temperature tolerance in tinda.
Authors :
Dimple Parcha and Namarta Gupta : Department of Botany, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India
Price: 251
Isolation and Identification of Sediment derived Actinomycetes through Molecular Characterization of 16s rRNA Technique
By: G. Velayutham , S. Jenifer , S. Senthil Kumar
Page No : 57-61
Abstract
To investigate, isolate and identification, characterizations of Bioactive potential cytotoxic effect of actinomycetes collected from turmeric crop plantation in Erode, District. The soil samples were air dried under in vitro lab condition for 3 – 4 days. After air drying it has been washed two times with the help of distilled water to remove the unwanted dust particles from the soil sample. The soil samples was subjected into the basic microbiological techniques such as, serial dilution, pour plate and spread plate methods, that is to identify the specific growth of actinomycetes and its identified that it is present in the 10-3 and 10-4. Followed by the microbiological procedure, finally the samples were undergone for identifying the biochemical characterization and using various parameters of the biochemical test like Methyl red, Vogues-Proskauer, Nitrate Reduction were clearly performed for the identification. After the isolation procedure is completed the sample was subjected to the 16s rRNA sequencing analysis of selected actionomycetes. Isolated actinomycetes culture was identified by 16s rRNA sequencing and it was confirmed through the bioinformatics tools as BLAST.
Authors :
G. Velayutham : PG and Research Department of Biotechnology, National College, Tiruchirapalli – 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
S. Jenifer : Assistant Professor, PG And Research Department of Biotechnology, Marudupandiyar Institutions, Thanjavur – 613004., Tamilnadu., India
S. Senthil Kumar : Assistant Professor, PG and Research Department of Biotechnology, National College, Tiruchirapalli – 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
Price: 251
Study on Genetic Diversity of some Morpho types of Verbesina encelioides (Cav.) Benth. & Hook. f.ex A. Gray using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter sequence repeat (ISSR)
By: C P Malik , Damini Singh
Page No : 63-69
Abstract
Present investigations were carried out in Verbesina encelioides. Morphological studies were carried out using multivariate data analysis method. Dissimilarity coefficient value ranged from 1.41 to 3.62 percent in all ten morphotypes were recognised from field studies. Morphotype 2 and 8 were found entirely similar to each other as revealed from clustering based on euclidian distances. The two markers, RAPD and ISSR used proved as the effective tools to evaluate genetic diversity in different morphotypes of V. encelioides selected. The dendrogram constructed based on Euclidian distances from the morphological data revealed that the 10 genotypes were divisible into two clusters; the first cluster included only morphotype 1 remaining were included in second cluster. Cluster II was subdivided into two sub clusters i.e. I (a) 2, 8, 5, 6, 10 and 9 and I(b) 3, 4 and 7. Each morphotype is shown to have unique DNA fingerprint and could be used to identify individual morphotype.
Authors :
Damini Singh and C P Malik : School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur
Price: 251
Biochemical Characterization in different Accessions of Fennel to Assess variability at Biochemical Level
By: Staffi Grover
Page No : 71-76
Abstract
Seven fennel varieties collected from Rajasthan were analysed for their biochemical characteristics. The objective was to ascertain the extent of the genetic diversity underlying their biochemical and physiological characteristics that included chlorophylls and carotenoids content, Chl a/b ratio, Hill reaction activity, total sugars, reducing sugars, free amino acids, total proteins, oil content and free fatty acids. The data pertaining to these characters exhibited significant variation and can be helpful in identification of possible donors for fennel breeding programs. Plant breeding research nad cultivar development are integral components of improving food production, therefore, availability and access to diverse genetic sources will ensure more sustainability of global food production.
Author :
Staffi Grover : Research Fellow School of Basic Sciences, Jaipur National University, JAIPUR
Price: 251
Identification and Comparison of Chemical Compounds in different varieties of Foeniculum vulgare using GC-MS analysis
By: Damini Singh , Chitra Yadav
Page No : 77-84
Abstract
India has rich biodiversity and plants have been a source to cure diverse health problems since ancient times. Foeniculum vulgare is one of the medicinal plants having therapeutic importance on various ailments. Foeniculum vulgare, known as Saunf in Hindi, is one of the oldest herbs and possesses beneficial medicinal effects. In this present study, 14 varieties have been identified on the basis of genetic diversity. Their physicochemical characterization and comparison of biochemical constituents have been identified by GCMS and reported further.
Authors :
Bratati Roy : P.hD. Student, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Chitra Yadav : Student, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
CP Malik : Life science Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Price: 251
Unleashing Innovations in Plant Sciences
By: C P Malik , Bratati Roy , Dheera Sanadhya
Page No : 85-116
Abstract
Innovations in plant sciences provide a factual crystallization of some of the emerging leading-edge topics and developments in the field of biotechnological research. Biotechnology refers to the use of living systems to develop products as new scientific innovations allow for better understanding of fundamental life processes at the cellular and molecular level. By incorporating precise genetic modifications that were not possible using traditional methods, biotechnologists have successfully improved selected attributes of microbes, plants, or animals for human use. This article comprehensively summarizes the evolving research topics in the field of plant sciences with their applications. Some of the interesting topics are Barley genome sequenced, glow-in-thedark mushrooms, role of abscisic acid in branching and ferns, sugarcane to produce biodiesel, innovations related to photosynthesis process, Info graphic: Cross-Kingdom RNAi, reports related to insectivorous plants and yeast artifical chromosomes, cell signaling and many more.Innovations in plant sciences provide a factual crystallization of some of the emerging leading-edge topics and developments in the field of biotechnological research. Biotechnology refers to the use of living systems to develop products as new scientific innovations allow for better understanding of fundamental life processes at the cellular and molecular level. By incorporating precise genetic modifications that were not possible using traditional methods, biotechnologists have successfully improved selected attributes of microbes, plants, or animals for human use. This article comprehensively summarizes the evolving research topics in the field of plant sciences with their applications. Some of the interesting topics are Barley genome sequenced, glow-in-thedark mushrooms, role of abscisic acid in branching and ferns, sugarcane to produce biodiesel, innovations related to photosynthesis process, Info graphic: Cross-Kingdom RNAi, reports related to insectivorous plants and yeast artifical chromosomes, cell signaling and many more.
Authors :
C P Malik, Dheera Sanadhya and Bratati Roy : School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur.
Price: 251
The King of Bitters, “Andrographis paniculata”: A Plant with Multiple Medicinal Properties
By: Dheera Sanadhya , Preeti Sharma
Page No : 117-125
Abstract
Andrographis paniculata, a plant with variable miraculous medicinal properties. It is one of the highly used potential medicinal plants in the world. It provided a new horizon to researchers to harness its medicinal properties. It is used to cure array of diseases such as cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure, leprosy, diahorrea, common cold, skin diseases, colic, flatulence, dyspepsia etc. Extract and pure compounds of this plant are responsible for its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiangiogenic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, anticancer, antivenom, anti HIV, antimalarial, antipyretic, antifertility, antidiarrhoeal, antidiabetic, antihiperlipidemic, and antitoxicity activities. Its demand and uses are growing up with various research reports standing in support of its multifarious medicinal properties. However, plant is having bright future for its appreciated health benefits.
Authors :
Preeti Sharma : Assistant Professor, School of Life and Basic Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur.
Dheera Sanadhya : Associate Professor, School of Life and Basic Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur
Price: 251
Jul-2017 to Dec-2017
Assessment of Genetic Variability, Interrelationships among Cane Yield Attributes in Sugarcane (Saccharum ssp.) Under Plant and Ratoon Crops
By: Gulzar S Sanghera , Vikrant Tyagi , L Kashyap , Rupinderpal Singh
Page No : 127-138
Abstract
Eight sugarcane genotypes including 3 standards representing mid maturing group were evaluated at Punjab Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Kapurthala, during 2013-14 and 2014- 2015 under plant and ratoon crop in randomized block design. The experiment plot size in both years was 36 m-2 in three replications with an inter-row spacing of 90 cm. The data were recorded on seventeen cane yield and quality traits. Analysis recorded that genotypes used in the testing differed significantly with respect to all characters studied. The high phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation were observed for single cane weight in plant crop and pooled analysis respectively, while, in ratoon crop for CCS t/ha. Cane yield was positively significantly correlated with CCS t/ha, stalk length, single cane weight and NMC at 12 months under both plant and ratoon crop while, with stalk diameter, purity at 10 months, no. of shoots at 240 days under ratoon crop. Path analysis revealed high effect of single cane weight, cane diameter, and NMC at harvest on cane yield in both plant and ratoon crops. This study revealed that characters with high heritability coupled with genetic advance and positive association with cane yield and heaving high direct and indirect effects are advocated as selection criteria while selection to be made for higher sugar and cane yield. High indirect effect of number of shoots at 240 days and NMC at harvest, cane length and diameter and single cane weight were recorded that may be used for indirect selection.
Authors :
Gulzar S Sanghera, Vikrant Tyagi, L Kashyap and Rupinderpal Singh : Punjab Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Kapurthala-144601, Punjab, India
Price: 251
Effects of Heat Stress on the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Commiphora wightii (Arnott) Bhandari
By: Vineet Soni , P.L. Swarnkar
Page No : 139-145
Abstract
Heat stress, whether transitory or constant, causes physiological, biochemical and molecular changes that adversely affect plant growth and productivity by reducing photosynthesis. To elucidate the photosynthetic adaption response under heat stress, we measured various photosynthetic parameters in C. wightii plants through polyphasic chlorophyll fluorescence OJIP analysis. Chlorophyll a fluorescence analysis indicates that plants are quite resistant and well developed physiologically to survive in heat stress conditions by maintaining their photosynthetic performance through increasing their light trapping and electron transfer efficiency at reaction center level. The high activity of reaction centers, despite their low density in heat strssed plants, indicate that the reaction centers have enhanced their activity to cope up with their meagre number. The study describes the physiological basis of heat tolerance and will, therefore, be useful in transgenics for the development of high temperature tolerant plants.
Authors :
Vineet Soni : Plant Bioenergetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, India
P.L. Swarnkar : Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
Price: 251
Biofortification of Crops for Reducing Malnutrition
By: Ravi Kumar , M. L. Jakhar , Hari Ram Jat
Page No : 147-149
Abstract
Nearly, 3.1 million school age children suffer eye damages due to Vit- A deficiency and another 227.5 million are sub-clinically affected as per WHO report. Over 3 billion people in the world suffer from iron deficiency. A significant portion of people in developing countries relies largely on one or more of the staple crops such as rice, maize, wheat, potato and cassava for their nutrition. These crops are the main subjects of biofortification projects. In staple grains such as rice, improvement of some complex traits such as vitamin A is not possible using conventional breeding strategies, as there are no natural rice varieties rich in this vitamin. In developing countries, where vitamin A deficiency prevails, grain from Golden Rice is expected to provide this important micronutrient sustainably through agriculture. Since its original production, the prototype Golden Rice has undergone intense research to increase the provitamin A content, to establish the scientific basis for its carotenoid complement, and to better comply with regulatory requirements.
Authors :
Ravi Kumar and Hari Ram Jat : Research scholar, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics
M. L. Jakhar : Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, S. K. N. Agriculture University, Jobner
Price: 251
Stimulatory effect of PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizospheric Bacteria) on Medicinal and Growth properties of a potential medicinal herb Chlorophytum borivilianum: A review
By: Baby Kumari , Amandeep Horak , M.A. Mallick
Page No : 151-156
Abstract
Now-a–days worldwide shift towards herbal preparations over synthetic pharmaceutical has realized the importance of focused research in medicinal plants. Chlorophytum borivilianum (Family: Liliaceae), an important threatened medicinal herb is designated as ‘Rare’ in Red Data Book of Indian plants. C.borivilianum’s saponins possess a variety of biological activities, viz. antioxidant, immunostimulant, antihepatotoxic, antibacterial, anticarcinogenic, antidiarrheal, antiulcerogenic, hypocholesterolemic, anticoagulant, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory activity, useful in diabetic retinopathy, inhibition of dental caries, and platelet aggregation. Due to overexploitation of this valuable resource of medicine, researchers are now focusing on isolation and characterization of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizospheric Bacteria (PGPR) from its rhizoshpere and its implementation to improve its growth and medicinal value. This review focuses on the current scenario of PGPR research from C.borivilianum.
Authors :
Baby Kumari : Department of Biotechnology, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribagh-825301, Jharkhand, India
Amandeep Hora : Deputy Dean, G.S. Gill Research Institute, Guru Nanak College, Chennai-600042, Tamil Nadu, India
M.A. Mallick : Dean, Department of Science, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribag-825301, Jharkhand, India
Price: 251
Additions to the Flora of Nalgonda District, Telangana State, India
By: A. Baleeshwar Reddy , A. Vijaya Bhasker Reddy
Page No : 157-166
Abstract
The present study deals with the reporting of 57 taxa belonging to 51 genera under 22 families of flowering plants additions to the Flora of Nalgonda District. Poaceae is the dominant additional species family representing with 19 species, followed by Caesalpiniaceae, Fabaceae (5 species each), Malvaceae (4 species) and Asteraceae (3 species). The families are arranged according to Bentham and Hooker’s (1862-83) system of classification.
Authors :
A. Baleeshwar Reddy and A. Vijaya Bhasker Reddy : Department of Botany, Nizam college, Osmania University, Hyderabad-500 004, Telangana State, India.
Price: 251
Allele Mining – An Approach to Discover Allelic Variation in Crops
By: A. Hemantaranjan , A. Nishant Bhanu , Yugandhar Gokidi , Kailash Chandra , M. N. Singh
Page No : 167-180
Abstract
The development of new high yielding varieties of crop plant made possible by accumulation of beneficial alleles from plant genetic resources existing worldwide but still a significant portion of these alleles were not used as these were left behind during evolution and domestication process in the form of wild relatives and land races. Hence, the vast germplasm need to be relooked for novel alleles to further enhance the genetic potential of crop varieties for various agronomic traits. Based on gene and genome sequences available in public database, PCR strategies are devised to identify and isolate novel and superior alleles of agronomically important genes from a wide range of crop species to suitably organize for the development of improved cultivars. Allele mining can be effectively used for discovery of superior alleles are through ‘mining’ the gene of interest from diverse genetic resources. It can also provide insight into molecular basis of novel trait variations and identify the nucleotide sequence changes associated with superior alleles. It will help to trace the evolution of alleles, identification of new haplotypes and development of allele-specific markers for use in Marker Assisted Selection (MAS). Realizing the immense potential of Allele mining, concerted Allele mining efforts are underway in many international crop research institutes.
Authors :
Yugandhar Gokidi, A. Nishant Bhanu, Kailash Chandra and M. N. Singh : Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
A. Hemantaranjan : Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
Price: 251
Low Cost Tissue Culture : An Overview
By: S. K. Datta , Debasis Chakraborty , T. Janakiram
Page No : 181-199
Abstract
Plant tissue culture is a very important technology which is used for production of large scale quality planting materials of selected novel high yielding varieties to boost production. The technique has certain demerits like high production cost which have limited the use and exploitation at industrial level. The technology is capital, labor and energy intensive. Low cost tissue culture technology may be considered as a high priority in agriculture, horticulture, forestry and floriculture of any country. Various strategies have been adopted by different researchers intelligently and seriously to simplify various operations involved in in vitro propagation to reduce the costs without compromising the quality of the micropropagules and plants. This article reviews the recent advancement in the development and utilization of different cost effective methods/options by improving process efficiency and better utilization of resources.
Authors :
S. K. Datta : DBT-NER Visiting Research Professor, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar; Retd. Sci.’G’, CSIR-NBRI, Lucknow; Ex CSIR Emeritus Scientist, Bose Institute, Kolkata.
Debasis Chakraborty : Genetics and Molecular Biology Div., CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, India,
T. Janakiram : Assistant Director General (Hort. Sci), Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Horticultural Science Division, Room No. 423, Krishi Anusandhan Bhawan - II, Pusa, New Delhi- 110012
Price: 251
Estimation of the effect of drought on morpho-physiological attributes in different coriander genotypes (Coriandrum sativum L.)
By: Mamta Bajya , B. L. Kakralya , Tejpal Bajaya
Page No : 201-207
Abstract
Eight Coriander varieties viz. Rcr-20, Rcr-41, Rcr-435, Rcr-436, Rcr-446, Rcr-475, Rcr-684 and Rcr-728 were conducted at the research farm of S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner (Rajasthan) during Rabi, 2016 in randomized block design with three replications on loamy sand soil under control condition plot were irrigated at regular interval while in drought condition plots were maintained under rainfed condition. Yield and yield contributing parameters were recorded at maturity stages and after harvesting. The Coriander varieties Rcr-20 and Rcr-446 behaved as drought tolerance varieties maintained higher seed yield along with number of umbels per plant, seeds per umbel, test weight, seed yield, biological yield, harvest index under drought conditions. The coriander varieties Rcr-435 and Rcr-728 maintained under higher seed yield along with number of umbels per plant, seeds per umbel, test weight, seed yield, biological yield, harvest index under control conditions.
Authors :
Mamta Bajya : Research Scholar, Department of Plant Physiology, SKN College of Agriculture (SKNAU) Jobner- Jaipur (Rajasthan) 303329.
B. L. Kakralya : Professor & Head, Department of Plant Physiology, SKN College of Agriculture (SKNAU) Jobner- Jaipur (Rajasthan) 303329.
Tejpal Bajaya : Department of Plant Pathology. SKN College of Agriculture (SKNAU) Jobner- Jaipur (Rajasthan) 303329.
