Rehabilitation bei Coronavirus-Erkrankung mit SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

 

 Buy Article Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

The Coronavirus disease with SARS-CoV-2 viral infection (COVID-19) and its diverse courses of disease from mild to critical illness frequently is not only an acute disease, but will – in a proportion of those affected – lead to organ structure and body function deficits that still exist or become apparent after the acute stage of disease. When clinically relevant symptoms or functional deficits (impairments) are documented more than four weeks after COVID-19 onset, the syndrome is called “Long-COVID”, from 12 weeks after onset onwards “Post-COVID”.

In such cases and when everyday life functioning or return to work are affected by persisting deficits specialized rehabilitation treatment is indicated. An individual medical, frequently multi-professional diagnostic evaluation is mandatory in that situation: For adequate treatment, it is important to identify and objectify the individually underlying health conditions based on knowledge about the diverse potential consequences of COVID-19, to assess type and severity of functional consequences (impairments, activity limitations, and restrictions of participation) of Long-/Post-COVID individually, and then to decide on the treatment necessities and plans. With regard to rehabilitation, need and decision for either pulmonary, neurological, cardiac, or psychosomatic rehabilitation depends on the individual medical presentation.

Publication History

Article published online:
01 August 2022

© 2022. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

• Literatur

• 1 Koczulla AR, Ankermann T, Behrends U. et al AWMF S1-Leitlinie Post-COVID/Long-COVID. AWMF-Registernummer 020-027; 12.07.2021. Im Internet (Stand 21.04.2022): https://www.awmf.org/leitlinien/detail/anmeldung/1/ll/020-027.html
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 2 Platz T, Berghem S, Berlit P. et al S2k-Leitlinie SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 und (Früh-)Rehabilitation. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Neurorehabilitation, Hrsg. AWMF-Registernummer 080-008; Version 2 vom 1.11.2021. Im Internet (Stand: 16.05.2022): https://www.awmf.org/leitlinien/detail/ll/080–008.html
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 3 Glöckl R, Buhr-Schinner H, Koczulla AR. et al. DGP-Empfehlungen zur pneumologischen Rehabilitation bei COVID-19. Pneumologie 2020; 74: 496-504 DOI: 10.1055/a-1193-9315.
  Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 4 Lehmann A, Prosch H, Zehetmayer S. et al. Impact of persistent D-dimer elevation following recovery from COVID-19. PLoS One 2021; 16: e0258351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258351.
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 5 Koczulla AR, Stegemann A, Gloeckl R. et al. Newly detected rapid eye movement associated sleep apnea after coronavirus disease 2019 as a possible cause for chronic fatigue: two case reports. J Med Case Rep 2021; 15: 211 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-021-02819-0.
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 6 Meyer FJ, Borst MM, Buschmann HC. et al Belastungsuntersuchungen in der Pneumologie – Empfehlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin e.V. Pneumologie 2018; 72: 687-731
  Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 7 Liu K, Zhang W, Yang Y. et al. Respiratory rehabilitation in elderly patients with COVID-19: A randomized controlled study. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2020; 39: 101166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101166.
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 8 Glöckl R, Leitl D, Jarosch I. et al. Benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation in COVID-19: a prospective observational cohort study. ERJ Open Research 2021; 7 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00108-2021.
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 9 Hayden M, Limbach M, Schuler M. et al. Effectiveness of a Three-Week Inpatient Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program for Patients after COVID-19: A Prospective Observational Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18: 9001 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179001.
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 10 Sonnenweber T, Sahanic S, Pizzini A. et al. Cardiopulmonary Recovery after COVID-19: an observational prospective multicenter trial. Eur Respir J 2021; 57: 2003481 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.03481-2020.
