Abstract
Social work is involved in public policy and social programs that target vulnerable, marginalized or excluded, it is necessary to analyze its commitment considering its relation to the management for the treatment of illness and rehabilitation of health sector institutions. In this regard, the objective of this study was to establish the reliability and validity of an instrument for measuring work commitment in the health sector. For this purpose, we used a nonrandom sample of 100 social work professionals with experience in implementing social programs and monitoring of institutional strategies for health promotion. Were established normality, reliability and validity on the scale that measured labor commitment. Structural model was established in which reflective commitment to the institution was positively related to work engagement. The residual fit indices and corroborated the hypothesis of multidimensionality of work commitment.
Keywords:Public Policy; Health Sector; Social Work; Occupational Commitment
Introduction
At the time this work is written down, the pandemic caused
by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus and COVID-19 have infected 15
million, sickened 7 million and killed 700,000 globally. In Mexico,
400 thousand infected, 100 sick and 40 deaths are registered.
Because governments have implemented their mitigation policies
from a central health authority, constitutional laws prevent a
strict and permissible confinement only before the declaration of
a State of exception, contagions have exceeded the institutional
capacity of the public health service [1]. In the case of Mexico,
the health culture that inhibits disease prevention, as well as
resistance to medical care until a critical and irreversible stage,
coupled with the discretionary and non-selective recruitment of
50,000 health professionals, hospitals without equipment and
the lack of ambulances have led to the deaths of 40,000 and at
least 80,000 deaths are projected. In this complex scenario, work
commitment understood as provisions against or in favor of health
policies, public assistance service, self-care and social support have
been observed as a complex and multidimensional variable that
explains the exposure to risks by health workers, as well as the
prevalence to assume more risks expecting minimum benefits or
acknowledgments [2].
Precisely, the objective of this work was to establish the
dimensions of work commitment, considering the scenario of risks
associated with the health crisis (COVID-19) and the economic crisis
(recession). The hypothesis that guides the present study indicates
a prevalence of multidimensional commitment in a situation of risk
or health contingency [3]. It is a construct that explains at least
four axes of discussion and research on the subject once health
actors interact with political agents and social sectors [4]. In this
way, the commitment is diversified according to the demands of the
environment, institutional resources, the capacities of professionals
and the dispositions of users of the public service [5]. The diagnosis
will allow anticipating the responses of health professionals in
general and social workers in the face of a probable scenario of
risks, contingencies and threats to their health and integrity. In this
way, in the first section the theoretical and conceptual frameworks
that explain the labor commitment are exposed. A second section
includes studies related to the dimensions of work commitment in order to be able to select those for modeling in a third moment. The
methodological aspects are included, as well as the results and the
discussion with the state of the question in order to be able to make
a final reflection on the subject before COVID-19.
Theory of Labor Commitment
In the framework of the pandemic mitigation policies, scenarios
of confinement and violence prevail among the parties involved, as
well as between the rulers and the governed attributable to risk
management, management and communication [6]. In such a
situation, health professionals develop expectations before their
authorities and users of public health services, as well as before the
infrastructure of their work areas. In this sense, the theoretical and
conceptual frameworks that explain their degree of commitment
refer to their dispositions, intentions, and actions in the face of
scarcity, shortages, unhealthiness, and famine. In this way, the
explanatory theories of the organizational and personal situation of
health professionals were designed and consolidated in the 1970s
[7]. These are the Theory of Reasoned Action, the Theory of Setting
the Agenda, the Theory of Prospective Decisions and the Theory
of Amplification of Risks. In a context where health institutions
and organizations were considered as balanced environments of
demands and resources, the Theory of Reasoned Action contributed
to the state of the question by relating the beliefs of abundance or
scarcity with the provisions against or in favor of their performance
[8]. Occupational. This is the case of health professionals who, by
interacting with their environment, developed self-management
skills that earned them the formation of associations such as
“Doctors without Borders” or the “International Red Cross” itself.
From this theoretical approach, engagement was the result of a
deliberate, planned, and systematic process of biomedical rather
than social or organizational decisions for the well-being of health
professionals.