Price: 251
Withania somnifera: An important herb in Ayurveda and Indigenous Medicinal System
By: Ritesh Kaur , Kamaljit Kaur , Gurpreet Kaur
Page No : 209-222
Abstract
Withania somnifera is commonly known as ‘Ashwagandha’ and referred to as Indian Ginseng and is a member of family Solanaceae. Withania somnifera and its chemical components possess various toxicological and pharmacological properties including antioxidant, anti inflammatory, anti-cancer and many antimicrobial activities. These properties strongly suggest a wide range use of Ashwagandha for clinical applications. This review will discuss the areas for which Ashwagandha has shown therapeutic and antimicrobial properties.
Authors :
Kamaljit Kaur, Gurpreet Kaur and Ritesh Kaur : Department of Biosciences, Asian Group of Colleges, Patiala, Punjab
Price: 251
Current and Emerging Advances in Plant Sciences
By: C P Malik , Dheera Sanadhya
Page No : 223-261
Abstract
The intent is to promote Advancement, disseminate awareness on new and major scientific discoveries in plants and their applications. The trends in conservation, modern modes of propagation are also summarized. The idea is to enable pure and applied scientists to keep abreast of the ever-increasing literature being published in their subject area, in order to update teaching and research. The concept is to apprise plant scientists of latest literature on different facets of scientific discoveries. Major subject areas which will be covered shall include: Molecular biology; Photosynthesis; Enzymes; Cell biology; Tissue culture; Stress physiology; Anatomy and morphology; Reproductive development; Plant Growth regulators, Biotechnology; Crop physiology; Agronomy and horticulture; Taxonomy, systematics and evolutionary studies.
Authors :
C.P. Malik : Academic advisor, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India,
Dheera Sanadhya : Associate Professor, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Price: 251
Jan-2016 to Jun-2016
Archegoniatae Diversity in Thummalapalle Uranium Mining Area, Andhra Pradesh, India
By: K. Raja Kullayiswamy , M. Sowghandika , S. Sandhya Rani , T. Pullaiah
Page No : 1-11
Abstract
Thummalapalle Uranium Mining site is located at Thummalapalle in Kadapa district of Andhra Pradesh, where underground mining is being done. Study area comprises 30 Km radius from mining site, covers some part of Ananthapuramu and Kadapa districts of Andhra Pradesh. Intensive exploration of Thummalapalle Uranium Mining Area yielded 35 species of Archegoniatae (Bryophytes and Pteridophytes). Distribution, ecology, habitat and range of all the species of Bryophytes and Pteridophytes are given.
Authors :
K. Raja Kullayiswamy : Herbarium, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka
M. Sowghandika : Government college for Men, Ananthapramu 515001, A.P
S. Sandhya Rani and T. Pullaiah : Department of Botany, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu 515 003, A.P
Price: 251
Physiological Analyses of Coconut Palms (Cocos nucifera L.) Affected with Foliar Yellowing
By: Deepa Sinha , C, Roy Stephen , R. V. Manju , Viji M. M
Page No : 13-19
Abstract
Kerala the ‘Land of coconut’ occupies first position in area and production of coconut in India, but the productivity is below the national average. This is because of unproductive and senile palms, lack of adaptation of recommended cultivation practices and serious incidence of pests and diseases. Mid whorl yellowing a type of yellowing in coconut characterised by shedding of immature nuts, drying of inflorescence and serious reduction in nut yield, is rapidly spreading throughout Kerala. Physiological and biochemical analyses were carried out in palms affected with foliar yellowing. The results of biochemical and physiological analyses of the selected palms clearly indicated an altered primary metabolism, source-sink relation and a complexity in the nutriophysiology.
Authors :
Deepa S, Manju R. V., Roy Stephen and Viji M. M. : Department of Plant Physiology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
Price: 251
ISSR Diversity and Genetic Differentiation of Selected Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) and Implications for Precious Fennel Germplasm Conservation
By: C P Malik , Chitrangda Yadav
Page No : 21-26
Abstract
Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) is an important medicinal plant used for various purposes in different industries. In this study, the genomic DNA profiles of fourteen fennel varieties/accessions of Foeniculum vulgare P.MILL (fam: Apiaceae) were collected from different locations in Northern India. Seeds of defined varieties grown in Rajasthan were procured from the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, S.K.N College of Agriculture, Jobner, Jaipur (Rajasthan) cultivars were evaluated using 73 ISSR primers were screened. The characteristics of 22 amplified (ISSR) inter simple sequence repeat markers with a total of 180 fragments, of which 150 were polymorphic. In UPGMA cluster analysis based on simple matching dissimilarity matrix resolved the fourteen investigated cultivars were represented in eight main groups and this showed wide range of genetic diversity. Genetic similarity within accessions 6 (RF-205) and 4 (RF-145) was very wide. Variety 6 was very different ranged from 0.79 to 0.98. The most genetic similar ranged from 0.96 variety 9(GF-02) to 0.98 variety 10(GF-12) (figure 5). Overall, the study ascertained that ISSRs provide powerful marker tools in revealing genetic diversity and relationships in Fennels, thereby proving useful for selection of parents in breeding programs and also for DNA fingerprinting and identification of cultivars. In term of conservation program, it is highly recommended at least one conservation program for several accessions with near genetically distance should be conducted.
Authors :
Chitrangda Yadav : PhD Research Scholar,Jaipur National University, Jaipur-302017, Rajasthan, India
C.P.Malik : Advisor (Academics), School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur-302017, Rajasthan, India
Price: 251
Genetic Diversity Assessment in Trachyspermum ammi L. Sprague Using CDDP and CBDP Markers
By: C P Malik , Priya Tomar
Page No : 27-36
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi.L. Sprague commonly known as ‘Ajwain’ belonging to family Apiaceae is distributed throughout India and is mostly cultivated in Gujarat and Rajasthan which constitutes various phytochemical constituents and proven to possess various pharmacological activities. Genetic diversity study was carried out in twelve accessions of Trachyspermum ammi by using Conserved DNA-Derived Polymorphism (CDDP) and CAAT Box-Derived Polymorphism (CBDP) markers. Total genomic DNA was extracted from young leaves following the standard CTAB method. A total of 21 CDDP primers and 25 CBDP primers were used for the analysis. In CDDP, method uses single 15-19 primers for PCR at annealing temperature of 500 C while CBDP primers are 18 nucleotides long but with same annealing temperature 500 C. The present investigation revealed that these novel molecular markers could be successfully utilized to determine genetic diversity and genetic relationship of various accessions of Trachyspermum ammi.
Authors :
Priya Tomar : PhD Scholar, School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur 302017 Rajasthan, India
C.P. Malik : Academic Advisor, School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur 302017 Rajasthan, India
Price: 251
Molecular Characterization of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) accessions using Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) markers
By: C P Malik , Chitrangda Yadav
Page No : 37-44
Abstract
Fourteen accessions collected from different locations in Northern India. Seeds of defined varieties grown in Rajasthan were procured from the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, S.K.N College of Agriculture, Jobner, Jaipur (Rajasthan) India were studied using Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) markers. Total thirty-six SCoT primers were screened to study the diversity, out of which thirty five primers could amplify reproducible bands. A part of that SCoT 20 primer could not amplify reproducible bands. These primers were selected for molecular characterization of fourteen Foeniculum vulgare accessions, which produced a total of 256 bands (7.0 bands per primer), of which 240 were polymorphic. The analysis revealed 85.69% polymorphism for SCoT, respectively. Similarity coefficient was used to detect the phylogenetic relationship, subsequently dendogram was constructed for SCoT data. The UPGMA cluster analysis revealed two distinct sub-clusters in the dendogram. In cluster1 thirteen accessions were grouping together whereas variety 6 present in cluster 2. Accession number 6 was different to all thirteen. The genetic diversity explained by gene targeted markers shows that SCoT marker can be very effective for characterization of genetic diversity in medicinal plant like Foeniculum vulgare.
Authors :
Chitrangda Yadav : PhD Research Scholar, School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur302017, Rajasthan, India
C.P.Malik : Advisor (Academics), School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur302017, Rajasthan, India.
Price: 251
Screening of 12 Barley (Hordeum vulgare L) Varieties for Aluminium Toxicity using Germination Marker Analyse by one way ANOVA
By: C P Malik , Mohd Shahnawaz
Page No : 45-51
Abstract
Al is the crucial growth limiting factor for crop production in acidic soil all over the world. This experiment was targeted to screening of 12 barley varieties in presence of Al toxicity and the selection was of most tolerant and susceptible variety. The all 12 barley seeds were grown under in-vitro conditions with different concentrations of AlCl3 (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 mM) at acidic pH followed by root growth method analysis. The screening was performed using statistical tool one way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The experimental design was completely randomized design (CDR). Data analysis was carried out using SPSS software. Granting to statistical results RD2552 performed as most tolerant and RD2052 performed as susceptible against AlCl3 among all barley varieties.
Authors :
Mohd Shahnawaz : PhD Scholar, School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur 302017 Rajasthan, India
Dheera Sanadhya : Associate Professor, School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur 302017 Rajasthan, India
Price: 251
Transgenic Research: Present Status, Concerns and Future Prospects
By: Shabir H. Wani , M. A. Bhat , Javeed A. Lone , Asif B. Shikar , Rayees A. Lone
Page No : 53-71
Abstract
Transgenic plant research depends on the availability of procedures for plant transformation. It is usually carried out by two methods i,e. the use of Agrobacterium as a biological vector for foreign gene transfer, and direct gene transfer techniques. Agrobacterium can be used to transform a wide range of plants, but there are a number of species which are of interest for basic or applied research in which of Agrobacterium - mediated transformation is not reproducible or efficient. The “first generation” of transgenic crops were aimed at improving traits involving single genes. Transgenic technology has been pivotal in the full spectrum of new developments, from gene identification to an improved understanding of their regulation, as well as genetic transformation involving more complex transfers of many genes simultaneously. In 2014 global biotech crop hectarage continued to grow for the 19th consecutive year of commercialization; 18 million farmers in 28 countries planted more than 181 million hectares in 2014, up from 175 million in 27 countries in 2013. India cultivated a record 11.6 million hectares of Bt cotton planted by 7.7 million small farmers with an adoption rate of 95%, up from 11.0 million hectares in 2013. Notably, the increase from 50,000 hectares of Bt cotton in 2002 to 11.6 million hectares in 2014, represents an unprecedented 230-fold increase in thirteen years. latest provisional estimate indicated that India had enhanced farm income from Bt cotton by US$16.7 billion in the twelve year period 2002 to 2013 and US$2.1 billion in 2013 alone, similar to 2012. Notably, Bangladesh, a small poor country approved Bt brinjal/egg plant for the first time on 30 October 2013, and in record time-less than 100 days after Production of transgenic crops with enhanced heat stress tolerance is a highly desired agronomic trait for the sustainability of food production in 21st century.
Authors :
Javeed A. Lone, Shabir H. Wani, M. Ashraf Bhat, Asif B. Shikari and Rayees A. Lone : Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e- Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology of Kashmir, India
Price: 251
Aluminum (Al) Toxicity in Plants and Resistance Mechanism: A Review
By: Dheera Sanadhya , Mohd Shahnawaz , Rajni Chauhan
Page No : 73-86
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is the major element in the soil and exists as a stable complex with oxygen and silicone. At acidic soil pH<5.5, Al gets solubilized in the soil water and becomes freely available for absorption by plant roots. Absorbed Al inhibits root elongation severely within hours. Thus, Al toxicity is a very important limiting factor of crop production around the world; as approximately 30% of the world’s ice free land areas are consist of acid soil. Al toxicity constraint the crop producing approximately 67% of the total acid soil. Thus, many researchers have been conducted to understand the mechanism of Al toxicity and resistance mechanism in plants. Basically, Al resistance can be achieved by mechanisms that facilitate Al exclusion from the root apex and/or by mechanisms that confer the ability of plants to tolerate Al in the plant symbolism. However, despite intense research efforts, there are many aspects of Al toxicity and resistance mechanism remains uncovered. This review is focused on the detailed aspects of Al toxicity in plants along with plant resistance mechanism to cope up the adverse effects.
Authors :
Mohammad Shahnawaz, Rajni Chauhan and Dheera Sanadhya : Jaipur National University, Jaipur-302017
Price: 251
Agro-molecular Diversity Analysis of Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) Genotypes using Microsatellite based Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) Marker
By: Mitali Dash , K.C. Samal
Page No : 87-94
Abstract
Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is an annual diploid (2n=30) old-world crop species traditionally grown for its fibre and oil. In the present study observations on various important morpho-agronomic characters viz. plant type, flower characters, maturity duration, seed character, 1000 grain weight, days to maturity and disease response of eight linseed varieties were recorded. Variety “OL-8-2-7” was found to be more different than others with respect to flower colour while the variety ‘OL-98-13-1’and ‘OL-98-15-2’were observed to share most of the morphological characters. Fifteen custom designed linseed SSR primers were screened for DNA profiling out of which 3 SSR primers yielded discrete reproducible amplicons that were used to generate the DNA fingerprint profile of eight linseed varieties. Total of eleven numbers of bands ranging in size from 100bp to 2500 bp were obtained. The SSR marker LU2 and LU3 were found to be more polymorphic than ‘LU1’. The SSR primer LU2 produced the maximum number of bands (6) followed by SSR primer LU3 (3). The average percentage polymorphism among the primers was found to be 55.44% while the polymorphism information content (PIC) value was 0.549. On the basis of Jaccard’s pairwise similarity coefficient estimates of similarity matrix ranged from 0.09 to 0.88. The average similarity coefficient (0.47) was recorded among all the varieties. Cluster analysis by using the UPGMA algorithm grouped the eight genotypes into two major clusters. The varieties ‘OL-98-6-2’ and ‘OL-98-6-4’ were placed away from the other varieties. The variety pair ‘OL-827’and ‘Padmini’ and variety pair ‘OL-98- 13-1’and ‘Padmini’ were most similar while variety pair ‘OL-98-6-2’ and ‘OL-08-3-19’. (0.09) were least similar. This indicates that these two varieties can be used further in breeding programme. The information obtained in the study may be useful in background selection as well as characterization of linseed genotypes.
Authors :
Mitali Dash and K.C. Samal : Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751003, Odisha, India.
Price: 251
Callus regeneration of Shami (Prosopis cineraria) an Endangered Plant of Braj Region of Uttar Pradesh
By: Divya Pathak , Rajneesh K. Agnihotri , Rajendra Sharma
Page No : 95-100
Abstract
India has ranked first in the term of flora in rich biodiversity which contain medicinal economical and high value plants. Prosopis cineraria considered as an auspicious plant belongs to family Fabaceae under the endangered category. So the conservation of this plant is very important. Through in-vitro technique effort has been made to conserve and protect is important plant species. Callus culture was initiated from explants on the Murashige and Skoog medium having 30 g/l sucrose, 0.8% agar supplemented with various concentrations of BAP + NAA (2+1, 4+1, 5+1 mg/l). The maximum induction (62.50%) was observed in 2 mg/l BAP + 1 mg/l NAA under and above the surface of medium. At the beginning explants produced whitish yellow calli after 4 weeks of inoculation. In 3 mg/l BAP and in 2 mg/l BAP + 1 mg/l NAA maximum callus were developed. BAP (2 mg/l) and NAA (1 mg/l) showed the good performance and calli were formed in highest number after 12 weeks of subculture.
Authors :
Divya Pathak, Rajneesh K. Agnihotri and Rajendra Sharma : Department of Botany, S.L.S. Khandari Campus, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar University, Agra
Price: 251
Obituary
By: ..
Jul-2016 to Dec-2016
Stability Analysis for Yield and its Attributes in Fieldpea (Pisum sativum L.) Under Kashmir Conditions
By: Shabir H. Wani , Asma Majid , S. A. Dar
Page No : 101-105
Abstract
Eleven promising genotypes of fieldpea including two high yielding released varieties viz., Shalimar Pea-1 and Rachna were selected in the present study for their morphological, seed yield and quality traits. The experimental material was evaluated during rabi 2013-14 at three locations across the random environments of Kashmir valley for stability performance. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed presence of significant variations among all genotypes for all the traits. As per Eberhart and Russell’s model the mean squares due to genotype x environment (G×E) interaction was also significant revealing that genotypes did not perform equally over the environments. The mean square due the environments was significant for all the characters revealed the influence of the environments on these traits. Mean squares of linear and non-linear components revealed that environments (linear) were significant for all the traits which further highlighted the fact that differences between the environments existed and they had considerable influence on all the traits. Mean squares due to G×E (linear) were significant for all the traits. Stability analysis revealed that mean square deviation from regression (S2 di ) was non-significant for most of genotypes across 3 random environments and hence prediction of stability for these genotypes was precise and reliable. The linear regression (bi ) was non-significant for SKUA-P-RF-34 and SKUA-P-RF-36 revealing that these cultivars were average in stability. Comparing their performance with the mean, it was observed that these two genotypes viz., SKUA-P-RF-34 and SKUA-P-RF-36 were well adapted to all the environments. These two genotypes needs to be tested at large number of locations across the valley to further analyze the stability in identifying for commercial cultivation.
Authors :
Asma Majid and Shabir H. Wani : Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, FoA, Wadura, Sopore -193201, SKUAST-K, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
S. A. Dar : DARS, Budgam, SKUAST-K, P.O Rangreth, Srinagar-191132, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Price: 251
Influence of Brassinolide in Mitigating the Adverse Effect of Drought on Physiological attributes in Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum Linn) Genotypes
By: B. L. Kakralya , M. Singh , Prakash Mahala
Page No : 107-110
Abstract
The experiment was conducted at the cage house in the Department of Plant Physiology, S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner (Jaipur) to study the effect of brassinolide on physiological aspects of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum Linn) under drought conditions. Four fenugreek cultivars namely RMt-1, RMt-361, RMt-305 and Hissar Sonali were grown in ceramic pots under normal conditions till vegetative stage and then plants were sprayed with brassinolide (0.0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 ppm concentration) followed by half the plant population subjected to water stress by withholding irrigation. The observations were recorded at 7-days after first (pre-flowering) spray and 17-days after first spray of brassinolides. It was observed that 1.0 ppm concentration of brassinolide was most effective under both non-stress and water stress condition. It may be concluded that RMt305 was drought tolerant, among cultivars studied and brassinolide showed positive response towards all the physiological parameters by reducing the adverse effect of drought stress.
Authors :
M. Singh, B. L. Kakralya and Prakash Mahala : SKN College of Agriculture, Jobner, Rajasthan 303329.
Price: 251
Response of Rabi Onion (Allium cepa L.) to Varying Levels of Sulphur under Semi-Arid Conditions
By: P. Chand , P. Mahala , P. Singh
Page No : 111-114
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to study the effect of different levels of sulphur on yield attributes and yield of onion under semi arid conditions at Horticulture farm, S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Rajasthan Agricultural University, Jobner during rabi season. The experiment was comprised of three levels of sulphur 30 kg ha-1, 60 kg ha-1 and 90 kg ha-1. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replication. Onion variety RO-1 was taken up in experiment. Results of study revealed that application of 60 kg S ha-1 being at par with 90 kg S ha-1 significantly increased in yield attributes and yield of onion.
Authors :
P. Chand, P. Mahala and P. Singh : Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner , Rajasthan-303329
Price: 251
Anthocyanins from Purple Black Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Act as Effective Natural Food Bio-colorant and Real Time Indicators of Food Spoilage
By: Khalid Z. Masoodi , Minu B. Balkhi , Rovidha S. Rasool , Farheena Shah , Sanjana Kaul , Manoj K. Dhar
Page No : 115-120
Abstract
Synthetic food colours pose a greater threat to humans and are responsible for causing various types of cancers and cardiovascular diseases. Purple black (PB) carrot anthocyanins extract showed different colours at different pH and hence can be used as alternatives to synthetic food colours. PB carrot anthocyanins show red colour in acids and greenish colour in basic solutions. The “colorimetric change” noted with the PB carrot extract is due to gain or loss of a proton (H+), by the pigments present in the extract mainly anthocyanins. This seemingly minor change is sufficient to alter the wavelengths at which the indicator absorbs and reflects light. This change in colour property of PB carrot anthocyanins can be exploited to detect real time food spoilage caused by various pathogens. We concluded that PB carrot is a rich source of dietary anthocyanins which can be used as food colorants and also as real time food spoilage indicators.
Authors :
Khalid Z. Masoodi, Farheena Shah : Transcriptomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar, J&K, India, 190025
Minu B. Balkhi : Department of Biochemistry, GHHS Mirgund, J&K State Govt, J&K, India 190001.
Rovidha S. Rasool : Division of Pathology, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar, J&K, India, 190025
Sanjana Kaul and Manoj K. Dhar : School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, 180006, India
Price: 251
Increasing Pro-Vitamin A in Rice through Gene Amplification Technology
By: Khalid Z. Masoodi , Minu B. Balkhi , Rovidha S. Rasool , Farheena Shah , Nazia Hilal , Saba Mir , Wasia Wani , Sajad M. Zargar , Shafiq A. Wani , Riaz A. Shah
Page No : 121-127
Abstract
Three out of the eight Millennium Development Goals (MGDs); Eradication of poverty and hunger, reduction in child mortality and improving maternal health can be well addressed through food fortification initiatives. Half of the world population, particularly India relies on rice as the main food source being its main source of dietary energy. Since rice does not contain essentials vitamins like ?-carotene, therefore Indian population that is totally dependent on rice are at high risk of developing vitamin A deficiency. In India the burden of Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) amounts to an annual loss of 2.3 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Jammu and Kashmir stands fifth after Mizoram, Goa, Assam, Manipur and West Bengal in having the highest VAD cases in the age group of 10-14 years. The prevalence of biochemical VAD among under-five years children in India is 62%, which is among the highest in the world and accounts for 330000 deaths in India alone (WHO, 2009). Combating VAD among an estimated 12 million preschool children, it is claimed that government programs to provide vitamin A supplements to the affected children are expensive and complicated. And it is asserted that conventional, non-GM methods of introducing or enhancing ?-carotene in other staple crops have been unsuccessful. Failure of Golden rice 1 and 2 in circumventing VAD is due to less amount of available pro-vitamin A. Assuming a ?-carotene to vitamin A conversion rate of 1:1, 200 grams of “Golden Rice” per day will provide enough vitamin A. Contrarily some researchers work with a conversion rate of 2:1, which implies a daily intake of 500 grams of rice to attain the FAO/ WHO figure of 400?g for children between the ages of 1 and 3, thus no agreement on the amount of vitamin A that “Golden Rice 2” can in principle provide. So there is a need for the development of third generation Golden rice which produces even higher amount of ?-carotene through Gene Amplification Technology (GAT).
Authors :
Khalid Z. Masoodi , Farheena Shah, Saba Mir, Wasia Wani and Shafiq A. Wani : Transcriptomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar, J&K, India, 190025.
Minu B. Balkhi : Department of Biochemistry, GHHS Mirgund, J&K State Govt, J&K, India 190001.
Rovidha S. Rasool : Division of Pathology, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar, J&K, India, 190025.
Nazia Hilal and Sajad M. Zargar : Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, India, 190006
Riaz A. Shah : Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar, J&K, India, 190025.
Manoj K. Dhar : School of Biotechnology, Jammu University, Jammu, J&K, India, 180006
Price: 251
In Vitro Regeneration Studies In Wild Crucifers
By: Dr. S. K. Gupta , Shabir H. Wani , Javeed A. Lone , Rayees A. Lone , M. N. Khan , Mamta Sharma
Page No : 129-134
Abstract
“In vitro Regeneration Studies in wild crucifers” was carried out in the Biotechnology Laboratory, Division of Plant Breeding and Genetics. Two wild crucifers were cultured on MS Media supplemented with growth regulators at different concentrations. The highest per cent of aseptic seeds and survival of seedlings was observed after one and four weeks when treated with HgCl2 (0.1%) for 3 minutes. Moderate response was shown at 2, 4-D 2.0 and 2.5 mg/l by B. tournefortii and B. fruticlusa. No response was observed in the MS media supplemented with different concentrations of NAA. The different concentrations of media showed a significant difference in the callus induction frequency (CIF) and regeneration frequency (RF) for the genotype tested. The organic adjuvant (coconut water) was used to increase the callus induction and shoot regeneration efficiency. Thus it is concluded that 2, 4-D 2.0 mg/l and 2.5 mg/l should be applied for maximum callus induction and BAP (5.0 mg/l) + 2, 4-D (0.5 mg/l) for shoot regeneration.
Authors :
Javeed A. Lone and S. K. Gupta : Sher-e- Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology Chatha-190008 Jammu, Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding
M. N. Khan, Shabir H. Wani, Rayees A. Lone and Mamta Sharma :Sher-e- Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology Shalimar-190025 Kashmir, Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Price: 251
CoPb 08217- A Promising Mid Maturing Variety of Sugarcane for Punjab
By: B Kumar , Gulzar S Sanghera , Rupinder Pal Singh , L Kashyap , R Kumar , V Tyagi , O Singh , K S Thind
Page No : 135-141
Abstract
A high yielding mid late maturing clone CoPb 08217 was developed from Co 1158 GC at Punjab Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Kapurthala, Punjab. It was tested against the popular check varieties CoJ 88 (state) and CoS 8436, CoS 767 and CoPant 97222 in mid late maturity group under All India Coordinate Research Project on Sugarcane its performance during 2010-11 to 2013-14. The clone CoPb 08217 exhibited a mean cane yield of 93.14 (t/ha) as compared to CoS 767 (77.52 t/ha), CoS 8436 (73.44 t/ha) and CoPant 97222 77.30 (t/ha) with an increase of 20.15, 26.82 and 20.49 percent, respectively. It has tall thick cylindrical yellowish green canes, asymmetric auricles (i.e. deltoid / transitional), prominent weather and ivory marks with shallow bud groove. Matures in 300 to 320 days and can be crushed from February onwards. CoPb 08217 significantly out-yielded the checks CoJ 88 and CoS 8436 by a margin of 22.03 % and 28.22 %, respectively in 42 station and AICRP(S) research trials. It is a good ratooner which gave 12.28% higher cane yield as compared to CoJ 88 and 45.90 % higher than CoS 8436. It is at par with CoJ 88 and CoS 8436 for quality in both plant and ratoon crops. It is moderately resistance to both red rot pathotypes CF 08 and CF 09 under artificial inoculation conditions, were also found less susceptible to borer complex as compared to checks. Identification of this variety would add to the varietal diversification in the state in mid maturity group. The clone has been found promising with respect to cane yield, sugar yield and red rot resistance to standards. It is identification and release in the state will help the farmers and sugar industry for sustainable sugarcane production.
Authors :
G S Sanghera, R Kumar, V Tyagi, Rupinder Pal Singh, L Kashyap, O Singh, K S Thind and B Kumar : Punjab Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Kapurthala-144601, Punjab, India
Price: 251
Study of heterosis and inbreeding depression for yield attributing characters in Pigeonpea
By: A. Hemantaranjan , A. Nishant Bhanu , M. N. Singh , Abhinav Singh Rathore , S. K. Saroj
Page No : 143-148
Abstract
In the present investigation five pigeonpea crosses namely MAL 18 × BWR-133, Bahar × BSMR 846, Bahar × BWR 23, MAL-18 × BSMR 846 and ICP 2376 × BSMR 846 were studied to comprehend the extent of heterosis over mid-parent (MP) and better-parent (BP) for grain yield and its attributing characters. Maximum positive heterosis over MP was observed in MAL-18 × BSMR-846 for seed yield plant-1 (63.38%) and also for number of pods plant-1 (33.87%). Maximum heterosis over BP was observed for seed yield plant-1 in Bahar × BSMR-846 (34.35%) followed by number of secondary branches plant-1 in MAL-18 × BSMR-846 (34.13%). Positive inbreeding depression for most of the characters indicted that selection could be practiced in latter generations. High heterosis displayed by seed yield plant-1 may be due to pods plant-1, branches pant-1 and plant height. Recurrent selection or Biparental mating for branches plant-1, number of pods plant-1 and seed yield should be recognized as the ideal breeding approach for pigeonpea improvement programme.
Authors :
A. Nishant Bhanu, M. N. Singh, Abhinav Singh Rathore and S. K. Saroj : Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi- 221 005, India.
A. Hemantaranjan : Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi- 221 005, India.
Price: 251
Punica granatum: Cultivation and Medicinal Importances
By: C P Malik , Ritesh Kaur
Page No : 149-160
Abstract
Punica granatum, commonly known as pomegranate (Pg), is a member of the monogeneric family, lythraceae, and mainly found in Iran which is considered to be its primary centre of origin. Pg and its chemical components possess various toxicological and pharmacological properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory (by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines), anti-cancer and anti[1]angiogenesis activities. They also show inhibitory effects on invasion/motility, cell cycle, apoptosis, and vital enzyms such as cyclooxygenase (COX), lipooxygenase (LOX), cytochrome P450 (CYP450), phospholipase A2 (PLA2), ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), carbonic anhydrase (CA), 17beta[1]hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17b-HSDs) and serine protease (SP). In addition, they can stimulate cell differentiation and possess anti-mutagenic effects. However, the exact mechanisms for its pharmacological and toxicological properties remain to be uncertain and need further evaluation. These properties strongly suggest a wide range use of Pg for clinical applications. This review will discuss the areas for which Pg has shown therapeutic properties in different mechanisms.
Authors :
Ritesh Kaur : Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture, Asian Educational Institute, Patiala
C.P. Malik : Academic Advisor, Jaipur National University, Jaipur
Price: 251
Biochemical Characterization and Comparison of Ajwain Seed Extracts through Mass Spectrometry
By: C P Malik , Bratati Roy , Priya Tomar
Page No : 161-188
Abstract
Trachyspermum ammi, Ajwain is a medicinal plant and its seeds are rich in thymol, p-cymene, ?- pinene, ß-pinene, ß-myrcene and ?-terpinene and other chemicals having medicinal properties. The present study reports, physicochemical characterization and comparison of biochemical constituents from 12 varieties of Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi) seeds procured from different parts of India. The most authentic and advanced analytical technique i.e. mass spectrometry was used for the identification of significant masses from the seed extracts.
Authors :
Bratati Roy, Priya Tomar and C.P. Malik : Jaipur National University, Jaipur, India
Price: 251
Non-Timber Forest Produce of Bilaspur Forest Division of Chhattisgarh State of India and their Potential in the Livelihood of Tribal Communities
By: S. J. A. Bhat , Mukhtar A. Itoo , Syed Maqbool Geelani
Page No : 189-194
Abstract
The tribal communities of Bilaspur forest division are dependent on forest resources. A study was conducted in 2009 at Khudia range of Bilaspur forest division to enumerate the forest resources and their utilization for livelihood of tribal’s of the area. The total of 29 wild edible plant species belonging to 21 families were found in the range contributing to life sustaining of tribal communities in the area. The Caesalpiniaceae, Anarcardiaceae and Combretaceae were the dominate plant families contributed (9%) each followed by (6%) of Sapotaceae, Leguminosae, Poaceae, Moraceae, Rutaceae and Stericuliaceae by each family. The Dioscoreaceae contributed only (4%) among the families in the range and (3%) by other remaining families. The study reveals that it is the wild edible fruits which are utilized maximum 24% for sale as well as for domestic consumption followed by root and tuber (20%), leaf and pod (20%), seeds (18%) and flowers (12%). The study concluded that the biodiversity of non-timber forest produce are collected unscientifically and leads to the destruction of these valuable NTFPs in the area. For further exploitation, the produce should be harvested in scientific manner and emphasis should be given on the plantation of these commercially important NTFPs that would improve the income-generating source as well as help to conserve the existing biodiversity of the region.
Authors :
S. J. A. Bhat : Faculty of Forestry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Camp Benihama, Watlar, Ganderbal- 191 201 (J&K)-India.
Mukhtar A. Itoo : Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Environmental Sciences, Gura Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Koni, Bilaspur, (C.G.), India, 495009
Syed Maqbool Geelani : P.G. Department of Environmental Sciences, Govt. S. P. College, Srinagar, 190001
Price: 251
Heat Stress in Plants: Sensing and Defense Mechanisms
By: Akanksha Sehgal , Kumari Sita , Harsh Nayyar
Page No : 195-210
Abstract
High temperature has become a global concern because it severely limits plant growth, metabolism, and productivity worldwide. Plant growth and development involve numerous biochemical reactions that are sensitive to temperature. Plants possess a number of adaptive, avoidance, or acclimation mechanisms to cope with heat stress situations. In addition, major tolerance mechanisms that employ proteins, osmoprotectants, antioxidants, and other factors involved in signaling cascades and transcriptional control are activated to offset stress-induced biochemical and physiological alterations. Plant survival under elevated temperatures depends on the ability to perceive the heat stress stimulus, generate and transmit the signal, and initiate appropriate physiological and biochemical changes. High temperature-induced gene expression and metabolite synthesis also substantially improve tolerance. The physiological and biochemical responses to heat stress are active research areas, and the molecular approaches are being adopted for developing heat tolerance in plants. Recent developments in molecular genetics have contributed greatly to our understanding of the genetic basis of heat stress tolerance. This has led to the development of abiotic stress tolerant plants with yield advantage by modulation of the expression of genes that encode for enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of osmoprotectants (e.g. Proline, sugars, sugar alcohols, glycine betaine and polyamines), anti-oxidant enzymes, protective proteins (e.g. HSPs), transporters, regulatory proteins, kinases and transcription factors. The present article discusses the various defense mechanisms to counter heat stress responses encompassing different pathways that provide tolerance during high stress.
Authors :
Akanksha Sehgal, Kumari Sita and Harsh Nayyar : Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 16004, India
Price: 251
Book Review
By: ..
Page No : 211-212
Awards and Honours
By: ..
Jan-2015 to Jun-2015
Microsatellites : A Review
By: C P Malik , Akhil K. Sankhla
Page No : 1-11
Abstract
Microsatellites have evolved as most adaptable and popular genetic marker in a multitude of plant systems. Due to their co-dominant, hyper-variable and multiallelic nature, they are the leading markers of choice for genetic finger printing, conservation biology, plant breeding and phylogenetic studies. SSR mutations or microsatellite instability (MSI) can result in either expansion or contraction of repeat units. The significance of microsatellite markers is because of their abundance in the genome, their single locus nature, ease of assay, mendelian inheritance and codominant nature. Despite the development of a new set of SSR markers for a species remained time consuming and expensive for many years. However, with the recent advancement in genomics, new strategies and protocols are now available for the generation of SSR markers. This chapter presents an overview on microsatellite markers, their applications and utility with an insight on the various strategies used for the development of microsatellite markers.
Authors :
Akhil K. Sankhla : PhD Scholar, School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
C.P. Malik : Professor and Advisor, School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
Price: 251
Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)
By: H.K. Meena , K. Ram Krishna , Bhuri Singh
Page No : 13-16
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during kharif season 2013 to evaluate 72 genotypes of cowpea to estimate genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance of ten quantitative characters. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant difference among genotypes for all the characters indicated that considerable amount of genetic variability was present in the experimental material which can be exploited for improvement of seed yield in cowpea. Genotypic and phenotypic variance were recorded highest for plant height (358.69, 378.69) followed by pod wall proportion (38.30, 41.27) and lowest for primary branches per plant (0.30, 0.50). High GCV and PCV were recorded for plant height (38.65, 39.70) followed by 100-seed weight (25.68, 26.21) and pod wall proportion (20.49, 21.24). Whereas, moderate estimate of GCV and PCV were recorded for seed yield per plant (15.93, 18.76) followed by pods per plant (14.86, 19.69), pod length (14.93, 16.28), primary branches per plant (12.77, 16.77) and seeds per pod (12.98, 14.76). High estimates of heritability along with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for 100-seed weight (95.95, 51.81) and plant height (94.78, 77.52) which indicated major role of additive gene action in the expression of these characters while high heritability along with moderate genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for pod wall proportion, seed yield per plant and pod length which indicated these characters was mainly governed by non additive gene action.