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 11 Luger AK, Sonnweber T, Gruber L. et al. Chest CT of Lung Injury 1 Year after COVID-19 Pneumonia: The CovILD Study. DOI: 10.1148/radiol.211670.
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 12 Leo F, Meybaum C, Wormanns D. et al. Update 2021: Pulmonale Folgen nach COVID-19-Pneumonie. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2021; 146: 927-932
  Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 13 Chou SH, Beghi E, Helbok R. et al. Global Incidence of Neurological Manifestations Among Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 – A Report for the GCS-NeuroCOVID Consortium and the ENERGY Consortium. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4: e2112131 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.12131.
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 14 Heesakkers H, van der Hoeven JG, Corsten S. Clinical Outcomes Among Patients With 1-Year Survival Following Intensive Care Unit Treatment for COVID-19. JAMA 2022; 327: 559-565 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2022.0040.
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 15 Wahlgren C, Divanoglou A, Larsson M. et al. Rehabilitation needs following COVID-19: Five-month post-discharge clinical follow-up of individuals with concerning self-reported symptoms. EClinicalMedicine 2022; 43: 101219 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101219.
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 16 Kedor C, Freitag H, Meyer-Arndt L. et al. Chronic COVID-19 Syndrome and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) following the first pandemic wave in Germany – a first analysis of a prospective observational study. medRxiv 2021; DOI: 10.1101/2021.02.06.21249256.
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 17 Rass V, Beer R, Schiefecker AJ. et al. Neurological outcome and quality of life 3 months after COVID-19: A prospective observational cohort study. Eur J Neurol 2021; 28: 3348-3359 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14803.
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 18 Platz T. Hrsg. Update Neurorehabilitation 2022. Bad Honnef: Hippocampus Verlag; 2022
  Google Scholar
• 19 Boukhris M, Hillani A, Moroni F. et al. Cardiovascular Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Global Perspective. Can J Cardiol 2020; 36: 1068-1080 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2020.05.018.
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 20 Pecci C, Ajmal M. Cardiac Rehab in the COVID-19 Pandemic. Am J Med 2021; 134: 559-560 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.01.007.
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 21 Schlitt A, Bestehorn K, Schwaab B. Situation der kardiologischen Rehabilitation im Rahmen der COVID-19-Pandemie in Deutschland – eine Blitzumfrage der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Rehabilitation und Prävention von Herz-Kreislauferkrankungen (DGPR) zur aktuellen Situation (August 2020). Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes 2021; 164: 11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.zefq.2021.04.005.
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 22 Riley H, Stabile L, Wu WC. Transition to Home-Based Treatment Plans for Center-Based Cardiac, Pulmonary, and Vascular Rehabilitation during COVID-19. R I Med J (2013) 2020; 103: 30-33
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 23 Ramachandran HJ, Jiang Y, Tam WWS. et al. Effectiveness of home-based cardiac telerehabilitation as an alternative to Phase 2 cardiac rehabilitation of coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2021; 13: zwab106 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwab106.
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 24 S3-Leitlinie zur kardiologischen Rehabilitation (LL-KardReha) im deutschsprachigen Raum Europas, Deutschland, Österreich, Schweiz (D-A-CH). Langversion. AWMF-Registernummer 133-001; 07.01.2020. Im Internet (Stand: 16.05.2022): https://www.awmf.org/leitlinien/detail/ll/133-001.html
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 25 Langheim E, Kleinschmidt J, Köllner V. Psychokardiologische Rehabilitation. In: Köllner V, Bassler M. Praxishandbuch Psychosomatische Medizin in der Rehabilitation. München: Elsevier; 2021: 340-346
  Google Scholar
• 26 Köllner V, Kleinschmidt J. Bewegung(stherapie) als Ressource in der Psychosomatischen Medizin. Ärztliche Psychotherapie 2021; 16: 150-155 DOI: 10.21706/aep-16-3-150.
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 27 Schroth S, Köllner V. Akzeptanz- und Commitment Therapie (ACT) bei körperlichen Erkrankungen. Ärztliche Psychotherapie 2020; 15: 177-183
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar