Correo Electrónico
DNINFOA - SIA
Bibliotecas
Convocatorias
Identidad U.N.
Publicado
Cambios en la práctica de actividad física durante la pandemia por COVID-19
Changes in Physical Activity Practice during the COVID-19 Pandemic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v24n3.96380Palabras clave:
Actividad motora, conducta sedentaria, COVID-19, pandemias (es)Motor activity, sedentary behavior, COVID-19, pandemics (en)
Descargas
Objetivo Determinar los cambios en la práctica de actividad física durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en sujetos adultos.
Métodos Estudio de corte transversal en 812 adultos de la región caribe colombiana. Se aplicó una encuesta vía telefónica, la cual registró: edad, sexo, nivel educativo y estrato socioeconómico; a su vez, se aplicó el Cuestionario de Intención hacia la actividad física de Prochaska y Marcus para medir las etapas de cambio hacia la actividad física. Se indagó sobre el tiempo sentado al día frente a pantallas como televisión, computador y celular. Las mediciones se realizaron entre los meses mayo y julio de 2020. Se realizó una regresión logística binaria para determinar la relación entre los factores individuales y la práctica de actividad física durante la pandemia.
Resultados La proporción de personas que se categorizan en las tres primeras etapas de cambio aumentó de 65% en la medición antes de pandemia a 74,4% después de 4 meses de aislamiento social (p=0,0001). El promedio de horas al día en la población general frente al TV es de 2,7±2 horas; ante celulares, es de 3,8±2,8 horas, y 2,4±2,7 horas frente al computador. Las mujeres tuvieron mayor riesgo de no práctica de actividad física [OR 1,9 (IC 95% 1,4-2,7)], junto con las personas de nivel educativo bajo [OR 1,7 (IC 95% 1,2-2,4)] y las de edad mayor [OR 1,7 (IC 95% 1,3-2,4)].
Conclusión La pandemia por COVID-19 ha incrementado la inactividad física y los comportamientos sedentarios, los cuales varían según las características individuales.
Objective To determine the changes in the practice of physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic in adult subjects.
Methods Cross-sectional study in 812 adults from the Colombian Caribbean region. A survey was applied by telephone that measured age, sex, educational level and socioeconomic status; likewise, the Prochaska and Marcus Physical Activity Intention Questionnaire to measure stages of change towards physical activity was applied. The time spent sitting each day in front of screens such as television, computer, and cellphone was investigated. Measurements were made throughout the months of May to July 2020. A binary logistic regression was performed to determine the relationship between individual factors and the practice of physical activity during the pandemic.
Results The proportion of people who are categorized in the first three stages of change increased from 65% in the measurement before the pandemic to 74,4% after 4 months of social isolation (p=0,0001). The average hours a day in front of the TV for the general population is 2,7±2 hours; 3,8±2,8 hours in front of cellphones, and 2,4±2,7 hours in front of the computer. Women had a higher risk of not practicing physical activity [OR 1,9 (95% CI 1,4-2,7)], alongside people with a low educational level [OR 1,7 (95% CI 1,2-2,4)], and elderly people [OR 1,7 (95% CI 1,3-2,4)].
Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has increased physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors, which vary according to individual characteristics.
Referencias
World Health Organization. WHO Guidelines on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour. Ginebra: WHO; [Internet] 2020 [cited 2021 Aug 11]. https://bit.ly/3diZa0B.
López-Bueno R, Calatayud J, Andersen LL, Balsalobre-Fernández C, Casaña J, Casajús JA, Smith L, López-Sánchez GF. Immediate Impact of the COVID-19 Confinement on Physical Activity Levels in Spanish Adults. Sustainability. 2020; 12(14):5708. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145708. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145708
Warburton DER, Bredin SSD. Health Benefits of Physical Activity: A Systematic Review of Current Systematic Reviews. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2017; 32(5):541-56. https://doi.org/fh7b. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/HCO.0000000000000437
Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar. Encuesta Nacional de la Situación Nutricional en Colombia ENSIN 2015. Bogotá; [Internet] 2017 [cited 2021 Aug 11]. https://bit.ly/3C0Ugjc.
González S, Sarmiento OL, Lozano Ó, Ramírez A, Grijalba C. Niveles de actividad física de la población colombiana: desigualdades por sexo y condición socioeconómica. Biomédica. 2014; 34(3):447-59. https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v34i3.2258. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v34i3.2258
Ammar A, Brach M, Trabelsi K, Chtourou H, Boukhris O, Masmoudi L, et al. Effects of COVID-19 Home Confinement on Eating Behaviour and Physical Activity: Results of the ECLB-COVID19 International Online Survey. Nutrients. 2020; 12(6):1583. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061583. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061583
World Health Organization. Prevention and Control of NCDs at Core of COVID-19 Response. Copenhague: WHO; 2020.