In that same decade of the sixties, the media reached the status
of fourth power by highlighting the political and institutional
blunders in corruption scandals associated with health policies
in the face of the impact of natural disasters, pollution from
multinationals or nuclear accidents [3]. These are environmental
organizations that questioned the state’s programs and strategies in
the face of the extinction of animal and plant species. Consequently,
this theoretical approach considered commitment as the product
of establishing axes and topics for discussion on the public agenda
derived from the political agenda and this in turn influenced by the
scientific and investigative health agenda.
At the same time, the Theory of Prospective Decisions focused
on the study of health promotion, the prevention of accidents or
diseases, as well as the self-care and adherence to treatment of
users of the public health care service [9]. This theoretical corpus
linked decisions in risky situations with expectations of high costs
and maximum benefits to explain risky behaviors in the face of
the emergency of sexually transmitted diseases. Lastly, given the
increase in cases of disease in developing countries, the Theory of
Risk Amplification addressed the problem of communication and
crisis management, as well as its effects on vaccination campaigns
for the general population or sectorial [10]. In the case of epidemics
and even more so of pandemics, the amplification of risk refers to
the fact that political strategies are potentiated to their maximum
expression in civil society. In this way, those who make decisions
about the confinement of people acquire the commitment to
generate expectations of people towards their capacity and
performance, tolerance and empathy with victims and deaths.
In summary, the theoretical and conceptual approaches
that explain the impact of public policies on the performance of
professionals, the subjects of public service and the open population
in general through the dissemination of decisions in the media have
outlined sectors in order to be able to anticipate their responses to
health risks and contingencies.
Studies of Labor Commitment
Work commitment is embedded in an organizational
psychological system that starts from the climate and ends in
satisfaction. In such a system, commitment interrelates with
leadership and performance to mediate the relationship between
climate and satisfaction [11]. These are assumptions according to
an increase in task and human relationships that impact leadership,
commitment and performance to influence an increase in life
satisfaction. In other words, human capital in organizations seems
to be immersed in a series of activities and personalities that lead
them to assume leadership roles and dimensions of commitment
that increase their performance, although such a process is rather
oriented towards greater personal satisfaction, the Organization
seems to intercede in such purposes . The psychology of
organizations has stated that production processes are inherent
in the cognitive processes of those who work in an organization
[12]. In reference to organizational development, organizational
psychological studies have shown that commitment is a factor in
the systematization of production. In this sense, the commitment
is assumed as a set of actions, roles, motives and expectations that
generate a collaborative dynamic among the members of a work
group or productive organization.
The model of organizational commitment presents seven cases
concerning empowerment, motivation, identity, trust, ambiguity
and conflict which affect the commitment through the satisfactions
[13]. An increase in empowerment and motivation would lead to an
increase in satisfaction and commitment. However, the reduction
of ambiguity and conflict when negatively related to satisfaction
affect an increase in commitment. Rather, increasing identity
and confidence also influence satisfaction and commitment. If
organizational commitment is determined by empowerment,
motivation, identity, trust, ambiguity, and conflict through
satisfaction, then commitment can be defined as the result of the interrelation between organizational factors of a human nature
in reference to the relationship between leaders and employees
[14]. In this sense, commitment is a function of personal wishes
and organizational visions. It is an indicator of fairness and justice
in which leaders relate to employees based on a balance between
freedoms, capacities and responsibilities.
Based on such assumptions, organizational psychologists have
assumed that commitment is a product rather than a permanent
process of identity [15]. Those who make a commitment to their
companies are considered as a product of organizational dynamics
rather than as individuals with collaborative personalities and
values. In this sense, the recruitment and selection of prospects is
not carried out based on their individual characteristics, but rather
their capacities and coping strategies in the face of the emergence
of conflicts, risk and uncertainty. Organizational commitment
opens the discussion around the relationship between organization
and individual [16]. The influence of the first on the second seems
to be corroborated with organizational psychological studies, but
the commitment, as a systematization of functions and results, goes
beyond the individual and the organization. The work commitment
refers to a set of moral and evaluative principles characteristic of
leaders who, in their eagerness to achieve their objective, firmly
believe in the ideals of productivity, order and systematization of
organizational functions.
In short, the commitment is a set of beliefs, attitudes and
actions that reduce uncertainty and increase a propensity for the
future. Increasing risk expectations would decrease motivation
for work and disorganize the human relations system, affecting
the performance of each member. Organizational psychological
studies have established dimensions of work commitment based on
their relationship with variables of an organizational nature [17].
Mainly, work commitment has been correlated with work culture,
task climate life satisfaction, social recognition, transformational
leadership, productive performance and entrepreneurial spirit.
Psychological studies of the labor commitment have established
causal relationships between and variable styles of leadership
[18]. As the type of leadership intensifies, it explains the increase
in work commitment. Different types of leadership affect the
increase or decrease of perceptions, attitudes and actions. In this
sense, the performance history affects the commitment to increase
productivity in the future. Behind the labor engagement, command
structures, relations task, conflict and stress or satisfaction seem
to explain the increase or decrease commitment assumed by the
stay labor, although attention to the customer explained labor
commitment.
Coincide in relating life satisfaction with commitment [19].
Such findings suppose a continuity between socialization of the
first and second order , whether in a collectivist or individualistic
sense, favorable or unfavorable, the principles that guide the
individual in a family group would be the same as those that guide
them in a labor or productive group. In light of these results, work
commitment would be the last link, at least in the workplace, of
a chain of perceptions, beliefs, attitudes, decisions and actions
directed from the primary group in which the individual learned
the basic symbols and in whose development he never had the
opportunity to question such principles that now seem to guide him
in his commitment, productivity and job satisfaction. The state of
the art seems to show solid evidence around the complementarity
between first order socialization and second order socialization.
The dimensions of work commitment in Social Work
professionals who work in public institutions but have had critical
training in the exercise of their profession and have been socialized
under collectivist principles where the interests of the majority
prevail over the objectives personal or institutional [10]. The
answer to this question is confined to organizational psychological
studies related to work commitment. These are four dimensions
in which commitment is indicated by support, recognition,
learning and evaluation. That is to say, the labor commitment can
be observed from the support that the organization gives to the
individual for their personal, family and work development. In this
sense, the leaders of the organization that recognize specific actions
to the individual encourage and recognition of the labor, family or
international groups in which the individual is inserted. In this way,
a concrete action that implies specific recognition supposes specific
learning as a symptom of work commitment. Finally, in the case
of organizations with social commitment and that transfer these
values to individuals, they generate a series of personal values that
can be observed as symptoms of their work commitment.
The analysis of covariances shows negative and positive,
significant and spurious associations between the indicators of
labor commitment [20]. In the case of the commitment that the
surveyed sample has with the institution in which they work, it
is related to the commitment of growth in couples. Measure that
institutional objectives are go with some couple shared goals.
In this sense, interpersonal dynamics could be interrelated with
other collaborative dynamics that in the workplace are inherent
in the task climate or the relationship climate. In contrast, selfcommitment,
which reflects a propensity for individualism in
reference to institutional commitment, which implies a propensity
for collectivism, are opposite indicators since while the values of a
variable increase, a decrease in the values of the other variable [21].
This is that personal purposes do not seem to converge with the
interests of the institution where Social Work professionals carry
out their functions. In the case of the supraordinal indicator which
denotes a commitment beyond the simple functions of observation,
interview, systematization, and intervention that requires
profession, criticism and Stas functions is linked with interpersonal
goals [22]. In this sense, the task climate and the relationship
climate are closer to the profession’s critical commitment than to
the conflict, since the questioning of the assistance functions is necessary in the development of Social Work. Maybe it by reason
that criticism of the profession had a negative relationship with the
healthcare commitment.