Authors :
H.K. Meena, K. Ram Krishna and Bhuri Singh : Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, S. K. N. College of Agriculture (Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University) Jobner-303329, Jaipur, Rajasthan.
Price: 251
Effect of Bio-fertilizers and Inorganic Sources of N-P on Quality and Yield of Kasuri Methi (Trigonella corniculata)
By: P. Mahala , S. Singh , M.R. Choudhary , T.V. Yadav , O.P. Garhwal , P. Ujjainiya
Page No : 17-20
Abstract
The field experiment was conducted during rabi season to study response of bio-fertilizers and different fertility levels of NP on Kasuri methi (Trigonella corniculata). The experiment consisted of four treatments of fertility levels (control, 50 per cent RDF, 75 per cent RDF and 100 per cent RDF) and four treatments of bio-fertilizers (Control, Rhizobium, PSB and Rhizobium + PSB), thereby making sixteen treatment combinations laid out in Randomized Block Design and replicated three times. The treatment combination of 75 per cent RDF and Rhizobium + PSB was found statistically at par over 100 per cent RDF and Rhizobium + PSB with number of pods per plant (1126), seed yield (4.95 q/ha), nitrogen (2.097 per cent), phosphorus (0.291 per cent) and protein content (13.110 per cent) in the seed. Thus, combined application of 75 per cent RDF and Rhizobium + PSB is a recommended treatment for better quality and yield of kasuri methi leaves.
Authors :
S. Singh, M.R. Choudhary, P. Mahala, T.V. Yadav, O.P. Garhwal and P. Ujjainiya : Department of Horticulture, S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner, Jaipur-303329, Rajasthan.
Price: 251
Efficacy of Organic Cakes Against Wilt of Fenugreek Incited by Fusarium oxysporum
By: Sanju Choudhary , K. S. Shekhawat
Page No : 21-23
Abstract
Fenugreek is an important multipurpose winter season seed spice crop. It suffer from many serious diseases. Wilt of fenugreek incited by Fusarium oxysporum schlecht is one of the important disease and a big constraint in successful cultivation. An investigation was made to minimize this disease by use of organic oil cakes. Neem oil cake found significantly superior in both in vitro and in vivo conditions with maximum inhibition of mycelial growth in in vitro and maximum disease control in pot condition followed by mustard oil cake in both conditions.
Authors :
Sanju Choudhary and K. S. Shekhawat : Department of Plant Pathology SKN College of Agriculture, Jobner-303329 (Jaipur), Rajasthan.
Price: 251
Population Dynamics of Aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulz.) and Its Natural Enemies on Cumin, Cuminum cyminum Linn. in Relation to Abiotic Factors
By: R.P. Samota , K.C. Kumawat , R.G. Samota
Page No : 25-28
Abstract
The population of aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulz.) on cumin, Cuminum cyminum Linn. appeared on 8th January 2012, i.e., 2nd meteorological week (15.87 aphids/ three umbels) and reached its peak on 5th February 2012 (6th meteorological week, SMW), when maximum temperature, minimum temperature and relative humidity was 21.7°C, 4.1°C and 60 per cent, respectively. The population declined gradually, thereafter. Among natural enemies, the population of ladybird beetles, Coccinella septempunctata was found high in number. The correlation coefficient worked out revealed significant negative correlation (r= -0.89) between the aphid population and maximum temperature at 1 per cent level of significance. The minimum temperature and relative humidity showed non-significant correlation with the aphid population at 5 per cent level of significance. With regards to the ladybird beetles, Coccinella septumpunctata, the effect at the maximum temperature revealed significant negative correlation (r = - 0.64). There was a significant positive correlation (r= 0.85) between mean population of aphid and C. septempunctata. It was evident that the population of C. septempunctata increased with the food availability (aphids).
Authors :
R.P. Samota, K.C. Kumawat and R.G. Samota : Department of Agricultural Entomology, S.K.N. College of Agriculture (SKNAU), Jobner-303 329, Rajasthan.
Price: 251
Genetic Variability for Different Biometrical Traits among Parental Lines of Pearl millet and Their Hybrids
By: Bhuri Singh , K.C. Sharma , E.V.D. Sastry
Page No : 29-32
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during kharif season 2012 to evaluate 55 (10 parents and 45 hybrids) of pearl millet to estimate genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance of twelve quantitative characters. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant difference among genotypes for all the characters indicated that considerable amount of genetic variability was present in the experimental material which can be exploited for improvement of grain yield in pearl millet. Genotypic and phenotypic variances were recorded highest for biological yield per plant followed by dry fodder yield per plant and lowest for productive tillers per plant. High GCV and PCV were recorded for dry fodder yield per plant followed by biological yield per plant. Whereas, low for days to maturity. High estimates of heritability along with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for dry fodder yield per plant, productive tillers per plant and harvest index which indicated major role of additive gene action in the expression of these characters while high heritability along with moderate genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for grain yield per plant, plant height, panicle length and panicle girth which indicated these characters was mainly governed by non additive gene action.
Authors :
Bhuri Singh, K.C. Sharma and E.V.D. Sastry : Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, S. K. N. College of Agriculture, (Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University), Jobner-303329, Rajasthan.
Price: 251
A Comparison of Different Parameters at Initial Stages of Seed Germination and Seedling Growth in Different Rajasthan Varieties of Cumin Cuminum L.
By: C P Malik , Madhuri Parashar
Page No : 33-38
Abstract
Cumin (Cuminum Cyminum L. fam: Apiaceae), is an important seed spice and its seeds contain numerous phyto-chemicals that are known to have antioxidant, carminative and anti-flatulent properties. In the present investigation, different germination parameters such as percentage germination (GP), speed of germination (SOG), coefficient of germination (COG), germination rate (GR), mean germination time (MGT) and germination index (GI) were studied. Moreover, some seedling growth parameters such as shoot and root length (SL and RL), vigor index (VI), seed stamina index (SSI) and seedling growth (SG) were also recorded in 12 varieties of cumin cyminum. Results show that varieties exhibited different levels of germination percentage ranging from 30 – 96.66%. It is observed that SOG was maximum in varieties 12 (LOCAL) and was lowest in variety 9 (RZ-223). COG was maximum in variety 12 (LOCAL) whereas in variety 10 (RZ-341) it was minimum. Interestingly, highest MGT was recorded in variety 9 (RZ-223) and lowest was observed in variety 12 (LOCAL). Significant differences were observed between shoot and root length in different varieties. Maximum shoot length was observed in variety 6, while the minimum was measured in variety 4 (UC-274) and 9 (RZ-223). Variety 5 (UC-299) showed maximum root length whereas variety 9 (RZ-223) showed minimum. The vigor index was found to be maximum in variety 5 (UC-299) and minimum in variety 9 (RZ-223).
Authors :
Madhuri Parashar : PhD Scholar, School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
C.P. Malik : Professor and Advisor, School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
Price: 251
Novel Drug Delivery System from Essential Oil of Trachyspermum ammi
By: C P Malik , Priya Tomar
Page No : 39-46
Abstract
T. ammi is an aromatic plant which belongs to family Apiaceae. Its essential oil contains useful chemical constituents which are used in pharmaceuticals. Herbal formulation doesn’t degrade its natural properties and have fewer side effects on any living organisms. Beside these industrial purposes, T. ammi has a number of pharmacological properties and biological actions which can be considered for clinical approaches. These herbal formulations can be obtained in body with appropriate amount by novel drug delivery system as the nano sized novel drug delivery systems of herbal drugs have a potential future for enhancing the activity and overcoming problems associated with plant medicines.
Authors :
Priya Tomar : PhD Scholar, School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India
C.P. Malik : Professor and Advisor, School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India
Price: 251
Management of Alternaria Blight of Linseed (Linum usitatissimum) Caused by Alternaria lini
By: S. K. Holi , Suresh Meena
Page No : 47-50
Abstract
Alternaria blight caused by Alternaria lini is a serious disease of linseed causing losses to the extent of 23-60 per cent. The disease appears from seedling stage to seed setting stage and losses are found to be proportional to the disease intensity when it appear on bud forming stage. In the present study efficacy of fungicide viz. Rovral, Copper oxychloride, Dithane M-45, Propiconazole, Difenconazole, Carbendazim and Topsin were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro evaluation Propiconazole (0.1%) completely inhibited the growth of Alternaria lini and was found significantly superior over the rest of fungicides. Field experiment was conducted in Randomised Block Design with eight treatments in three replication during the year 2010-11. The fungicide Dithane M-45 (0.2%) was found most effective showing disease control up to 44.06% and 12.54% disease incidence followed by Rovral (0.2%) which showed disease control 42.50% and 12.89% disease incidence respectively. The highest yield was obtained by the treatment Dithane M-45 (0.2%) 722 kg/ha followed by Rovral (0.2%) 674 kg/ha.
Authors :
S. K. Holi : Plant Pathology Section, College of Agriculture, Nagpur-440 001 (Dr. PDKV, Akola)
Suresh Meena : Department of Plant Pathology SKN College of Agriculture (S.K.N. University of Agriculture) Jobner-303329, Rajasthan
Price: 251
Heavy Metal Toxicity and Tolerance in Plants with Special Reference to Cadmium: A Review
By: Dheera Sanadhya , Rajani Chauhan , Alfiya Bohra
Page No : 51-74
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) toxicity is one of the major abiotic stresses leading to hazardous effects in plants; many of them are toxic even at very low concentration. Pollution of the biosphere with heavy metal has accelerated dramatically since the industrial revolution. A common consequence of HM toxicity is the excessive accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which can cause peroxidation of lipids, oxidation of protein, inactivation of enzymes, DNA damage and/or interact with other vital constituents of the plant cells. Plants respond to avoid detrimental effects of HM in a variety of different ways such as restriction of uptake and transport of metals, plasma membrane exclusion, chelation and sequestration of heavy metals by ligands such as phytochelatins and metallothioneins, induction of heat shock proteins, biosynthesis of polyamines, and production of antioxidants (Enzymatic and non enzymatic). This review focuses on sources of HM and its toxicity with special reference to Cadmium, tolerance mechanism in plants and molecular approaches to overcome its deleterious effects on plants.
Authors :
Alfiya Bohra : Ph.D Scholar, School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur
Dheera Sanadhya and Rajani Chauhan : Associate Professor School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur-302025, Rajasthan, India.
Price: 251
Efficiency of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) Markers for Molecular Characterization of Eruca sativa Varieties
By: C P Malik , Jyoti Ushahra
Page No : 75-82
Abstract
Genetic diversity evaluations among six Eruca sativa (Miller) Thell. varieties were determined using RAPD and ISSR markers.Total genomic DNA was extracted by CTAB method given by Doyle and Doyle and 65 RAPD and 51 ISSR primers were used. Out of 65 tested primers, 27 primers were amplified, of which 13 were polymorphic and 14 were monomorphic. The number of amplicons per primer ranged from 5 to 11. The size of the bands ranged from 250 bp to 1900 bp. The polymorphic primers amplified 93 bands of which 24 were polymorphic. The polymorphism was maximum (44.4 %) with OPA 6 primer and was low (12.5 %) with OPA 15. Similarly, of the 51 tested primers, 36 primers gave amplification products. Out of 36 primers, 15 primers gave polymorphic bands while 20 primers were monomorphic. The number of amplicons per primer ranged from 5 to 14. The size of the bands ranged from 200 bp to 1800 bp. The polymorphic primers amplified 148 bands of which 21 were polymorphic. The polymorphism was maximum (33.3 %) with primers UBC 835, UBC 858 and was low (7.1 %) with UBC 864. The purpose of present study was to characterize Eruca sativa varieties at molecular level and valuable information could be successfully utilized to determine genetic diversity and genetic relationship of various varieties.
Authors :
Jyoti Ushahra and C.P. Malik : School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur-302 017, Rajasthan.
Price: 251
Microsatellite Markers: An Important DNA Fingerprinting Tool for Characterization of Crop Plants
By: Devendra Jain , Radheshyam Sharma , S.R. Maloo , Sharda Choudhary
Page No : 83-90
Abstract
Recent improvements in molecular analysis and genotyping methods lead to rapid expansion of the power of molecular markers. Genetic variation detection helps to researchers to understand the molecular basis of various biological phenomena in plants. In recent years, a new category of sophisticated molecular marker techniques has emerged, primarily derived from combination of PCR with non-arbitrary sequences of the genome. Microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) or short tandem repeats (STRs) or simple sequence length polymorphism (SSLP) are tandem repeats of 2-6 nucleotides long DNA motifs. They appear to be ubiquitous in plant genomes, including organelles genome and involving repetitive as well as unique sequences. They are abundant, present in the whole genome and detect high levels of polymorphism, co-dominant and genome specific, although the frequency of microsatellites varies between species than any other molecular markers. Thus for characterization of biological traits, microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) has been playing an increasing role in plant genetics and breeding owing to many desirable genetic attributes including hyper variability, multiallelic nature, co-dominant inheritance, reproducibility, relative abundance, extensive genomic coverage. Microsatellite markers are used for examination of genetic relationships between individuals, mapping of desirable genes, construction of saturated linkage maps, marker assisted selection, backcrosses, population genetics and phylogenetic studies. In this review we have tried to discuss recent progress in plants using microsatellite markers.
Authors :
Radheshyam Sharma and Sharda Choudhary : National Research Center on Seed Spices, Tabiji, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India.
S.R. Maloo and Devendra Jain : Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, MPUA, Udaipur 313001, India.
Price: 251
Effect of Salicylic Acid and Proline on Seed Germination and Antioxidant Enzymes in Aged Seeds of Radish (Raphanus sativus L.)
By: Namarta Gupta , Shruti
Page No : 91-96
Abstract
Fresh and aged seeds of radish were treated with proline (5 mM and 10 mM), salicylic acid (50 mg/l and 100 mg/l) and water for 12 hr and 24 hr. In general, aged seeds showed less germination and activity of antioxidant enzymes as compared to fresh seeds. However, the seeds treatments increased the germination percentage and activity of antioxidant enzymes in both fresh and aged seeds as compared to control. The effect was more when treated with Proline followed by salicylic acid and water.
Authors :
Shruti and Namarta Gupta : Department of Botany, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana -141004, India
Price: 251
Influence of Methods of Sowing on Productivity of Spring Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids
By: Mahesh Kumar , Jasbir Singh Chawla
Page No : 97-99
Abstract
Promising cultivars and improved planting methods are of prime importance to realize the maximum potential of maize (Zea mays L.). The studies on the effect of different planting methods on crop growth and yield of different maize cultivars was conducted during spring season. The three methods of sowing (Ridge, Trench and Flat sowing) as main plots and four genotypes (PMH 1, PMH 2, Parkash and JH 3956) in sub plots were evaluated with split plot design. The plant height was significantly more with ridge sowing than trench and flat sowing. Days taken to 50 per cent silking under ridge sowing were significantly less than trench and flat sown crop. The grain yield was significantly more in ridge and trench sowing as compared to flat sowing. The ridge and trench method gave 10.2 and 8.0 per cent higher grain yield as compared to flat sowing. Higher yield in ridge and trench planted crop may be attributed to better access of roots to nutrient and water resulting in good plant growth. The plant and ear height; and days to 50 per cent silking was significantly higher in PMH 1 as compared to other hybrids. Similarly, PMH 1 (6810 kg/ha) being at par with JH 3956 (6712 kg/ha) recorded significantly higher mean grain yield than Parkash (5686 kg/ha) and PMH 2 (6478 kg/ha).
Authors :
Mahesh Kumar and Jasbir Singh Chawla : Maize Section, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, PAU Ludhiana, Punjab 141004
Price: 251
Phenotypic Expression in Inter Subspecies Crosses of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) and Yard Long Bean (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. spp. sesquipedalis)
By: R. Usha Kumari , G. Selvakumar
Page No : 101-108
Abstract
The study was carried out to analyse the phenotypic expression among crosses derived from 11 selected cowpea genotypes. The crosses were made in L x T fashion. By using six lines and five testers, thirty hybrids were synthesized. Genotypes GC 3, Co 6, ACM 05-07, RC 101, Co(CP)7, and ACM 05-02 belonging to Vigna unguiculata were used as lines. Vellayani Local, Ettumanoor Local, Vyjayanthi, Vellayani jyothica belonging to Vigna unguiculata spp. sesquipedalis and VBN 2 belonging to Vigna unguiculata were used as testers. Most of F1 plants resmle with the female parents in plant type. Colour of the seeds in F1 differed from the parents due to the different gene action. The gene action will be confirmed in further generation.
Authors :
G. Selvakumar : PhD scholar, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
R. Usha Kumari : Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Madurai 625 104, Tamil Nadu, India
Price: 251
Variability Analysis in Inter Subspecies Crosses of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. and Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. spp. sesquipedalis)
By: R. Usha Kumari , G. Selvakumar
Page No : 109-113
Abstract
The study was carried out to determine combining ability analysis among crosses derived from 11 selected cowpea genotypes. The crosses were made in L x T fashion. By using six lines and five testers, thirty hybrids were synthesized. A total of eleven genotypes were selected for crossing. Genotypes GC 3, Co 6, ACM 05-07, RC 101, Co(CP)7, and ACM 05-02 belonging to Vigna unguiculata were used as lines. Vellayani Local, Ettumanoor Local, Vyjayanthi, Vellayani jyothica belonging to Vigna unguiculata spp. sesquipedalis and VBN 2 belonging to Vigna unguiculata were used as testers. Except days to maturity and days to 50 per cent flowering all other traits are recorded high range value in both heritability and GA indicating that these traits were controlled by additive gene action. Additive gene action is fixable in segregating generation to get desirable high yielding genotype in cowpea.