Martinez-Ferran M, de la Guía-Galipienso F, Sanchis-Gomar F, Pareja-Galeano H. Metabolic Impacts of Confinement during the COVID-19 Pandemic due to Modified Diet and Physical Activity Habits. Nutrients. 2020; 12(6):1549. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061549. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061549
Shahidi SH, Stewart Williams J, Hassani F. Physical Activity during COVID-19 Quarantine. Acta Paediatr. 2020; 109(10):2147-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.15420. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.15420
Lesser IA, Nienhuis CP. The Impact of COVID-19 on Physical Activity Behavior and Well-Being of Canadians. Int J Environ Res Public Heal- th. 2020; 17(11):3899. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l4570. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113899
Mattioli AV, Sciomer S, Cocchi C, Maffei S, Gallina S. Quarantine during COVID-19 Outbreak: Changes in Diet and Physical Activity Increase the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2020; 30(9):1409-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113899. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2020.05.020
Thompson W. Worldwide Survey of Fitness Trends for 2019. ACSM's Health & Fitness Journal. 2018; [Internet] 22(6):10-7. https://bit.ly/3c60y6s. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1249/FIT.0000000000000438
Leyton M, Batista M, Lobato S, Jiménez R. Validación del cuestionario del modelo transteórico del cambio de ejercicio físico. Rev Int Med Cienc Act Fis Deporte. 2019; 19(74):329-50. https://doi.org/10.15366/rimcafd2019.74.010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15366/rimcafd2019.74.010
Sánchez-Sánchez E, Ramírez-Vargas G, Avellaneda-López Y, Orellana-Pecino JI, García-Marín E, Díaz-Jimenez J. Eating Habits and Physical Activity of the Spanish Population during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period. Nutrients. 2020; 12(9):2826. https://doi.org/gk6zm8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12092826
Romero-Blanco C, Rodríguez-Almagro J, Onieva-Zafra MD, Parra-Fernández ML, Prado-Laguna MDC, Hernández-Martínez A. Physical Activity and Sedentary Lifestyle in University Students: Changes during Confinement Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020; 17(18):6567.https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186567. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186567
Zheng C, Huang WY, Sheridan S, Sit CH, Chen XK, Wong SH. COVID-19 Pandemic Brings a Sedentary Lifestyle in Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020; 17(17):6035. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176035. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176035
Ekelund U, Brown WJ, Steene-Johannessen J, Fagerland MW, Owen N, Powell KE, et al. Do the Associations of Sedentary Behaviour with Cardiovascular Disease Mortality and Cancer Mortality Differ by Physical Activity Level? A Systematic Review and Harmonised Metaanalysis of Data from 850060 Participants. Br J Sports Med. 2019; 53(14):886-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-098963. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-098963
Ekelund U, Tarp J, Steene-Johannessen J, Hansen BH, Jefferis B, Fagerland MW, et al. Dose-Response Associations Between Accele- rometry Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time and All Cause Mortality: Systematic Review and Harmonised Meta-Analysis. BMJ. 2019; 366. https://doi.org/c9nw. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l4570
Katewongsa P, Widyastari DA, Saonuam P, Haemathulin N, Wongsingha N. The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Physical Activity of the Thai Population: Evidence from Thailand's Surveillance on Physical Activity 2020. J Sport Health Sci. 2020; 10(3):341-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.10.001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.10.001
Constandt B, Thibaut E, De Bosscher V, Scheerder J, Ricour M, Willem A. Exercising in Times of Lockdown: An Analysis of the Impact of COVID-19 on Levels and Patterns of Exercise among Adults in Belgium. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020; 17(11):4144. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12092826. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17114144
World Health Organization. Global action plan on physical activity 2018–2030: more active people for a healthier world. Ginebra: WHO; [Internet] 2018 [cited 2022 Aug 11]. https://bit.ly/3SHsFtb.
Cambronero M, Blasco J, Chiner E, Lucas-Cuevas Á. Motivos de participación de los estudiantes universitarios en actividades físico-deportivas. Rev Iberoam Psicol Ejerc Deporte. [Internet] 2015 [cited 2021 Aug 11]; 10(2):179-86. https://bit.ly/3pcBca5.
Gallo LA, Gallo TF, Young SL, Moritz K, Akison LA. The Impact of Isolation Measures Due to COVID-19 on Energy Intake and Physical Activity Levels in Australian University Students. Nutrients. 2020; 12(6):1865. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061865. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061865
Mera A, Tabares-Gonzalez E, Montoya-Gonzalez S, Muñoz-Rodríguez DI, Monsalve-Vélez F. Recomendaciones prácticas para evitar el desacondicionamiento físico durante el confinamiento por pandemia asociada a COVID-19. Universidad y Salud. 2020; 22(2):166-77. https://doi.org/10.22267/rus.202202.188. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22267/rus.202202.188
Cómo citar
APA
ACM
ACS
ABNT
Chicago
Harvard
IEEE
MLA
Turabian
Vancouver
Descargar cita
Licencia
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Esta revista provee acceso libre inmediato a su contenido bajo el principio de que hacer disponible gratuitamente investigación al publico apoya a un mayor intercambio de conocimiento global.
Todos los contenidos de esta revista, excepto dónde está identificado, están publicados bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