On the other hand, the care commitment had its greatest link
with the family commitment [23]. Both indicators maintained
positive relationships from which it is possible to deduce that the
surveyed sample shows a close relationship between the practice
of the profession as a healthcare commitment and the type of group
to which they belong or want to belong. It is a third socialization of
the social work professional in which public policies and welfare
programs seem to complement the second order socialization of the
families and groups that surrounded the Social Work professionals
in their development. On the contrary, the assistance commitment
is negatively related to the interpersonal commitment [24].
Despite the fact that the relationship is spurious, other variables
influence both commitments, such an association is relevant
since the commitment to the institution that projects and directs
social programs fades before the interrelation of the Social Work
professional with other colleagues, groups vulnerable, reference
or belonging. Commitment to the closer interpersonal circle is
opposed to institutional policy. For the relationship between
engagement and collaborative family engagement is possible to
note that the primary socialization group serves as a supplement
to the group socialization second order. In systemic terms, the
mesosystem in which family and work are indicators par excellence
can be explained from commitment as a multidimensional factor.
Not, however, collaborative commitment is negatively related to
interpersonal engagement.
On the other hand, commitment to oneself is positively
associated with commitment to the profession: social work
[25]. The s identity is personal and labor to be linked explain the
consistent practice of the profession even despite the vicissitudes of
it. In a context in which the functions of social work are reduced to
technical procedures and risk inherent to socio - economic studies,
professional social work manifest a to association close between
the functions of your l work your personal goals d and life, but such
Aspects are overshadowed by relationships with colleagues as
profession commitment is opposite to interpersonal commitment.
It is worth noting the association between institutional and
supraordinal commitment assumes that the rules of health centers
and the recognition of bosses towards the professional practice
of social workers are associated in such a way that the granting
of resources, socioeconomic studies or home visits seem to be
linked to the organizational structure in terms of the distribution of
resources or microcredits [6]. In the case of personal commitment
and that derived from family recognition, the relationship suggests
an interlocution between the information that the family members
have on Social Work and their professional practice. This finding is
relevant considering model, since it confirms the hypothesis that
commitment is the result of organizational factors in reference to
personal desires.
Once the covariances between the indicators were established,
a reflective model was estimated [26]. A greater correlation
between the labor-organizational commitment and institutional
indicator. In this sense, the psychological construct of the workorganizational
commitment is explained by the commitment to
institutional policy. Apparently, Social Work professionals are
influenced by organizational principles rather than by the personal,
interpersonal, collaborative, functional, professional, healthcare,
family or critical objectives inherent in Social Work.
In an opposite sense, the critical commitment of the profession
was negatively related to the factor [27]. Such result complements
the assumption around which Social Work professionals adjust
their objectives to the internal policies of the institution for which
they work, although they coexist with other principles that guide
organizational commitment. Finally, the adjustment and residual
indices were estimated to test the hypothesis regarding the
configuration of an organizational commitment that would have
as indicators aspects inherent to the individual, family, colleagues,
functions, policies and structure in which each social worker is
inserted. The results show that the null hypothesis can be accepted
since the adjustment indices are close to unity and the residual
close to zero. In summary, studies of work commitment show a
multidimensionality of factors that would explain the emergence
of a favorable disposition to risk events and contingent situations.
It is an organizational response to excessive demands regarding the
resources and capacities available in health institutions.
Modelling variables and dimensions of labor commitment
From the theoretical, conceptual and empirical frameworks reviewed, it is possible to model the variables and dimensions related to work commitment, considering four axes of discussion predictive of work performance (Figure 1).
Note: Elaborated with literature review; ( ) = Dimensional axis, ⌠⌡ = Factorial Construct ____ = Latent variable.
Axis 1: Explanation of performance from reasoned action through the seven dimensions of labor commitment [28]. The empirical evidence indicates that reasoned action highlights an academic commitment that would explain, through favorable health provisions, a job performance in non-contingent or risky situations, but if this were the case, a spontaneous processing would emerge that would activate emotional dispositions which support a family or educational commitment due to the influence of people close to the health professional with their reasoned actions in their health functions.
Axis 2: Explanation of performance from setting through the seven dimensions of labor commitment [29]. The establishment of a health policy reflects a public, political and scientific agenda in which academic, training and professional commitment are involved. These are positive provisions for health promotion, as well as disease prevention, albeit motivated by speeches or narratives of union leaders by health professionals. This is the case of those who mobilize with the purpose of demanding better conditions for their work, as well as those who participate in debate forums about the vicissitudes or blunders of the authorities in the matter. The transfer of knowledge is the goal of those who have this profile of commitment to their colleagues and users of the services, but disseminators in the media.
Axis 3: Explanation of performance from prospective decision through the seven dimensions of labor commitment [11]. Doctors without borders represent this axis because they calculate high costs but also maximum benefits when exercising their profession in unhealthy, risky, threatening, contingent and uncertain conditions. Resource scarcity and management are hallmarks of this commitment profile which encompasses everyone except the family. These are liberal dimensions of commitment that do not match the traditional dimension of the family, which is a comfort zone.
Axis 4: Explanation of performance from amplification of risk through the seven dimensions of labor commitment [11]. Health professionals who attend unexpected calls without a selection system can contribute to the amplification of risk if it is a health crisis event such as an epidemic or a pandemic. In one sense, general amplifying risk assumes that healthcare is no longer seen as a solution but as an extension of the problem. The prestige and reputation of a health system is based on a commitment to society in general and to the vulnerable, marginalized or excluded sectors. Even personal commitment is forged from that institutional prestige that can be everted in the face of increased lethality.
In summary, work commitment, its explanatory conceptual theoretical frameworks and its dimensions of analysis reflect a health system focused on intellectual capital that studies have revealed as a factor of reputation and prestige, but also of risk amplification. When the system enjoys a good reputation, even the prospective decisions of its members are viewed favorably, as is the case of doctors without borders or the red cross, but on the contrary, they are assumed to be part of the problem in a pandemic with a high fatality rate. Such a process is exacerbated when the media enters the scene. This is the case of reports in health centers overwhelmed by the rate of infections, illnesses and deaths.
Method
Design. An exploratory, cross-sectional and correlational study was carried out.
Sample
Non-probability selection of 100 professionals (50 women and 50 men with an average age of 33 years and 7 having graduated) from Social Work in health centers in the state of Morelos (Mexico) with an average monthly income of 870 USD (DE = 12 , 5 USD) seven years average work experience (DE = 2 , 3). Organizational commitment is influenced by social policy and assistance program was considered suitable as a criterion for inclusion and l know the Plan Development National and Institutional and professional practice areas.
Instrument
Questions related to sex, age, income, origin, experience and civil and family situation were included. Used the Scale Commitment Labor which includes reagents around perceptions of items
Procedure
Respondents their commitment regarding specific situations of their job functions and organizational environment. Through a telephone contact with the selected sample in which an interview was requested and whose purposes would be merely academic and institutional to follow up on the graduates, whether they were graduates or not. Once the appointment was established, a questionnaire was provided in which the socio- demographic, economic and psychological or organizational questions were included. In cases where there was a tendency to the same response option or, the lack of response, they were asked to write on the back the reasons why they answered with the same response option or, if applicable, the absence of them. Data were captured in the Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS) and structural equation analyzes were estimated with the help of the Structural Moment Analysis (AMOS) program and the Relationships program Linear Structural (LISREL).
Analysis
The establishment of the structural model of reflective relationships between work commitment and its indicators was carried out considering the normality, reliability and validity of the scale measured by the psychological construct. The kurtosis parameter was used to establish the normality of the distribution of responses to the level of commitment questioned. The results show that the kurtosis parameter had a value of less than eight, which is the minimum suggested to assume normal distribution. In the case of reliability, the Cronbach’s alpha value allowed establishing the relationship between each question and the scale. The value exceeding 0, 60 was considered as evidence of internal consistency. Finally, the exploratory factor analysis of principal components and varimax rotation in which the factor weights greater than 0, 300 allowed us to deduce the emergence of the commitment from eight indicators. Once normality, reliability and validity were established, the covariances between the indicators were established to model the existing relationships with the organizational factor.
