skip to main content

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NEUTROPHIL LYMPHOCYTE RATIO AND CLINICAL SPECTRUM OF COVID-19 PATIENTS AT RSUD TUGUREJO SEMARANG

*Shafa Salina Amirah orcid  -  Faculty Medicine of Muhammadiyah University Semarang, Jl. Kedungmundu No.18, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia 50273, Indonesia

Citation Format:
Abstract

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious respiratory disease caused by infection novel coronavirus called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 patients has different clinical spectrum, it depends on individual susceptibility and virus ability to infect. Supporting examination that can be used to screening, monitoring and evaluating COVID-19 patient is Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio. Elevated NLR result indicates an imbalance immune response because neutrophilia and lymphopenia occurs.

Objective: This study to determine whether there is a relationship between neutrophil lymphocyte ratios with clinical spectrum of COVID-19 patients at Tugurejo Hospital, Semarang.

Methods: The research conducted at Tugurejo Hospital Semarang in November 2022. This study was an analytical observasional study with cross sectional design and used consequtive sampling. Total samples are 99 fit into the inclusion criteria carried out by data from medical records. Data analysis used Chi Square Test to assess whether there is a relationship between both variable.

Results: The age of COVID-19 patients who hospitalized was 19 – 91 years old. Most of the clinical spectrum patients was moderate (49.5%) and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio result was ≥3.13 (high risk). On Chi Square test found the result of p-value is 0.045 (<0.05) between neutrophil lymphocyte ratio with the clinical spectrum of COVID-19 patients. Which meant that there was significant relationship between both variables.

Conclusion: There is significant relationship between neutrophil lymphocyte ratio with clinical spectrum of COVID-19 patients at Tugurejo Hopsital Semarang.

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Clinical Spectrum of COVID-19 Patients, COVID-19, Neutrophil, Lymphocyte, Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio.

Article Metrics:

  1. CDC. How Coronavirus Spreads [Internet]. [cited 2022 Jun 13]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/how-covid-spreads.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fcoronavirus%2F2019ncov%2Fabout%2Findex.html
  2. Kemenkes RI. Infeksi Emerging Kementerian Kesehatan RI [Internet]. [cited 2022 Apr 2]. Available from: https://infeksiemerging.kemkes.go.id/
  3. Worldometer. COVID Live - Coronavirus Statistics [Internet]. [cited 2022 Jun 14]. Available from: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/
  4. Jateng Tanggap COVID-19 [Internet]. [cited 2022 Jun 14]. Available from: https://corona.jatengprov.go.id/data
  5. Grafik Kasus Aktif, Kasus Sembuh dan Kasus Meninggal per Provinsi (Update per 12 Juni 2022) | Satuan Tugas Penanganan COVID-19 [Internet]. [cited 2022 Jun 14]. Available from: https://covid19.go.id/artikel/2022/06/12/grafik-kasus-aktif-kasus-sembuh-dan-kasus-meninggal-provinsi-update-12-juni-2022
  6. Hu B, Guo H, Zhou P, Shi ZL. Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. Nat Rev Microbiol [Internet]. 2021;19(3):141–54. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41579-020-00459-7
  7. Wu Y-C, Chen C-S, Chan Y-J. The outbreak of COVID-19. J Chinese Med Assoc. 2020;83(3):217–20
  8. Selanno Y, Widaningsih Y, Esa T, Arif M. Analysis of Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio and Absolute Lymphocyte Count as Predictors of Severity of COVID-19 Patients. Indones J Clin Pathol Med Lab. 2021;27(2):184–9
  9. Soraya GV, Ulhaq ZS. Crucial laboratory parameters in COVID-19 diagnosis and prognosis: An updated meta-analysis. Med Clin (Barc) [Internet]. 2020;155(4):143–51. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medcli.2020.05.017
  10. Kementrian Kesehatan Repbulik Indonesia. Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor HK.01.07/MenKes/413/2020 Tentang Pedoman Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2022 Jun 15]. Available from: https://infeksiemerging.kemkes.go.id/download/KMK_No._HK.01.07-MENKES-413-2020_ttg_Pedoman_Pencegahan_dan_Pengendalian_COVID-19.pdf
  11. Mus R, Thaslifa T, Abbas M, Sunaidi Y. Studi Literatur: Tinjauan Pemeriksaan Laboratorium pada Pasien COVID-19. J Kesehat Vokasional. 2021;5(4):242
  12. Yang AP, Liu J ping, Tao W qiang, Li H ming. The diagnostic and predictive role of NLR, d-NLR and PLR in COVID-19 patients. Int Immunopharmacol [Internet]. 2020;84(April):106504. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106504
  13. Burn GL, Foti A, Marsman G, Patel DF, Zychlinsky A. The Neutrophil. Immunity. 2021;54(7):1377–91
  14. Xue Wang 1 A, , Xincheng Li 1 A, , Yu Shang 2 A, 1 JW, 3 XZ, Dongju, et al. Ratios of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Predict All-Cause Mortality in Inpatients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Retrospective Cohort Study in A Single Medical Center. Cambridge Univ Press Public Heal Emerg Collect. 2020;148
  15. Xia X, Wen M, Zhan S, He J, Chen W. An increased neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio is an early warning signal of severe COVID-19. J South Med Univ. 2020;40(3):333–6
  16. Liu J, Liu Y, Xiang P, Pu L, Xiong H, Li C, et al. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts critical illness patients with 2019 coronavirus disease in the early stage. J Transl Med [Internet]. 2020;18(1):1–12. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-020-02374-0
  17. (PDPI) PDPI, (PERKI) PDSKI, (PAPDI) PDSPDI, (PERDATIN) PDA dan TII, (IDAI) IDAI. Buku Tatalaksana COVID-19. Edisi 4. Pedoman tatalaksana COVID-19 edisi 4. Jakarta: Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2022. 79–85 p
  18. National Institutes of Health. Treatment Guidelines Panel. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Natl Institutes Heal [Internet]. 2021;2019:1–243. Available from: https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/.%0Ahttps://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/
  19. Pedoman Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Revisi ke 5. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2020
  20. Hampton T. Insight on Sex-Based Immunity Differences, With COVID-19 Implications. JAMA. 2020;324(13)
  21. Karya KWS, Suwidnya IM, Wijaya BS. Hubungan penyakit komorbiditas terhadap derajat klinis COVID-19. Intisari Sains Medis. 2021;12(2):708
  22. Peng M, He J, Xue Y, Yang X, Liu S, Gong Z. Role of Hypertension on the Severity of COVID-19: A Review. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2021;78(5):e648–55
  23. Rahayu LAD, Admiyanti JC, Khalda YI, Ahda FR, Agistany NFF, Setiawati S, et al. Hipertensi, Diabetes Mellitus, Dan Obesitas Sebagai Faktor Komorbiditas Utama Terhadap Mortalitas Pasien Covid-19: Sebuah Studi Literatur. JIMKI J Ilm Mhs Kedokt Indones. 2021;9(1):90–7
  24. Sintoro DK, Sientoro F, Artanti D. Hubungan antara rasio neutrofil limfosit dengan derajat klinis COVID-19 pada pasien anak di RSUD Tarakan provinsi Kalimantan Utara. Intisari Sains Medis. 2021;12(2):449
  25. Azer SA. COVID-19: pathophysiology, diagnosis, complications and investigational therapeutics. New Microbes New Infect [Internet]. 2020;37(M):100738. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100738
  26. Yufani H, Rofinda ZD. Limfopenia dan Rasio Neutrofil-Limfosit pada Infeksi Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. 2021;0813663330(3):178–82

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.