Authors :
G. Selvakumar : PhD scholar, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
R. Usha Kumari : Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Madurai 625 104, Tamil Nadu, India.
Price: 251
Jul-2015 to Dec-2015
In vitro Studies of Strawberry - An Important Fruit Crop: A Review
By: Suvalaxmi Palei , Arun Kumar Das , Gyana Ranjan Rout
Page No : 115-131
Abstract
Strawberry is the genus Fragaria under family Rosaceae is one of the most important fruit plants for both fresh consumption and food processing in the temperate and subtropical countries. According to Nutrient Database for Standard Reference (USDA 1999) the strawberry fruits are resources of the nutritious elements essential for human being. Propagation of strawberry is achieved either through runners or by in vitro micropropagation. In vitro p ropagation via. meristems or leaf explants of strawberry has been discussed with Genetic transformation is a key process to sustain this demand by permitting the potential enhancement of existing cultivars as well as the development of new cultivars resistant to pest, diseases, and storage problems that occur in the major production areas. This review summarizes the application of in vitro propagation techniques for production of mass scale propagation, genetic stability of the micropropagated plants and advances of genetic engineering applied to the improvement of strawberry with special reference to miraculin production and antifreeze protein genes.
Authors :
Suvalaxmi Palei and Arun Kumar Das : Department of Fruit Science, Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Orissa University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar- 751003, Odisha, India
Gyana Ranjan Rout : Department of Agriculture, Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Orissa University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar- 751003, Odisha, India
Price: 251
Field Evaluation of Fungicides and Bio-agents Against Powdery Mildew of Pea ( Pisum sativum L.) Caused by Erysiphe polygoni
By: Shafaat Ahmad , Manoj Kumar Meena
Page No : 133-136
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to study the efficacy of fungicides and bioagents against powdery mildew (Erysiphe polygoni DC.) in the experimental field of Department of Plant Protection, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad in Rabi Season of 2013- 2014. Seven treatment including control with three replications were taken up using RBD. Treatments of foliar spray of Tilt 25% EC (propiconazole ) 50% WP (carbendazim), 0.05%, Bavistin @ 0.1%, Trichoderma viride 10g / lit, Trichoderma harzianum 10g/lit. Pseudomonas fluorescence 10g/lit and control were applied at the onset of disease symptoms at 125 DAS. Per cent disease intensity was recorded at 10 and 20 days after spray. Minimum disease intensity was recorded in at 10 days and 20 days after the spray carbendazim (11.93% and 15.25% ) followed by propiconazole (15.08% and 16.83), Trichoderma harzianum (15.95% and 21.01%), respectively.
Authors :
Manoj Kumar Meena : Department of Plant Pathology, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences Deemed-to-be University Allahabad U.P
Shafaat Ahmad : Department of Plant Pathology S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner (Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University ) Jobner 303329 Rajasthan
Price: 251
Growth Analysis and Seed Yield Responses of Pulse (Vigna spp.) to Moisture Regimes
By: Pushp Sharma
Page No : 137-143
Abstract
Growth parameters like leaf area (LA) and total dry mass (TDM) production, crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR) and average growth rate (AGR) were compared in six varieties (3 mungbean and 2 mashbean) under (30° 541 N 75°481 E 247m) to identify limiting growth characters for efficient application of physiology breeding for higher yield. Results indicated that relatively smaller proportion of TDM was produced before flower initiation and major bulk after anthesis. The maximum CGR was recorded during pod filling stage (40-50DAS) due to higher LA. Plant characters such as LA and CGR contributed to the higher TDM production. High yielding varieties possessed larger LA, higher TDM production ability, superior CGR at all the growth phases and high RGR at vegetative stage which would result in higher productivity.
Author :
Pushp Sharma : Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004.
Price: 251
Pollen Allergenic Plants and Their Phytosociological Analysis of Peddagattu Area, a Proposed Site for Uranium Project, Nalgonda District, Telangana State, India
By: A. Baleeshwar Reddy , A. Vijaya Bhasker Reddy
Page No : 145-148
Abstract
The present study reflects the findings of pollen allergenic plants and their phytosociological analysis of Peddagattu area, a proposed site for uranium project, Nalgonda district, Telangana state. A total of 464 species belonging to 324 genera and 86 families were recorded. Out of 464 species, 31 species belonging to 30 genera and 17 families are found to be pollen allergenic. The family Poaceae dominated with 7 species, followed by Leguminosae (4 species), Amaranthaceae, Arecaceae (3 species each) and Asteraceae (2 species). Prospis juliflora showed highest IVI followed by Parthenium hysterophorus, Dodonaea viscosa, Typha domingensis and Celosia argentea. This present study reveals that the mainly Poaceae, Leguminosae and Amaranthaceae family members are prone to be pollen allergenic in the study area.
Authors :
A. Baleeshwar Reddyand A. Vijaya Bhasker Reddy : Department of Botany, University College of Sciences, Osmania University, Hyderabad-04, Telangana State.
Price: 251
Efficacy of Fungicides and Bio-agents in the Management of Powdery Mildew of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum- graecum L.)
By: N. L. Choudhary , Sunil Zacharia , M. K. Meena , S. R. Bana
Page No : 149-151
Abstract
An experiment was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of fungicides (Propiconazole, Mancozeb, Carbendazim), bio-agent (Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride) and Neem leaf extract against powdery mildew of fenugreek in the Experimental Field of Department of Plant Pathology, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences Allahabad Allahabad during the rabi season 2013- 2014. The experiment was laid out in RBD with six treatments and three replications. In a field assay, propiconazole, as foliar spray to be most effective with minimum per cent disease intensity of leaves and pods. followed by Mancozeb, carbendazim Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma viride and Neem leaf extract. In a field assay, propiconazole, as foliar spray was most effective with Maximum length of pods (cm) and weight of pods (g) followed by Mancozeb, carbendazim Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma viride and Neem leaf extract. Maximum yield q/ha was recorded with propiconazole (13.06), as foliar spray was most effective followed by Mancozeb (12.03), carbendazim (11.45), Trichoderma harzianum (10.60), Trichoderma viride (9.81) and Neem leaf extract (9.01).
Authors :
N. L. Choudhary, Sunil Zacharia, M. K. Meena and S. R. Bana : Department of Plant Pathology, Allahabad School of Agriculture, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture Technology & Sciences, (Formerly Allahabad Agricultural Institute) Allahabad 211007, U.P
Price: 251
A Review on Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) Marker
By: C P Malik , Madhuri Parashar , Akhil Kumar Sankhla
Page No : 153-160
Abstract
SCoT marker has emerged as a superior system when compared to RAPD. Although SCoT is a random marker system like RAPD but it is able to give high reproducibility. Also, the annealing temperature of SCoT is higher than that of RAPD. This can be attributed to longer 18-mer primers of SCoT compared to 10-mer primers of RAPD. In some cultivars SCoT has emerged superior to ISSR when used for accessing genetic relationships. The information generated by Start Codon Targeted Polymorphism in valuable. Since it is a gene targeted marker system it produces highly specific and reliable data.
Authors :
Akhil Kumar Sankhla, C.P. Malik and Madhuri Parashar : School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan,India
Price: 251
Correlation and Path Coefficients Analysis for Yield and Yield Components in Taramira (Eruca sativa Mill.)
By: M. L. Jakhar , Prabhat Singh , Rajdeep Mundiyara , Kana Ram Jat , R. K. Kuldeep
Page No : 161-165
Abstract
One hundred accessions along with 5 check varieties of taramira (Eruca sativa Mill.) evaluated for grain yield during 2013-2014. The association analysis revealed that the seed yield per plant was positively and significantly correlated with number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, siliquae per plant, siliqua length, seeds per siliqua and test weight. Whereas, association with was days to maturity and oil content was non-significant, indicating yield to be not improved by these characters. Path coefficient analysis revealed that traits such as number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, siliquae per plant, siliqua length, seeds per siliqua, test weight, oil content and days to maturity were effective for the selection of high yielding lines as they exhibited positive direct effect with seed yield. While days to 50 per cent flowering and plant height showed negative and direct effects on seed yield per plant.
Authors :
Prabhat Singh, M.L. Jakhar, Rajdeep Mundiyara, Kana Ram Jat and R. K. Kuldeep : Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, SKN College of Agriculture, Jobner (SKN Agriculture University, Jobner), Jaipur-303329, Rajasthan.
Price: 251
Genetic Variability for Grain Yield and Its Various Components in Taramira (Eruca sativa Mill.)
By: M. L. Jakhar , Prabhat Singh , Rajdeep Mundiyara , Kana Ram Jat , Mahendra Singh Manohar
Page No : 167-171
Abstract
One hundred accessions along with 5 check varieties of taramira (Eruca sativa Mill.) evaluated for grain yield during 2013-2014. Analysis of variance showed that accessions had significant differences for all the traits except plant height and number of primary branches per plant. The checks varieties also exhibited significant differences for all the traits except plant height and number of primary branches per plant; this indicated that check varieties had high variability among them. Wide range was observed for the character siliquae per plant, plant height, days to maturity, days to 50 percent flowering, seeds per siliqua, and seed yield per plant, seeds per siliqua and oil content. The phenotypic variance was higher than the genotypic variance for each of the character studied indicating positive effect of environment on the expression of a character. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for seed yield per plant. High heritability and moderate to low genetic advance were observed for oil content, days to 50 per cent flowering, number of secondary branches per plant and seeds per siliqua. Coefficient of variance indicated that the variability was highest for seed yield per plant followed by number of secondary branches per plant and number of primary branches per plant. The lowest variability was observed for days to maturity, oil content, seeds per siliqua, days to 50 per cent flowering, siliquae per plant, plant height and test weight.
Authors :
Prabhat Singh, M.L. Jakhar, Rajdeep Mundiyara, Kana Ram Jat and Mahendra Singh Manohar : Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, SKN College of Agriculture, Jobner (SKN Agriculture University, Jobner), Jaipur-303329, Rajasthan.
Price: 251
Interrelationship and Path Analysis for Yield Improvement in Elite Rice Genotypes
By: Ravi Kumar , G . Suresh Babu , Satish Kumar Rai , L. Bandana Devi
Page No : 173-177
AbstractA study of genetic variation and inter-relationship among grain yield and its component traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.) was carried out using 40 elite rice genotypes. Maximum GCV and PCV were exhibited by biological yield, grain yield per plant and spikelets per panicle. All traits exhibited high heritability in broad sense and comprising low to high genetic advance as percent of mean coupled with high heritability. Flag leaf length, flag leaf width, tillers per hill, panicles per hill, spikelets per panicle, biological yield, harvest index, test weight and grain yield per plant exhibited high genetic advance as percent of mean. Grain yield revealed significant positive genotypic association with days to 50% flowering, flag leaf width, spikelets per panicles, days to maturity, biological yield and harvest index and while negative relationship with flag leaf width both at phenotypic and genotypic levels. Path coefficient analysis revealed that tillers per plant has highest positive direct effect followed by days to 50% flowering, biological yield per hill, harvest index, panicle length, flag leaf width, plant height and flag leaf length which indicated that these traits were more contributors to grain yield in rice.
Authors :
Ravi Kumar, G . Suresh Babu, Satish Kumar Rai and L. Bandana Devi : Experimentation Centre of Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad-211007, U.P. India
Price: 251
Effect of CO2 Enrichment on Growth and Development of Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Varieties
By: Viji M. M , Minu M. , Manju R.V. , Roy Stephen , Reshma R.B
Page No : 179-182
Abstract
The impact of elevated CO2 on growth and development of 3 black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) varieties viz. Panniyur 1, Panniyur 5 and Karimunda were studied. Rooted cuttings and bush pepper types of these varieties were used in the study. The experiment was conducted using Open Top Chambers (OTC) system. The plants were subjected to a CO2 concentration of 500 ppm in OTC for a period of 60 days. All the varieties responded significantly under elevated CO2 in terms of plant height, leaf characters, root development and dry matter accumulation.
Authors :
Minu M, Manju R.V., Roy Stephen, Reshma R.B., Viji M.M. : Department of Plant Physiology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram - 695 522, Kerala
Price: 251
Polyamines: Metabolism and Role in Abiotic Stress Amelioration
By: Dheera Sanadhya , H.S. Bhatia , Alfiya Bohra
Page No : 183-195
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs), Putrescine (Put), Spermidine (Spd) and Spermine (Spm) are small aliphatic amines that are widespread in living organisms. PA metabolism in higher plants is involved in both abiotic and biotic stresses. These are involved in many physiological processes, such as cell growth and development and also respond to diverse abiotic stress. This review, focus on the correlation between endogenous PA titers and physiological perturbations along with the protective role of various analogues of PAs against abiotic stresses. Polyamines level shifts in different ways depending on several factors, such as plant species, tolerance or sensitivity to stress, and duration of stress. Exogenously supplied PAs protects plants from abiotic stress, whereas transgenic plants overexpressing PA biosynthetic genes exhibited stress tolerance. On the other hand, loss-of-function mutant of PA biosynthetic genes, or decrease of PA titers, reported to decrease stress tolerance.
Authors :
Alfiya Bohra : Ph.D Scholar, School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur
Dheera Sanadhya : Associate Professor School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
D.S. Bhatia : Director, School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Price: 251
Evaluation of Selectively Fertilized Hybrids of Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) for Water Use Efficiency Under Moderate Water Stress
By: Manju R.V. , Roy Stephen , Aisha Renju N.A
Page No : 197-200
Abstract
Screening for drought tolerance has become a significant part of crop improvement programme in rainfed areas to cope up with water scarcity in context of climate change. Selective fertilization is a new technique to develop hybrids upon imposing selection pressure artificially during the events of pollen germination and fertilization. In the present study, we evaluated two coconut hybrids viz. Kerasree S.F and Keraganga S.F developed through selective fertilization for water use efficiency under 100% and 50% field capacity and were compared with their normal hybrids for various drought tolerance mechanisms. Results have shown that selectively fertilized hybrids varied significantly from their normal hybrids for relative water content, proline content and activity of enzymatic antioxidant catalase. Kerasree S.F be the most water use efficient genotype on account of maximum dry matter accumulation and lowest volume of cumulative water transpired.
Authors :
Aisha Renju N.A., Roy Stephen and Manju R.V. : Department of Plant Physiology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
Price: 251
Morphological, Physiological and Biochemical Responses in Plants Subjected to Drought and Salinity
By: Dheera Sanadhya , Rajani Chauhan , Alfiya Bohra
Page No : 201-216
Abstract
Plant growth and productivity is often subjected to periods of salinity and atmospheric water scarcity during their life cycle. Current review is focused on plant responses to drought, salinity and co-occurring stresses and their mechanism to overcome the stress. Understanding the biochemical and physiological responses to drought and salinity is essential for an entire perception of plant tolerance mechanism to stress conditions. This review also describes some aspects of molecular approaches to overcome its deleterious effects on plants.
Authors :
Rajani Chauhan, Alfiya Bohra and Dheera Sanadhya : Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Jaipur-302025, Rajasthan, India.
Price: 251
Exogenous Application of Salicylic Acid and Proline Increase Antioxidant Enzyme Activities at Low Temperature in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
By: Namarta Gupta , Harpreet Kaur
Page No : 217-223
Abstract
Seeds of cucumber were treated with salicylic acid (50 ppm and 100 ppm) and proline (5 mM and 10 mM) for 6 and 12 hr at two different temperatures 25°C and 20°C. In general, at 20°C seeds of cucumber recorded less germination percentage and activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) as compared to at 25°C. When the seeds were treated with different concentrations of proline and salicylic acid increase in germination percentage and the enzymes activities was recorded as compared to control at both the temperatures. Among the treatments proline 10 mM recorded more germination percentage as compared to proline 5 mM over control and salicylic acid 100 ppm was more affective than salicylic acid 50 ppm.
Authors :
Harpreet Kaur and Namarta Gupta : Department of Botany, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana -141004, India
Price: 251
An Approach to Understand the Concept of Additional Peaks while Bioanalysis through LC-MS/MS
By: C P Malik , Bratati Roy , Anjana Rizal
Page No : 225-239
Abstract
Additional peaks refers to all unwanted peaks appear in the chromatogram beside the peak of interest. These peaks are extraneous which can be visualized with the aid of detector .In mass spectrometry the analysis is based on m/z ration of the analyte which interms very specific and accurate hence additional peaks always challenge the authenticity of the analysis. Therefore the cause and rectification of additional or unwanted peaks should be investigated as per regulatory requirements while bioanalysis. This research article comprises the facts and figures with the support of in-house experiments and result to understand and eradicate the extra peaks during bioanalysis of drugs.