Results
Table 1 shows the descriptive values that allow multivariate analyzes such as reliability, adequacy, sphericity and validity in order to appreciate the factor structure of work commitment. The factorial structure made up of seven dimensions related to the social, sectoral, academic, training, family, professional and personal aspects explained 53% of the total variance, suggesting the extension of work to other dimensions that the literature identifies as antecedents of social work; charity, assistance or altruism. The social factor explained the highest percentage of the variance with 16% indicating that the labor commitment of the surveyed sample to be linked to the reputation, prestige and image of the institution vis-à-vis society in general. This is an in-depth commitment to local values, norms, uses and customs that reflect a demand and demand for attention from health professionals, even more in the face of risky events or contingent situations.
Note: Elaborated with data study; R = Reactive, M = Mean, SD = Standard Deviation, A = Alpha excluded value item. Adequation and Sphericity ⌠χ2 = 21,23 (12df) p < ,05; KMO = ,0627⌡F1 = Social (16% total variance explained and alpha with 0,778), F2 = Sectorial (13% total variance explained and alpha with 0,765), F3 = Academic (10% total variance explained and alpha with 0,780), F4 = Formative (7% total variance explained and alpha with 0,756), F5 = family (4% total variance explained and alpha with 0,752), F6 = Professional (2% total variance explained and alpha with 0,790), F7 = Personal (1% total variance explained and alpha with 0,760). All items are answered with one of five options ranging from 0 = “not at all likely” to 5 = “quite likely”.
Discussion
The contribution of the present work to the state of the
question lies in the validity of an instrument that measures
seven dimensions related to work commitment which explained
53% of the total variance, although the results are limited to the
study sample, suggest the extension from the proposal to other
risk scenarios and contingent situations in order to confirm the
structure of provisions and its seven factors. In relation to the
theoretical and conceptual frameworks that highlight four axes of
discussion around the commitment to the workplace, this work has
shown that the social factor prevails over other areas, suggesting
the systematic observation of its indicators in light of the theory
of forward-looking decisions and amplification of risk [30-32].
The anticipation of haphazard and uncertain scenarios will allow
the generation of didactic sequences aimed at the formation of
intellectual capital to respond efficiently, effectively and effectively
to the health demands of an eventual crisis. About studies of work
commitment in which multiple dimensions stand out, this work
confirms those findings reported in the literature, but suggests
the observation of other dimensions inherent in social work such
as charity, altruism and limited assistance. These results allow the
design of virtual pedagogical sequences in which the training of
professionals is established from scientific protocols rather than
from interventional experience. In relation to the modeling of
variables, the present study has demonstrated the emergence of a
factorial structure of main axes with promax rotation in which it
was possible to observe the concomitance of factors and indicators.
Such an exercise will allow the design of interventions based on the
social factor in order to take advantage of the prestige, reputation
and image of an institution in the face of the pandemic.
In summary, the literature consulted highlighting the
multidimensionality of work commitment seems to show that it
is a stable structure as the responsibilities of health professionals
diversify, even when they can amplify risks, they are scenarios of
great public confidence to face a health crisis like COVID-19
Conclusion
The present study has established seven dimensions of
organizational commitment to show the differences between the
commitment derived from a social, sectorial, academic, formative,
family, professional and personal. The convergence between
these principles of contextual localization and identity in the face
of power relations allows us to deduce that work commitment is
a network of perceptions, beliefs, attitudes, decisions and actions
aimed at the interrelation between the eight wielded dimensions.
However, the prevalence of social commitment seems to show that
Social Work professionals adjust their objectives to the structure
and policy of the organization for which they work. Such findings
are relevant considering the theory`s since they complement one
of its principles related to customer service. To the extent that
organizations follow a policy of evaluation and satisfaction of service
quality, they foster an increase in the responsibilities, expectations
and commitments of their employees. Thus, this study has found
that adjusting to an organization’s norms and policies prevails
over personal, interpersonal, collaborative, and family goals. That
is, if in the institutions where Social Work professionals, service
quality policies were followed and productivity was established
from consecutive evaluations, the surveyed sample would adjust its
primary commitments to the objectives of said institution [33-35].
