Association between COVID-19 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i7.30338Keywords:
COVID-19; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Pandemic; Health teaching.Abstract
People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus are more likely to develop COVID-19 compared to people with other comorbidities. These factors are partly due to the fact that the ACE-2 receptor, through which the coronavirus enters cells, affects the body's glucose metabolism, which can exacerbate the symptoms of both diseases. To analyze the association between COVID-19 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in order to elucidate the main factors associated with the profile of these patients. Observational, retrospective cohort and cross-sectional studies were selected using the criteria according to Prisma - Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, published between 2019-2021 on the following data platforms: SciELO, Virtual Health Library (BVS) and PubMed. The results suggest an association between predominantly mild COVID-19 disease and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, it cannot be completely ruled out that factors other than the viral infection itself influence the manifestation of type 2 diabetes. The change in the predominantly sedentary lifestyle, especially during confinement, and the change in eating habits may have increased body weight and , therefore, the risk of type 2 diabetes. Patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) are more vulnerable to the worsening of COVID-19 due to the peculiarities of their immune status and immune response to a viral attack, high virus activity in conditions of hyperglycemia, in the presence of comorbidity and obesity and in the elderly, which often accompany the course of T2DM.
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