Authors :
Bratati Roy, Anjana Rizal, and C.P. Malik : Jaipur National University, Jaipur, India
Price: 251
Assessment of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) Seed Germination Characteristics and Comparison of Different Seedling Growth Parameters at Initial Stages
By: C P Malik , Chitrangda Yadav , Priya Tomar
Page No : 241-247
Abstract
Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare P. Mill.) belongs to the Apiaceae family. It is native to the Mediterranean region, but is now cultivated worldwide. It is an aromatic perennial. Fennel is one of the oldest cultivated plants and much valued as a medicinal Plant. Bulb fennel is high in vitamin C, and is also a good source of calcium, fibre and potassium. Germination occurs within about two weeks. Traits e.g. seedling growth shoot and root length (SL and RL), dry weight, and seed germination parameters e.g. mean germination rate, final germination percentage and seedling vigor index, Speed of germination (SOG), Coefficient of germination (COG), and germination Index (GI) were studied. Seed Stamina index (SSI) and Seedling growth (SG) were also recorded in 15 varieties .Varieties exhibited different levels of germination percentage ranging from 26.7-93.4%. SOG was maximum in most varieties with similar range 2(RF-125), 3(RF-143), 5(RF-145), 6(RF-205), 8(CO-01), 9(GF-02), 11(GF-12), 12(Rajendra Saurabh), 13(Plant Madhurika) and 15(Local variety) and lowest in variety 10(GF-11). COG was maximum in variety 1(RF-101) whereas in variety 10(GF-02) it was minimum. While as, highest MGT was recorded in variety 10(GF-11) and lowest was observed in variety 14(Hisar swarup). Significant differences were observed in shoot and root length of different varieties. Maximum shoot length was observed in variety 1(RF-101), whereas the minimum was observed in variety 10(GF-11). Variety 6(RF205) showed maximum root length while variety 10(GF-11) showed minimum. The vigor index was found to be maximum in variety11 (GF-12) and minimum in variety 10(GF-11).
Authors :
Chitrangda Yadav, Priya Tomar and C. P. Malik : School of Life sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur-302017, Rajasthan, India
Price: 251
Jan-2014 to Jun-2014
Assessing Morphological, Anatomical, Physiological, Micropropagation, Phytochemistry and Genetic Diversity in Cissus quadrangularis L
By: C P Malik , Ritesh Kaur
Page No : 1-12
Abstract
The present review describes salient features of morphological, anatomical, physiological as well as phytochemicals in Cissus quadrangularis. The protocol for micropropagation of this species is described. Interestingly three morphotypes(morphotype I, morphotype II and morphotype III) have been identified on the basis of stem morphology. RAPD and ISSR moleculer markers have been used to distinguish the three morphotypes genetically. Morphovariant I and Morphovariant III constituted the same cluster whereas morphovariant II having flattened stem was different. FTIR analysis supported the occurrence of the three morphotypes.
Authors :
Ritesh Kaur and C P Malik : School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur
Price: 251
Genotypic Differences for Callus Induction and Plantlet Regeneration in Coriander (Coriandrum Sativum L.)
By: M. L. Jakhar , Santosh Choudhary , R P Didel , Ganga Ram
Page No : 13-16
Abstract
Shoot apex and hypocotyl explants of seven coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) genotypes were cultured on MS medium supplemented with varying concentrations of cytokinins and auxins. Profuse callus induction was observed in hypocotyls explants at 1.0mg /l 2,4-D and this callus remained potent for longer time. Shoot apex derived BAP (1.0 mg/l) callus was also subcultured on different concentrations of plant growth regulators. However, it did not regenerate in complete plant even after various manipulations. Shoot morphogenesis was observed in hypocotyls derived callus cultures upon subculture on 0.5 mg/l BAP. Genotype RCr-20 induced maximum de novo shoots from callus followed by RCr-446. De novo developed shoots from callus grown on the medium containing 0.5 mg/l NAA induced roots at the base and complete plants were obtained.
Authors :
Santosh Choudhary, R P Didel, M L Jakhar and Ganga Ram : Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, SKN College of Agriculture, (Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University), Jobner – 303329. India
Price: 251
Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on in Vitro Cultures of Fennel (Foeniculum Vulgare Mill.) Genotypes
By: M. L. Jakhar , Santosh Choudhary , R P Didel , Ganga Ram
Page No : 17-19
Abstract
Healthy and contamination free in vitro fennel shoot apex explants of five genotypes were used in order to study the effect of plant growth regulators on shoot multiplication, root induction and biomass accumulation on MS medium. The cultures were incubated in a culture room at temperature of 25 + 2°C with relative humidity of 55 + 5 percent were exposed to approximately 3000 lux light intensity for fourteen hours per day, significantly highest shoot multiplication ratio and biomass accumulation were observed in fennel genotype GF-1 at 1.0 mg/l BAP followed by local fennel. The explants treated with 1.0 mg/l NAA induced highest number of roots in RF-101, however, treatment of BAP was insufficient to induce roots at all. Auxins induces more number of roots when supplemented alone in the medium.
Authors :
R P Didel, Santosh Choudhary, M L Jakhar and Ganga Ram : Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, SKN College of Agriculture, (Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University), Jobner – 303329. India
Price: 251
Isolation of genomic DNA from mature leaves and spikes of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.)
By: Ashish Subba , Swapna Alex , Soni K. B , Deepa S. Nair , Reghunath B. R
Page No : 21-25
Abstract
Obtaining intact genomic DNA of sufficiently high quality that is amplifiable using PCR from black pepper is a challenging task, as it is rich in polyphenolic compounds. Methods that are currently available recommend the use of young leaves which may not be available in all seasons. In this paper, a modified protocol of the CTAB method for the extraction of genomic DNA from mature leaves and spikes of black pepper is presented. This method employs higher concentrations of CTAB, NaCl, EDTA and PVP. Good yield of DNA ranging from 400 to 500 ng/?l with A260/280 ratio of 1.7 to 2.0 was obtained. The isolated DNA was successfully amplified by RAPD primers.
Authors :
Ashish Subba, Swapna Alex, Soni K. B., Deepa S. Nair and Reghunath B. R. : Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, Pin- 695 522
Price: 251
Quality and Suitability of Sub-Surface Irrigation Water in Muktsar District of Punjab
By: J S Khera , A S Toor , S S Dhaliwal , C B Singh
Page No : 27-31
Abstract
Quality of sub-surface irrigation water in a south-western district of Punjab has been studied on the basis of nine hundred and eighty two tube well water samples from four blocks of Muktsar district. On the basis of electrical conductivity (EC), 39, 50 and 11 per cent water samples fall in the category of 4.0 dS m-1 respectively. Whereas, on the basis of residual sodium carbonate (RSC), 71, 13 and 16 per cent water samples fall in the category of 5.0 me L-1 respectively. Taking into consideration both RSC and EC, 23.6, 50.2 and 26.2 per cent water samples were found fit, marginal and unfit for irrigation to field crops, respectively.
Authors :
J S Khera, A S Toor, S S Dhaliwal and C B Singh : Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, India
Price: 251
Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management Approach on Nutritional Quality of Rice Grain
By: S S Dhaliwal , M K Walia , S S Walia , Savita Sharma
Page No : 33-38
Abstract
Rice grown under integrated nutrient management systems was evaluated for quality parameters like hulled, milled, head rice recovery, grain L:B ratio and per cent brokens. The combined use of fertilizers and organic manures performed best in improving the quality of grains. The highest quality parameters i.e. brown rice, milled rice, head rice and grain length: breadth was obtained with the application of 100 per cent of the recommended N through fertilizers along with an additional dose of 50 per cent N through FYM. However, percent broken were minimum with same treatment and maximum in control plot. The results indicated that the combined use of organic manures along with chemical fertilizers improved the quality parameters of rice.
Authors :
M K Walia and S S Walia : Deptt. of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
Savita Sharma : Deptt. of Food Science & Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
S S Dhaliwal : Deptt. of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
Price: 251
Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Analysis in Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)
By: M.L. Jakhar , Rajdeep Mundiyara , S A Kerkhi , S Mishra
Page No : 39-47
Abstract
A study was conducted at Crop Research Centre of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut (U. P.), during rabi 2010- 2011. Range, CV, heritability, genetic advance, correlation coefficient and path analysis were performed for yield and its contributing characters in 49 wheat genotypes. Analysis of variance for significant differences was among the all characters viz., days to 50 percent flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of spikelets per spike, productive tillers per plant, ear length with awn, number of grains per spike, 1000 grain weight, and biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant, harvest index and gluten content. A broad range of variation was observed for plant height and biological yield per plant, number of grain per spike and test weight. Phenotypic variance value for most characters was closer than the corresponding genotypic variance value showing little environment effect on the expression of these characters. The estimated value of broad sense heritability was found between 45 percent (productive tillers per plant,) and 95 percent (gluten content). Heritability values were determined as 92 percent, 92 percent, 89 percent, 85 percent, 84 percent, 71 percent, 68 percent, and 67 percent, for plant height, days to maturity, test weight, days to 50 percent flowering, ear length with awn, harvest index, number of grains per spike, and grain yield per plant respectively. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent over mean was observed for plant height, test weight, number of grain per spike and days to maturity suggesting selection for these traits would give good responses. The grain yield per plant exhibited highly significant and positive correlation with biological yield per plant, test weight, productive tillers per plant, and number of grains per spike, number of spikelets per spike, spike length with awn, plant height, and significant and positive correlation with harvest-index. It is suggested that these characters can be considered as selection criteria in improving the grain yield.
Authors :
Rajdeep Mundiyara, S A Kerkhi, M L Jakhar and S Mishra : Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut- 250110 (U.P.) India
Price: 251
Different IPM Modules against Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer, Leucinodus orbonalis Guen. on Brinjal
By: B L Jat , M R Bajiya , R G Samota
Page No : 49-51
Abstract
The different IPM modules against shoot and fruit borer, L. orbonalis on brinjal crop were studied during 2009-10 at SKN College of Agriculture, Jobner (Jaipur). The module-3 comprising of neem cake + clipping of affected shoots + Btk was found most effective against L. orbonalis however, next to standard check endosulfan and both were found statistically at par in their efficacy. The next most effective modules were M-2 (neem cake + clipping of affected shoots + neem gold) and M-1 (neem cake + clipping of affected shoots + NSKE). The other treatments viz., application of neem gold and NSKE were found moderately effective however, neem cake and clipping of affected shoots were found least effective against the pest.
Authors :
R G Samota and B L Jat : Department of Entomology, SKNCOA, Jobner-303329 Swami keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner (Raj)
M R Bajiya : Institute of Pesticide Formulation Technology, Gurgaon (Haryana)-122 016
Price: 251
Effect of Drought Stress Induced by Polyethylene Glycol on Germination and Seedling Establishment in a Recombinant Inbred Line Population of Rice
By: Gurpreet Kaur , Seema Bedi , Harjot Singh Gurm
Page No : 53-63
Abstract
Drought is a world-wide problem that seriously influences plant growth and development. Rice as a submerged crop is particularly susceptible to drought stress. In the present investigation, seeds of a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were raised under laboratory conditions at 35°C, 16h light and 8h dark. Germination, seedling establishment, physiological and biochemical traits associated with drought stress tolerance were studied. Twenty RILs, their parents (PR-120 and UPLRi7) and four checks (IR-64, APO, CT-6510 and BM-370) were tested for drought tolerance at two stress levels of -0.4Mpa and -0.6Mpa respectively induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000). Germination percentage, germination index, seed metabolic efficiency, seedling length and total chlorophyll contents decreased to varying degree with an increase in drought stress levels.
Authors :
Harjot Singh Gurm, Seema Bedi and Gurpreet Kaur : Department of Botany and School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana – 141 004
Price: 251
Status of Seed Mycoflora of Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.)
By: Pankaj Agarwal , S C Jain , Rekha Kumawat
Page No : 65-71
Abstract
Six seed samples were collected from different sources, showing deformed (shrivelled and gall formed), discoloured (brown) and damaged (insects and mechanical) seeds. Impurities of one kind or other were also seen in all the six samples. Six different kinds of fungal spores were detected by Seed Washing Test on the seed testa of all the seed samples tested. The spore load was maximum in sample ‘E’, while it was minimum in sample ‘F’. A total of eight seed borne fungi were obtained in Blotter and Agar Plate Methods and these were Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Drechslera australiensis, Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizopus sp. Highest count of mycoflora was observed by Agar Plate Method in sample E followed by ‘A’, ‘B’, ‘C’, ‘D’ and ‘F’ in comparison to Blotter Method.
Authors :
Pankaj Agarwal, S C Jain and Rekha Kumawat : Department of Plant Pathology, S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner-303329 (Jaipur), Rajasthan
Price: 251
Physiological Growth - Yield Relationships in Wheat Genotypes Under Sowing Date Mediated Heat Stress
By: Radhika , SK Thind , NS Bains , P Chhunneja
Page No : 73-79
Abstract
Twenty five wheat genotypes were classified into two groups i.e. early and late maturing on the basis of their ear emergence and maturity under sowing date mediated heat stress conditions. The early maturing group genotypes were found superior for early emergence and it had spent maximum period of total life span to grainfilling under late sown conditions, but was found poorer in yield than other genotypes of late maturing group. The correlation of grain yield with days to ear emergence and maturity shifted from negative in late maturing group (LMG) to positive in early maturing group (EMG) under both timely and late sown conditions. All plant growth parameters (RGR, LAI, NAR) were adversely affected by temperature stress which finally reflected in yield reduction. The impact of this adversity could be clearly seen to a large extent in late maturing genotypes, However there was clear cut variation among the genotypes for late planting conditions. The measurement of growth parameters LAI, RGR and NAR is important because they are positively correlated to biomass production. Final yield had strong positive association with the NAR and LAI. Their significance becomes crucial particularly under stress environment.
Authors :
Radhika and SK Thind : Department of Botany, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
NS Bains : Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.
P Chhunneja : School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.
Price: 251
The Role of Silicon to Increase Salt Tolerance in Red and White Varieties of Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
By: Parto Roshandel , Hadi Nosrati , Abdo-rahman Mohamadkhani
Page No : 81-90
Abstract
Silicon (Si) application is recently considered as a way to increase salt tolerance in crop plants. In the present study the effect of Si has been investigated in two varieties of Phaseolus vulgaris (red and white bean) subjected to salinity. 10-day-old seedlings of red and white beans were introduced to the treatments including: control, NaCl (50 mM), Si (0.5 or 1 mM) +NaCl (50 mM) over 4 weeks in the green house. After one month, the harvested plants were analyzed for dry weights of shoots and roots, total chlorophyll content, relative water content and electrolyte leakage of leaves, shoot and root Na+ and K+ concentrations. The results indicated salt stress significantly decreased the above parameters (p<0.05). Red bean plant was more sensitive (108% reduction in the biomass) to salt stress in comparison to white bean plant (72% decline in the biomass). The ameliorating effects of different levels of Si (0.5 or 1 mM) were significant (p<0.05) under salinity, and in some cases these effects were greater at Si 1 mM in comparison to 0.5 mM. Under salinity, the promotion effects of Si on biomass were more evident for the sensitive line- red bean (55% increment in comparison to salt stress alone) than that of in white bean. Data analysis of the current study suggests that Si increases salt tolerance in red bean by relatively blocking Na+ entrance but increasing of K+ maintenance in the shoots, increasing of relative water content and decreasing of electrolyte leakage in the leaves. More details are expressed and discussed in this paper.
Authors :
Hadi Nosrati : Post-graduate student, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Shahrekord University
Parto Roshandel : Assistant Professor, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Shahrekord University
Abdo-rahman Mohamadkhani : Assistant Professor, Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University
Price: 251
Effect of Temperature, Relative Humidity and pH on Mycelial Growth and Sporulation of Fusarium pallidoroseum Causing Fruit Rot of Kachari (Cucumis callosus)
By: Rekha Kumawat , R G Jat , R P Ghasolia
Page No : 91-93
Abstract
Kachari (Cucumis callosus), having English name cucumber pubacent is a warm season annual crop which grown as wild or cultivated at a large scale with bajra, moth, moong and guar in arid and semi arid regions of Rajasthan. It requires 250 C temperature for seed germination and 30-350 C for growth and development. During survey, kachari fruits were found infected with Fusarium rot caused by Fusarium pallidoroseum causing severe damage at maturity stage both in quantitatively and qualitatively in the field of Jobner vicinity during Kharif season 2009. The effect of different levels of temperature (15, 20, 25, 30 and 350 C), relative humidity (60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 percent) and pH (5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0 and 8.5) on growth and sporulation of the pathogen were tested in vitro conditions. Maximum mycelial growth and sporulation were found at 250 C temperature (85.30 mm), 100 per cent relative humidity (89.15 mm) and maximum dry mycelial weight at 6.5 pH (275g).
Authors :
Rekha Kumawat , R G Jat and R P Ghasolia : Department of Plant Pathology, S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner 303329 (Jaipur), India
Price: 251
Comparative Study of S1 and Open Pollinated Progenies of Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. Emends Stuntz] for green Fodder Yield and its Components
By: M. L. Jakhar , Rajdeep Mundiyara , Ganga Ram , K C Sharma
Page No : 95-102
Abstract
A comparative study of thirty six, S1 , S1 -OP-S1 and S1 -OP-OP progenies of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br. emends Stuntz] for green fodder yield over one season revealed highly significant differences among progenies for days to heading, plant height, tillers per plant, leaves per plant, 3rd leaf area, internode extrusion, leaf : stem ration, stem thickness and green fodder yield per plant. The genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were more or less similar for all the characters. High (50-70 percent) to vary high (> 70 percent) heritability was coupled with high (> 50%) genetic advance as percentage of mean was observed for green fodder yield per plant in all three types of progenies, confirming that genotypic variance has contributed substantially to the total variance. Whereas, high heritability was coupled with medium to low was observed for. Based upon character association and path analysis, it may be concluded that plant height, tillers per plant and leaves per plant were the major green fodder yield component, because it has high positive significant association and positive direct effect on green fodder yield in all the three types of progenies. Based on the results of the per se performance of three progenies considering for various traits, the genotypes IP141, IP-196-1, IP-111-1, IP-181-1 and IP-204-1 were found to be superior for earliness, plant height, tillers per plant, leaves per plant, 3rd leaf area, stem thickness, leaf : stem ratio and green fodder yield per plant. Therefore, these progenies should be utilized in further breeding programme for developing superior varieties.
Authors :
Ganga Ram, K C Sharma, M L Jakhar and R Mundiyara : Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, SKN College of Agriculture, (SKN Agriculture University) Jobner -303329
Price: 251
Efficacy of Fungicidal Seed Treatment against Seed Borne Mycoflora of Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.)
