Risk Factors of Hipertension and Diabetes Mellitus on COVID-19 Mortality

Rosihan Adhani; Deby Kania; Juli Harnida Purwaningayu; R. Harry Dharmawan Setyawardhana; Lisda Hayatie; Triawanti Triawanti; Husaini Husaini; Syamsul Arifin

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2022.6951

Authors

Rosihan Adhani Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
Deby Kania Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
Juli Harnida Purwaningayu Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
R. Harry Dharmawan Setyawardhana Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
Lisda Hayatie Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru, Indonesia
Triawanti Triawanti Department of Biochemistry and Biomolecular, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
Husaini Husaini Department of Public Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru, Indonesia
Syamsul Arifin Department of Healthy Administration and Policy Magister Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.6951

Keywords:

Hypertension, Diabetes mellitus, Mortality, COVID-19

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Case fatality rate (CFR) for global COVID-19 infections since June 14, 2021 was 2.17%, while CFR for Southest Asia were 1.39%. CFR in Indonesia so far were 3.05%. This missed from the target of the 2005-2025 RPJMK (Middle long run national health planning) in achieving healthy Indonesia; handling epidemic diseases must be able to reduce the mortality rate below 1%. The government issued the Decree of the Minister of Health Republic of Indonesia No. HK.01.07/Menkes/2020 concerning the Determination of Vaccine Types for the Management of COVID-19. However, the existence of this policy did not reduce the mortality rate trend of COVID-19 in Indonesia. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were the larger risk factors for COVID-19 mortality. Guo et al. 2020 found comorbid COVID-19 sufferers were hypertension 24.7% and diabetes mellitus 21.2%. However, Mikami et al., 2020 stated differently that hypertension and diabetes mellitus were not at risk of COVID-19 mortality.

AIM: Objective of this study was to estimate the average tendency of hypertension and diabetes mellitus as risk factor for COVID-19 mortality.

METHODS: Meta-analysis with 16 articles analyzed by RevMan 5.4.

RESULTS: pHR for hypertension was 1.15 (95% CI 1.00 - 1.32) and diabetes mellitus was 1.21 (95% CI 1.13 - 1.29).

CONCLUSION: Hypertension had risk 1.15 times and diabetes mellitus had risk 1.21 times for COVID-19 mortality.

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