However, the command structure, according to the studies
show that leadership style explains a higher percentage of the
variance of work commitment in reference to the satisfaction
of life, performance or productivity. In this sense, this research
argues that commitment to the institution by coexisting with
personal commitment, explains the influence of leadership style. In
the context of the study, the surveyed sample manifested a work
commitment consisting of matching their expectations with the
mission and vision of the institution where they work. Therefore,
it is logical to think that the leadership style complements the
primary socialization.
Despite the contributions made, it is recommended to extend
the study to leadership styles to develop a theory that allows
explaining the influence of the institutional power structure on the
labor commitment of Social Work professionals. If it is considered
that in the institutions the leadership is occupied by other health
professionals such as administrators, accountants or doctors,
then it would be pertinent to explain the areas of opportunity for
Social Work professionals when assuming a greater commitment
and responsibility: planning an institution. Now, regarding the
construction of an explanatory model of job satisfaction as an
indicator of efficiency in the professional practice of Social Work, it
is necessary to consider the incidence of social programs and sector
strategies, since the dynamics of evaluating social and institutional
policies it involves achieving objectives by a human capital willing to
reproduce development plans on social needs as well as managing
opportunities and capacities to spread responsibilities such as
health in vulnerable, marginalized or excluded sectors. The success
of development policies is centered on the level of commitment
of those who carry out institutional plans and strategies, manage
resources and promote a culture of self-care without which any
development plan would be fallible.
In Mexico, social policies and programs involve assisting
vulnerable, marginalized or excluded groups through the
professional practice of Social Work. In the health area, management
and promotion are areas of intervention of Social Work. In other
words, as the State encourages human development in its spheres
of health, education and employment, it affects institutional
strategies for the prevention and treatment of diseases. However,
the institutional political machinery of the health sector requires talents committed to low-income social groups, since among these
networks for local development will be formed. For this reason,
it is relevant to study the indicators of work commitment in
professionals linked to social assistance programs. A diagnosis of
the areas of opportunity and the virtues of the health promotion
and management system will allow us to discuss the emergence of
new paradigms of social assistance focused on promoters of human
development.
Even though public institutions are limited to a National
Development Plan, the professional practice of Social Work is often
conditioned by local, institutional situations or by the work climate,
salary or stress that personalized attention implies. In this sense,
it is necessary to establish the dimensions of the organizational
commitment of the Social Work professionals, since a high degree
of commitment suggests an efficient level of attention which
could translate into a favorable evaluation of social policies and
institutional programs. For the health sector, labor commitment to
being associated with the management and health promotion, is set
by indicators that are responsible for the structures and policies
extol institutional predicting personal actions. In this sense, the
work commitment has been a transmitter relations and conflicts
to the interior of an institution that inhibit or potentiate job
satisfaction. As professional commitment transfers organizational
values of collaborative interrelation, it affects the expectations
of the members of an organization. Such a process supposes the
coexistence between indicators of labor commitment that by
their nature are complementary and opposite. Ie organizational
commitment contains two processes of socialization, first allusive
order earlier that place the individual in a context and second order
relative earlier that identify a structure of power relations, both can
be complementary or opposite.
In the field of Social Work, institutions function as secondorder
socialization structures to influence the perceptions, beliefs,
attitudes, decisions and actions of their employees. In principle,
institutions are a scenario of political rationality in which the State
uses social assistance programs that Social Work professionals must
follow and, in any case, perfect said system to achieve the favorable
evaluation of public policies and social programs. Such a process of
political rationality can be complementary or antagonistic to the
principles that guide personal, interpersonal, family or collaborative
commitment in the employees of a public institution. For this
reason, it is necessary to clarify the dimensions of organizational
commitment based on the complexity that the exercise of Social
Work implies. In this sense, the present study seeks to establish the
dimensions of work commitment considering levels of institutional
complexity that would frame the disagreement with indicators of a
commitment derived from primary socialization.
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