By: Pankaj Agarwal , S C Jain
Page No : 103-105
Abstract
Lucerne or alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) vernacularly called ‘Rijka’ is one of the important fodder crop of family Leguminoseae and genus Medicago grown on large scale various seed borne mycoflora reduce seed quality and quantity in terms of both chemical composition and weight. Different fungicides used as seed treatment in vitro, bavistin and mancozeb, proved to be most effective against pathogenic seed mycoflora tested (Fusarium moniliforme, F. oxysporum and Drechslera australiensis) followed by vitavax, captan and raxil in improving seed germination and seedling vigour by reducing pre- and post- emergence mortality.
Authors :
Pankaj Agarwal and S C Jain : Department of Plant Pathology, S.K.N. college of Agriculture, Jobner- 303329 S.K.N. Agriculture University, Jobner (Jaipur, Rajashan)
Price: 251
Effect of Sea Weed (Sargassum WightII) Extract, 6-BA, Chemical Nutrients and Prunning on Vegetative Growth Cycle of Mango (Mangiffera Indica L.) CV. Kesar
By: J Shankaraswamy , R S Chovatia
Page No : 107-111
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different levels of sea weed extract, growth regulators, pruning along with and without urea spray and chemical nutrients on pattern of vegetative flushing episodes and growth pattern of May-June, July-August and September-October flush in order to regulate the growth and health of plant and in turn to enhance blooming flushes yield in Kesar mango. The trial was conducted over two years from 2010 to 2012 on 16 years old Kesar mango trees. The selected shoots of mango Cv. Kesar were pruned back by 10cm with 2 percent urea spray during last week of May i.e. after harvest, The different doses of Paclobutrazol (@ 5g.a.i, 7.5g.a.i) was soil drenched and 6-BA (100 & 200ppm), sea weed extract (3 & 5 percent), KNO3 (4 & 6 percent) and CaNO3 (4 & 6 percent) foliar spray efficacy on morphological characteristics of growth cycles (flushing episodes) was evaluated. 6-BA (100 ppm) exhibited maximum summer flush (MayJune). However lower Sept-Oct flushing was achieved with PP333 (@ 7.5g.a.i) followed by 6-BA (200 ppm) and Sea weed Extract (5 & 3 percent). CaNO3 (6 percent) exhibited maximum mean length of flush, Sea weed Extract (3 percent) exhibited the minimum number of days for flush emergence and complete extension of vegetative growth with maximum number of flushes per shoot and maximum number of leaves per shoot with 6-BA (100 ppm). P333 (Cultar), 6-BA and Sea weed extract showing promising effect in reducing the September-October vegetative flush which have detrimental effect near flowering time.
Authors :
J Shankaraswamy and R S Chovatia : Department of Horticulture, Junagadh Agricultural University Junagadh -362001, Gujarat
Price: 251
Influence of Harvesting Stages and Processing Techniques on Quality of Canesugar Impregnated Indian Gooseberry Slices
By: R. Kumawat
Page No : 113-118
Abstract
A study was carried out to assess the impact of different stages of harvesting and processing on quality of aonla candy (a value added product of Indian gooseberry) from fruits cv. NA-6. Total eighteen treatment combinations were taken including three harvesting stages i.e. harvest on 25th November (H25Nov), 25th December (H25Dec) and 25th January (H25Jan); three curing treatments i.e. curing with water (CWT), lime (CL) and common salt (CS ) and two blanching treatments i.e. blanching for 3 min (B3M) and 6 min (B6M). Aonla candy was made by applying the respective treatments and stored for duration of four months and the quality parameters were analyzed. The best product was obtained from fruits harvested on 25th December harvested fruits and blanched for 3 minute duration. The aonla candy prepared under optimized conditions had good consumer acceptability and predicted quality values.
Authors :
R. Kumawat, M R Choudhary, O P Garhwal, P Mahala, T V Yadav and P Ujjainiya : Department of Horticulture, S.K.N. College of Agriculture,Jobner, Rajasthan, India
Price: 251
Jul-2014 to Dec-2014
Alterations in Withanolide Production in Withania Somnifera (l). Dunal Under Low Light Stress
By: Viji M. M , Manju R.V. , Roy Stephen , Lini Jacob , Lekshmi K. Edison
Page No : 119-121
Abstract
Effect of low light stress on growth and withanolide production were studied in the economically important medicinal plant Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal under pot culture conditions. Experiments were conducted by imposing different levels of shade stress treatment including 25 per cent, 50 per cent and 75 per cent shade along with control under optimum conditions for a period of 30 days. Plants were uprooted to analyse growth responses and withanolide content. Low light stress significantly affected all the morphological parameters, and total withanolide content. Highest withanolide accumulation was recorded under 75 percent shade condition; after exposure to stress for a period of 30 days.
Authors :
Lini Jacob, Manju R. V., Roy Stephen, Viji M. M. and Lekshmi K. Edison : Department of Plant Physiology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram- 695 522, Kerala, India.
Price: 251
Efficacy of Fungicides in vitro and in vivo of Early Blight of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) caused by Alternaria solani
By: Suresh Meena , A.G. Walke , S.R. Potdukhe, , G.L. Kakralya , A. K. Meena , C.S. Choudhary
Page No : 123-137
Abstract
Tomato is an important vegetable crop grown in India. It is affected with many fungal, bacterial and viral diseases. Early blight is one of the most important known fungal diseased caused by Alternaria solani. A experiment was evaluated in randomized Block design with nine treatment in three replication at the farm of Plant Pathology Department, College of Agriculture Nagpur during 2009-10. Eight fungicides viz. copper oxychloride (0.25%), carbendazim (0.1%), mancozeb (0.2%), zineb (0.15%), Captafol (0.2%), Thiophanate methyl (0.005%), Iprodione (0.2%) and Duter (0.2%) were tested against A. solani by using poisoned food technique in vitro. The data reveals significant differences as mean radial mycelial diameter over control. Minimum colony diameter (8.97mm) was recorded in mancozeb (0.1%) and highest (88.97%) percent inhibition growth. This treatment was significantly superior as compared to all other treatments. Significant differences were noticed on percent disease incidence after 1st, 2nd, 3 rd, 4th spray of different chemicals over control. Spraying of mancozeb (0.2%) at the interval recorded minimum PDI (22.18) and maximum percent disease control (32.29%) and it was found significantly superior over all other treatment. It was followed by carbendazim (0.1%) and copper oxychloride (0.25%) reading 28.22 and 24.85 percent disease control. The highest yield was obtained by the treatment mancozeb (0.25%) 18333 kg/ha followed by carbendazim ( 0.1%) 17916 kg/ha.
Authors :
A.G. Walke, S.R. Potdukhe and C.S. Choudhary : Plant Pathology Section, College of Agriculture, Nagpur - 440 001 ( Dr.P.D.K.V. Akola).
Suresh Meena and G.L. Kakralya : College of Agriculture, Bikaner
A. K. Meena : Department of Plant Pathology SKN. College of Agriculture (S.K.N. Agriculture University) Jobner-303 329
Price: 251
Efficacy of Biocidal Seed Treatment against Seed Borne Alternaria alternata Associated with Radish (Raphanus sativus) Seeds.
By: R.P. Ghasolia
Page No : 129-132
Abstract
Radish (Raphanus sativus Linn.) is a very popular root–crop throughout India. It is a quick growing crop. It is easily grown as a companion crop or other crop between rows of other vegetables. Seed borne Alternaria alternata reduce seed quality and quantity in terms of both chemical composition and weight. Different plant part extracts and bioagents were used as seed treatment against seed borne Alternaria alternata in vitro. Maximum percent seed germination (75.00 percent) was observed in seed treated with leaf extract of Oak followed by Datura (73.75%) and Neem (73.00%) with vigour index (581.25, 744.87 and 781.10) by reducing pre- (0.00,0.00 and 7.45) and post- emergence mortality (0.00, 0.00 and 6.25). Trichoderma viride proved to be most effective in improving percent seed germination (69.00%) and in pre-and post-emergence mortality (6.75 and 8.00). Vigour index was higher in seed treated with Pseudomonas fluorescence (603.90).
Authors :
Paru Panwar, R.P. Ghasolia and Rekha Kumawat : Department of Plant Pathology, S.K.N.College of Agriculture (S.K.N. University of Agriculture) Jobner (Jaipur) Rajasthan -303329.
Price: 251
Phenological, Morpho-Agronomic and Floral Characterization of Promising Thermo Sensitive Genic Male Sterile Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Lines Suitable for Kerala
By: Manju R.V. , Roy Stephen , Niya Celine V. J , Shabana R
Page No : 133-139
Abstract
Hybrid rice technology exploiting thermosensitive genic male sterility or TGMS is gaining much importance in declining rice production scenario. In this present study, we aim to identify the critical temperature requirements and thermosensitive period in selected TGMS lines along with their morphological and floral characterization to understand the outcrossing potential. Two TGMS lines, EC720903 and EC720904 were imported from IRRI for the present study. Results have shown that the line EC720903 performed better with short stature, early maturity, more number of productive tillers, wider glume opening, higher panicle and stigma exertion, more number of filled grains and longer panicle length. The line EC720903 was found to be a better candidate for tropical Kerala condition with critical sterility period of 15-22 days before heading and the sterility inducing average temperature of 26.9°C.
Authors :
Niya Celine V. J., Roy Stephen, Manju R. V and Shabana R : Department of Plant Physiology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
Price: 251
Pharmacognostical Studies of Actiniopteris radiata (Swartz) Link.
By: A. Vijaya Bhasker Reddy , J. Shashikanth , P. Ramchandra Reddy
Page No : 141-146
Abstract
Actiniopteris radiata (Swartz) Link. is an important medicinal plant which is used in indigenous traditional systems of medicine. It is used in bronchitis and gynaecological disorders. The present paper deals with detailed study of epidermal characters, T.S pinna and rhizome. Along with powdered analysis organoleptical characters are also undertaken. These studies will help in authentification and identification of crude drugs from adulterants. Diagnostical characters of the pinna epidermal surface is polygonal cells with diacytic stomata; concentric vascular bundles and islands of sclerencyma attached towards lower epidermis; T.S of rhizome consists with sclerenchymatous cork, dictyostele, concentric vascular bundles, branched vessels, triradiate tracheids, prismatic crystals and oil cells.
Authors :
J. Shashikanth, A.Vijayabhaskar Reddy and P. Ramchandra Reddy : Plant Anatomy Laboratory, Department of Botany, Osmania University, Hyderabad-500007
Price: 251
Performance of Mungbean Under Irrigated Conditions: Physiological Parameters Determining the Yield During Crop Growth
By: Pushp Sharma
Page No : 147-152
Abstract
Growth parameters like leaf area(LA), crop growth rate (CGR),relative growth rate(RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) were compared in four varieties of mungbean under subtropical conditions to identify growth limiting characters for efficient application of physiology breeding for higher yields. Analysis of yielding ability and growth pattern of mungbean genotypes procured from Asian vegetable research development centre (AVRDC) revealed significant differences in morphphysiological traits during crop growth. The maximum chlorophyll and leaf area was recorded at 60DAS. Peak flowering and pod development phase coincided with leaf area development. Significant differences in leaf characteristics existed for leaf weight ratio (LWR), leaf shoot ratio (LSR) and leaf area ratio (LAR) at 60 and 75 DAS whereas growth rates like net assimilation rate (NAR), crop growth rate (CGR) and relative growth rate (RGR) were high at 45-60DAS. Sources could adjust to some extent to higher requirement of its sink, indicating a strong inverse relationship between flower production and their subsequent shedding. NAR, CGR, SLA, LAR are the desirable traits to be exploited for higher productivity.
Authors :
Pushp Sharma : Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.
Price: 251
Efficacy of Biocidal (Bio-agents and Plant Leaf Extracts) Seed Treatment Against Seed Borne Mycoflora Of Lucerne (Medicago Sativa)
By: Pankaj Agarwal , S C Jain , Rekha Kumawat
Page No : 153-156
Abstract
Lucerne or alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) vernacularly called ‘Rijka’ is one of the important fodder crop of family Leguminoseae and genus Medicago grown on large scale. Various seed borne mycoflora reduce seed quality and quantity in terms of both chemical composition and weight. Different biocides (bio-agents and plant leaf extract) used as seed treatment in vitro. Trichoderma viridae, T. harzianum followed by Pseudomonas fluorescens and FL-18 (bio-agent) and neem leaf extract followed by dhatura, mahendi, safeda and tulsi (leaf extract) proved to be effective in improving seed germination and vigour index by reducing pre- and post-emergence mortality.
Authors :
Pankaj Agarwal, S.C. Jain and Rekha Kumawat : Department of Plant Pathology, S.K.N. college of Agriculture, Jobner- 303329 S.K.N. Agriculture University, Jobner (Jaipur, Rajashan)
Price: 251
Assessment of Variability among Indian Garlic Cultivars Based on Morphological Traits
By: C P Malik , Ritesh Kaur , Abhilash Nair , Anil Khar
Page No : 157-170
Abstract
Garlic propagates only asexually leading to the absence of meiotic recombination. Garlic cultivars available for cultivation in India have arisen from the accumulation of somatic mutations in early cultivars. Present study intended to evaluate the genetic diversity of 96 accessions collected from major garlic growing states and two exotic accessions by using morphological traits to identify possible duplicate cultivars, and to assess genetic divergence. We assessed 15 morphological characters associated with leaves, bulbs, and bulbils of the garlic plant. Genetic divergence was calculated using the Jaccard coefficient; the cultivars were grouped using unweighted pair-group mean analysis. The average genetic divergence detected using the morphological characters was 2.30 (range, 0.45-4.70). Plant height and coat adhesion exhibited the highest divergence among the cultivars. Most of the cultivars revealed only slight differences, suggesting that these cultivars may be clones or have a high degree of affinity.
Authors :
Abhilash Nair, Anil Khar, Ritesh Kaur and C P Malik : School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, India
Price: 251
Comparative Study of Proximate, Antinutritional and Functional Properties of Sprouted and Unsprouted Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) Flour
By: Swati Mutreja , Navdeep Jindal
Page No : 171-174
Abstract
The effect of sprouting on physiochemical, functional and antinutritional properties of buckwheat flour was studied. Sprouting decreased carbohydrate (72.29–60.93%), ash (2.46-1.65%), fat (4.43-2.43%), starch (55.52-50.44%) while protein and amylose increased from 12.46 percent to 13.61 percent and 30.22 percent to 34.92 percent, respectively. With sprouting there was significant increase in the functional properties like percentage foaming capacity, water and oil absorption capacity 15.41-20.61, 103.45–121.58 and 91.62–108.24 respectively, Sprouting improved the least gelation concentration of flour. Conversely, bulk density decreased with sprouting time (0.81–0.64 g/ml). Antinutritional factors such as phytic acid decreased from 757.94 to 578.62 mg/100g and trypsin inhibitor decreased from 0.062 to 0.051 TIU/g after sprouting.
Authors :
Swati Mutreja and Navdeep Jindal : Department of Food Engineering and Technology, SLIET, Sangrur, Punjab India,148106
Price: 251
Effect of Organic Products against Sucking Pests of Chilli. (Capsicum annuum L.)
By: N.N. Dahatonde , P.P. Patil , S.K.Bhalkare
Page No : 175-182
Abstract
An experiment was conducted on the field of Department of Entomology, Dr. PDKV, Akola during the Kharif season of 2012-13. The experiment was laid in randomised block design with ten treatments replicated thrice. The results revealed that minimum population of sucking pests i.e. 2.31 thrips, 1.58 mites and 0.29 aphids per leaf was recorded in the treatment T9 (Vermicompost 1.25 t/ha + Neem cake 0.25 t/ha + NSE 5%) followed by treatment T7 (Vermicompost 1.25 t/ha + Neem cake 0.25 t/ha + Vermiwash (1:1)) and T3 (Vermicompost 2.5 t/ha + NSE 5%). The lowest leaf curl index was recorded in T9 (Vermicompost 1.25 t/ha + Neem cake 0.25 t/ha + NSE 5%). As regards plant height, treatment T9 (Vermicompost 1.25 t/ha + Neem cake 0.25 t/ha + NSE 5%) recorded maximum plant height of 38.60 cm. This treatment also registered significantly higher yields (6.37 q/ha) followed by treatment T7 (Vermicompost 1.25 t/ha + Neem cake 0.25 t/ha + Vermiwash (1:1)) 5.96 q/ha.
Authors :
N.N. Dahatonde, P.P. Patil and S.K.Bhalkare : Department of Entomology, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola
Price: 251
Effect of Different Doses of Newer Insecticides Against Sucking Pests of Okra
By: S. R. Patil , G. K. Lande , S.K. Bhalkare
Page No : 183-187
Abstract
Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of some new insecticides against sucking insect pests viz., leafhopper, aphid and whitefly in okra. Three sprays of different concentrations of insecticides viz., Thiamethoxam 25 WG, Lambda cyhalothrin 5 EC and Triazophos 40 EC were made at 15 days interval on the okra variety Akola Bahar, sown at Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during Kharif 2012. All the treatments were found to be superior over the untreated control. Amongst the treatments tested, the cumulative effect of foliar spray of Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.006 percent was effective against aphids followed by Lambda cyhalothrin 5 EC @ 0.004 percent, Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.008 percent, Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.009 percent, Lambda cyhalothrin 5 EC @ 0.005 percent, Triazophos 40 EC @ 0.025 percent, Triazophos 40 EC @ 0.031 percent, Lambda cyhalothrin 5 EC @ 0.006 percent and Triazophos 40 EC @ 0.04 percent. While, Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.006 percent was effective against jassids population followed by Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.008 percent, Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.009 percent, Lambda cyhalothrin 5 EC @ 0.004 percent, Lambda cyhalothrin 5 EC @ 0.005 percent, Triazophos 40 EC @ 0.025 percent, Lambda cyhalothrin 5 EC @ 0.006 percent, Triazophos 40 EC @ 0.031 percent and Triazophos 40 EC @ 0.04 percent. Also, in case of whitefly the effective treatment recorded Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.006 percent followed by the treatments Lambda cyhalothrin 5 EC @ 0.004 percent, Lambda cyhalothrin 5 EC @ 0.005 percent, Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.008 percent, Triazophos 40 EC @ 0.025 percent, Lambda cyhalothrin 5 EC @ 0.006 percent, Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.009 percent, Triazophos 40 EC @ 0.031 percent and Triazophos 40 EC @ 0.04 percent all at par with each other.
