The structure of seroprevalence to the SARS-CoV-2 virus among residents of the Moscow Region during the period of epidemic incidence of COVID-19

A pandemic of the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus (hereinafter referred to as COVID-19) was announced by WHO in February 2020. In the Moscow Region (MR), the first case of the disease was detected on March 7, 2020 in a woman who arrived from Switzerland. Four weeks later, a rapid rise began, the peak of which fell on the 20th week (May 11, 2020 – May 17, 2020), which was replaced by a gradual steady decline that lasted for 13 weeks.
Objective. To determine the level and structure of population immunity to the SARS-CoV-2 virus among the population of the Moscow Region between June 22, 2020 and July 11, 2020.
Patients and methods. A serological study of seroprevalence among residents of MR to COVID-19 was carried out from June 22, 2020 till July 11, 2020 during the period of a steady decline in the incidence. The work was conducted as part of the first stage of the large-scale Rospotrebnadzor program to assess population immunity to the COVID-19 virus among the population of the Russian Federation. Volunteers for the study were selected by the method of questioning and randomization. The analysis included the results of a survey of 2688 people. The number of volunteers in all age groups was equal. The content of specific IgG to the COVID-19 nucleocapsid was determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a test system manufactured by the FBIS SRCAMB according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Results. The results of the study showed that the collective immunity of the total population of the Moscow Region was 21.0%. The maximum level of population immunity was established in children aged 14–17 years (30.7%) and 1–6 years old (25.2%). There were no statistically significant differences in the level of seroprevalence between men and women. As a result of seroepidemiological research, it was shown that in the medical center, in the presence of contacts with patients with COVID-19, the risk of infection increases by 2.5 times. After infection with COVID-19, antibodies were detected in 78.7% of cases. In persons with a positive result of the PCR analysis obtained earlier, antibodies were detected in 82.8% of cases. A high proportion of asymptomatic infection among seropositive volunteers was found, which amounted to 83.4%.
Key words: coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2, incidence, seroprevalence, the Moscow Region, population, COVID-19
For citation: Popova A.Yu., Ezhlova E.B., Melnikova A.A., Mikailova O.M., Kombarova S.Yu., Kostina M.A., Aleshkin A.V., Lyalina L.V., Smirnov V.S., Gvazava K.R., Kozlov A.V., Chapov E.V., Sychev D.A., Khattatova N.V., Basov A.A., Zatevalov A.M., Novikova L.I., Bochkareva S.S., Likhanskaya E.I., Sharova A.A., Lomonosova V.I., Totolyan A.A., Pchelintsev S.Yu., Stepanov A.V., Dmitriev G.A., Leontievа N.I. The structure of seroprevalence to the SARS-CoV-2 virus among residents of the Moscow Region during the period of epidemic incidence of COVID-19. Infekc. bolezni (Infectious diseases). 2020; 18(4): 17–26. (In Russian). DOI: 10.20953/1729-9225-2020-4-17-26