Authors :
S. R. Patil, G. K. Lande and S.K. Bhalkare : Department of Entomology, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola-444 104, Maharashtra, India
Price: 251
Chemical Fingerprinting in Three Morphotypes of Cissus quadrangularis L.
By: C P Malik , Ritesh Kaur
Page No : 189-196
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to assess and establish intraspecific variation between three morphotypes of Cissus quadrangularis using biochemical fingerprinting. FTIR analysis and LC-MS analysis shows that there is not much difference in the resultant groups present in three morphovariants. Cissus quadrangularis is well known for its bone healing activity. The present study results demonstrate for the first time the biochemical fingerprinting in three morphovariants of C.quadrangularis.
Authors :
Ritesh Kaur and C.P. Malik : School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur
Price: 251
Effect of Temperature, Relative Humidity and pH on Mycelial Growth and Sporulation of Fusarium solani Causing Root Rot of Indian Aloe (Aloe barbadensis MILL.)
By: M. K. Jat , R. R. Ahir
Page No : 197-199
Abstract
Indian aloe (Aloe barbadensis Mill. = Aloe vera) is the oldest medicinal plant commonly known as Ghritkumaree. It is a coarse looking, perennial shallow rooted plant with a short stem, 30-60 cm high and can be grown even in dry lands under rainfed situation. During survey, Indian Aloe were found infected with Root rot caused by Fusarium solani causing severe damage at seedling stage both in the field of Jobner vicinity during Spring season 2011-12. The effect of different levels of temperature (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35o C), relative humidity (60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 percent) and pH (5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0 and 8.5) on growth and sporulation of the pathogen were tested in vitro conditions. Maximum mycelial growth and sporulation were found at 250 C temperature (84.15 mm), 100 per cent relative humidity (88.50 mm) and maximum dry mycelial weight at 6.5 pH (270g).
Authors :
M. K. Jat and R. R. Ahir : Department of Plant Pathology, S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner 303329 (Jaipur), India
Price: 251
Efficacy of Fungicidal Seed Treatment Against Seed Borne Altrnaria alternata Associated with Radish (Raphanus sativus) Seeds.
By: S C Jain , Rekha Kumawat , Paru Panwar
Page No : 201-203
Abstract
Radish (Raphaus sativus Linn.) is a very popular root crop throughout India. It is a quick growing crop. It is easily grown as a companion crop or other crop between rows of other vegetables. Seed borne Alternaria alternata reduce seed quality and quantity in terms of both chemical composition and weight. Different systemic and non-systemic fungicides were used as seed treatment against seed born Alternaria alternata in vitro. Mancozeb proved to be most effective in improving seed germination (82.00%) and vigor index (95.90%) by reducing pre-and post emergence mortality (2.00%) with less number of seedling showing symptoms followed by Vitavax, Bavistin, Topsin-M and Captan which were observed to be less effective.
Authors :
Paru Panwar, Rekha Kumawat and S.C. Jain : Department of Plant Pathology, S.K.N.College of Agriculture (S.K.N. University of Agriculture), Jobner (Jaipur) Rajasthan-303329
Price: 251
Study of Stability Parameters for Seed Yield and its Components in Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L. wilczek)
By: R. Bhardwaj , A. S. Shekhawat , R. Mundiyara , N. C. Sharma
Page No : 205-212
Abstract
The present study entitled “study of stability parameters for seed yield and its components in mung bean (Vignaradiata L. Wilczek)” was undertaken at research farm, college of agriculture, SKRAU Bikaner to understand the role of genotype and environmental interactions in expression of various characters and stability of twenty five mung bean genotypes. The experimental material was raised in randomized block design with three replications under three environments which were created by three different dates of sowing during kharif 2011-2012. A joint regression analysis of variance revealed that variances due to genotype, environment, genotype x environment (linear), and E + (G x E) were found significant for all the traits. G x E interaction was also found significant for all the characters except plant height and pod length. Non-linear component of genotype x environment interaction was found significant for branches per plant, number of effective pods per plant, 1000-seed weight, harvest index, protein content and seed yield per plant. On the Basis of stability parameters the genotype RMG-116 was found better in per se performance and stability for seed yield,this genotype can be recommended for commercial cultivation and can also be effectively utilize in the future breeding programsfor development of stable variety.
Authors :
R. Bhardwaj, A. S. Shekhawat, R. Mundiyara, N. C. Sharma : Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture SKRAU, Bikaner
Price: 251
In Vitro Studies of Curcuma Longa L. and Assessment of Genetic Uniformity through Chemo and DNA Profiling
By: Sachin S. Kharade , Kailash Ch. Samal , Gyanalok Das , G.R. Rout
Page No : 213-219
Abstract
Curcuma longa is an important medicinal plant species having high curcuminoids. The present investigation illustrates the in vitro shoot multiplication, genetic and chemo-profiling assessment of regenerated plants by using DNA and HPTLC analysis. The shoot buds were used for direct shoot induction and regeneration by using MS medium supplemented with 1 – 5 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) alone or in combination with 1.0 – 2.0 mg/l 1-napthaleneactic acid (NAA). Shoot multiplication was observed in MS medium fortified with 2 - 3 mg/l BAP. Combination of 2.5 mg/l BAP and 1.5 mg/ l NAA resulted the highest number of shoot multiplication. About 8.2 shoots/culture was observed in MS medium supplemented with 2.5 – 3.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA within 4 weeks of culture. In vitro root induction was achieved in MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l IBA or NAA within 2 – 3 weeks of culture. Healthy regenerated plantlets were acclimatized in the sterile mixture of garden soil, compost and cow dung in the ratio of 1:1:1 with 90% survivality. DNA profiling were conducted to study the genetic stability of the regenerated plantlets. The curcumin, demethoxycurcumin (DMC) and bis-demethoxycurcumin (BDMC) content in in vitro raised plantlets were estimated by using HPTLC fingerprint.
Authors :
Sachin S. Kharade, Kailash Ch. Samal and G.R. Rout : Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture
Gyanalok Das : AICRP on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar- 751003, Odisha
Price: 251
Instruction to the Author
Article Submission Guidelines for The Journal of Plant Science Research
A UGC-Care Approval Group 1 Journal (Serial No:389)
Current Volume- Vol 40 (2024)
Guidelines for the Authors
The Journal of Plant Science Research (JPSR) publishes research in all fields of plant sciences including basic and applied plant biology (botany). It covers all aspects of plant, algal, and cyanobacterial physiology, molecular biology, and biotechnology. In view of the current and future global changes, research related to environmental sciences, and ways to increase photosynthesis (and plant productivity) are encouraged.
Types of Paper
JPSR publishes original articles; Reviews; Educational Perspectives (including History & Biography); and Letters to the Editors. All papers must be accompanied by Abstracts: 150 words or less for the Letters, and 250 words or less for all other categories. All papers must be accompanied by 5-10 keywords.
Original Article
The length of the text must be less than 3,000 words excluding tables and figure legends. The total number of tables and figures must be 8 or less; and, references must be within 40.
Review
The length of the text must be less than 6,000 words including tables and figure legends.
The total number of tables and figures must be 12 or less; and, references must be within 60.
Educational Perspective (including History & Biography)
The length of the text must be less than 2,000 words including tables and figure legends.
The total number of tables and figures must be or less than 6; and, references must be within 20.
Letter to the Editor
The length must not exceed 600 words including tables and figure legends. Comments to recently published articles in the Journal or author's response to such comment.
References Style Guide
All references must be cited as described below; authors are requested to check that all references in the text match those in the Reference section and vice versa.
In the text, cite author’s name(s) and year of publication as:
• One author: Asada (1984) or (Asada, 1984)
• Two authors: Badger and Price (1994) or (Badger and Price, 1994)
• Three authors or more: Xiong et al., (1995) or (Xiong et al., 1975)
• For multiple citations, separate them with semi-colons : (Kumar and Rao, 1984; Thomas, 2004; Ghosh et al., 2022). [Note that in such a string of citations, use references chronological]
For Journal
Asada K. (1984). Chloroplasts: Formation of active oxygen and its scavenging. Methods Enzymol. 105:422–429.
Badger MR, Price GD. (1994). The role of carbonic anhydrase in photosynthesis. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol. 45:369–392
Brand JJ, Curtis VA, Togasaki RK, San Pietro A. (1975). Partial reactions of photosynthesis in briefly sonicated Chlamydomonas: II. Photophosphorylation activities. Plant Physiol. 55:187–191.
For Book
Coleman JR, Green LS, Berry JA, Togasaki RK, Grossman AR. (1985). Adaptation of C. reinhardtii to the air level of CO2 and the induction of carbonic anhydrase. In: Lucas WL, Berry JA (eds) Organic carbon uptake by aquatic photosynthetic organisms. American Society of Plant Physiologists, Rockville, pp 339–359.
For Reviewers
Please submit, with the manuscript, the names, addresses and e-mail addresses of 3 potential reviewers. Note that the editors of the journal make the final decision on their reviewers for all the submitted papers.
Copyright
Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to complete the copyright transfer form, sign it and send it back online. Authors will ensure that prior permission has been obtained for reproducing copyrighted figures, and tables and will enclose the same along with the article.
Publication Fee
Respective author has to subscribe to the Journal of Plant Science Research. Annually subscription charges will be Rs. 3,000/-
• Authors of accepted manuscripts will be asked to send (or transfer) an article submission fee i.e Rs. 5,000/- for a single article.
• Please take note this package will not be applicable for the colour picture. For the colour picture, the respective author needs to inform Prints Publication Pvt Ltd at the time of submission of the article.
After getting an acceptance of the article from the Chief Editor, the Author needs to make payment by cheque/draft in favour of
“PRINTS PUBLICATIONS PVT. LTD.” payable at New Delhi or you can make payment via bank transfer (bank details given below):
Name of the Bank - HDFC BANK LTD.,
Branch - Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002
Account Holder - PRINTS PUBLICATIONS PVT. LTD.
Account No. - 50200022963221
IFSC Code - HDFC0000314
MICR Branch Code - 110240043
SWIFT CODE - HDFCINBBDEL
And inform us when payment is transmitted with your complete postal address for quick and safe delivery.
As this journal is very useful for researchers, teachers, and students. Therefore, you are requested to please recommend this journal to your institute/library.
Annual subscription rate in India is 3000.00 (Excluding Postage).
NOTE: Back volumes/issues are available on request.
For more details, please visit our website : https://www.printspublications.com/subject/botany/.
If you need any further assistance, please feel free to contact us.
Contact Person for Submission the Article
Professor Ashwani Kumar,
Editor in Chief, JPSR
2-Kha 14, Sector 2, Jawaharnagar,
Jaipur 302004 (Rajasthan), India
Email. Kumar.ashwani104@gmail.com
Mobile/ Cell Phone: 91- 8209237459; Whatsapp Mobile: 91_ 9461663610 OR
Editorial Team Shyaloo (Business Head- Publishing)
Meenakshi Verma - (Proof Reader/Editor)
Prints Publications Pvt Ltd
Viraj Tower - 2, 4259/3, Ansari Road, Darya Ganj,
New Delhi – 110002. India
Tel: +91-11-45355555, 41644472
Fax: +91-11-23275542
E-mail: contact@printspublications.com
Website: www.printspublications.com
Our publication ethics and malpractice statement is based on the guidelines for journal editors developed by the Committee on Publication Ethics(COPE).
Manuscripts submitted to the journal are evaluated on the basis of their scientific content. Measures are adopted to uphold the standards of publication ethics and to avoid malpractices. We endure so that the submitted papers to this Journal and their work is original and unpublished and is not submitted for publication elsewhere. In addition, authors certify that their research paper is their own original work, that is neither copied or plagiarized, partly or whole from other works and used then the works of others is appropriately cited or quoted.
Duties / Responsibilities of Editors
The Editorial Team comprising the Editorial Board and the Editorial Staff with the Publisher is responsible for taking a decision as to which of the articles submitted to the journal are to be published. The Editors have complete discretion to reject/accept an article. The Editorial Team may confer/deliberate with other reviewers/editors in arriving at its decisions. The evaluation of manuscripts is made on the basis of their scholarly and intellectual content without having regard to the nature of the authors or the institution including gender, race, religious belief, ethnic origin, citizenship, or political philosophy of the authors. The journal follows a policy of fair play in its editorial evaluation. The editors are expected to exercise caution and ensure that they have no conflict of interest with respect to the articles they accept/reject. The editors and the editorial staff follow strict confidentiality and are required not to disclose any information about a submitted manuscript to any one other than the corresponding author, reviewers and the publisher. Authors are encouraged to correct the errors which are found during the process of review while preserving the anonymity of the reviewers.
Duties / Responsibilities of Reviewers
Editorial decisions are based on peer review. The reviewers are expected to maintain absolute confidentiality with regard to the contents of manuscripts. The reviews are to be conducted objectively and the referees are expected to express their views clearly with supporting reasons. The reviewers should have no conflict of interest with the authors and the subject matter of the research. The reviewers are required to identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors. Any observation or argument which has been previously reported should also be accompanied along with the relevant citation. Similarities or overlaps between the manuscript under review and any other published paper of which the reviewer may have personal knowledge, may also be brought to the attention of the editors. The information or ideas obtained through peer review are of a privileged nature and must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should not consider manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative or other relationships with any of the authors or institutions connected to the papers.
Duties/Responsibilities of the Authors
Authors must present accurate original research work followed by objective discussion bringing out significance. The paper should bring out details of the available literature and references. Further all the authors must have significantly contributed to the research. Inaccurate statement constitutes unethical behavior and is unacceptable. Authors must ensure that the submitted work is original and has not been published elsewhere, and if the authors have used the work of others the same has been appropriately cited or quoted. Authors must follow Applicable copyright laws and conventions. Permission must be sought for Copyright materials and reproduced only with permission and acknowledgement of source . Authors must ensure that submitted articles are not sent out to other journal. Submitting the same Ms to more than one journal concurrently constitutes unethical practice and is not acceptable. Proper acknowledgement of the work of others must always be made. Authorship should be limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the paper which is submitted for publication. Other persons who have contributed in certain substantive aspects in the development of the paper should be acknowledged. The corresponding author must endure that all co-authors are included in the paper, and that the latter have seen and approved the final version of the paper before submission for publication. All sources of financial support should also be stated. Upon discovery of any significant error in the published work, it is the responsibility of the authors to promptly notify the editors and cooperate in the retraction or correction of the paper.
Peer Review Policy
The practice of peer review is to ensure that only good science is published. It is an objective process at the heart of good scholarly publishing and is carried out by all reputable scientific journals. Our reviewers therefore play a vital role in maintaining the high standards of the and all manuscripts are peer reviewed following the procedure outlined below.
Initial manuscript evaluation
The Editors first evaluate all manuscripts. In some circumstances it is entirely feasible for an exceptional manuscript to be accepted at this stage. Those rejected at this stage are insufficiently original, have serious scientific flaws, have poor grammar or English language, or are outside the aims and scope of the journal. Those that meet the minimum criteria are passed on to experts for review.
Authors of manuscripts rejected at this stage will be informed within 2 weeks of receipt.
Type of Peer Review
The single blind review, where the reviewer remains anonymous to the authors throughout the process.
Each MS is reviewed by 3 independent reviewers
How the reviewer is selected
Reviewers are matched to the paper according to their expertise. Our reviewer database contains reviewer contact details together with their subject areas of interest, and this is constantly being updated.
Reviewer reports
Reviewers are asked to evaluate whether the manuscript:
Is original
Is methodologically sound
Follows appropriate ethical guidelines
Has results which are clearly presented and support the conclusions
Correctly references previous relevant work
Reviewers are not expected to correct or copy edit manuscripts. Language correction is not part of the peer review process. Reviewers are requested to refrain from giving their personal opinion in the "Reviewer blind comments to Author" section of their review on whether or not the paper should be published. Personal opinions can be expressed in the "Reviewer confidential comments to Editor" section.
How long does the peer review process take?
Typically the manuscript will be reviewed within 2-8 weeks. Should the reviewers' reports contradict one another or a report is unnecessarily delayed a further expert opinion will be sought. Revised manuscripts are usually returned to the Editors within 3 weeks and the Editors may request further advice from the reviewers at this time. The Editors may request more than one revision of a manuscript.
Final report
A final decision to accept or reject the manuscript will be sent to the author along with any recommendations made by the reviewers, and may include verbatim comments by the reviewers.
Editor's Decision is final
Reviewers advise the Editors, who are responsible for the final decision to accept or reject the article. The decision of the editor in chief is final
Special Issues / Conference Proceedings
Special issues and/or conference proceedings may have different peer review procedures involving, for example, Guest Editors, conference organisers or scientific committees. Authors contributing to these projects may receive full details of the peer review process on request from the editorial office.
Becoming a Reviewer for the Journal
If you are not currently a reviewer for the journal but would like to be considered as a reviewer for this Journal, please contact the editorial office and provide your contact details. If your request is approved and you are added to the online reviewer database you will receive a confirmatory email, asking you to add details on your field of expertise, in the format of subject classifications.