Self-Screening as an Effort to Prevent the Risk of Exposure to COVID-19 in Pregnant Women
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.7914Keywords:
Self screening, Prevent, COVID-19, Pregnant, WomenAbstract
BACKGROUND: Pregnant women in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic were listed as one of the vulnerable groups at risk of being infected with COVID-19 because during pregnancy there were changes in gestational physiology and immunological changes in the body’s system. Changes in the immune system that occur during pregnancy can make pregnant women more susceptible to coronavirus infection and more at risk of experiencing severe and fatal disease symptoms.
AIM: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of self-screening on behavior to prevent the risk of being exposed to COVID-19 in pregnant women.
METHODS: This type of research is experimental using a randomized controlled trial research design. This research was conducted for 2 weeks in August–September 2021. The population of this study was pregnant women in Surabaya. The sampling technique used consecutive sampling technique and was divided into two groups, namely, the intervention group with 39 respondents and the control group with 39 respondents. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon signed ranks test with a significance value of p < 0.05. The questionnaire used in this study was designed using a reference and behavioral theory approach with a reliability of 0.89 and a validity test that obtained a Cronbach alpha value of 0.86.
RESULTS: The average behavior to prevent the risk of being exposed to COVID-19 before conducting a self-screening intervention in the intervention group was 1.92 (the behavior to prevent the risk of being exposed to COVID-19 was sufficient) and in the control group was 1.85 (the behavior to prevent the risk of being exposed to COVID-19 was sufficient) with p = 0.596 which means there is no difference in the average behavior to prevent the risk of being exposed to COVID-19, while after being given the self-screening intervention the average prevention behavior in the intervention group is 2.46 (the behavior to prevent the risk of being exposed to COVID-19 is good) and in the control group is 2.05 (the behavior of preventing the risk of being exposed to COVID-19 is good) with p = 0.000 which means that there is a difference in the average behavior of preventing the risk of being exposed to COVID-19 in the intervention group and the control group after being given a self-screening intervention.
CONCLUSION: In general, this study proves that self-screening can foster behavior to prevent the risk of being exposed to COVID-19 in pregnant women.Downloads
Metrics
Plum Analytics Artifact Widget Block
References
Singgih S, Sukartini T, Afiyah RK. Response of patients confirmed COVID-19 after undergoing treatment in the isolation room. J Keperawatan. 2021;13(3):619-28.
Afiyah RK, Kamariyah N, Wijayanti L, Yhusnain JR. Fulfillment of exercise needs among pregnant women during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Nurse Holistic Care. 2021;1(2):89-97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33086/nhc.v1i2.2276
Berghella V. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Pregnancy Issues. Massachusetts, United States: UpToDate Internet; 2020.
Belingheri M, Paladino ME, Riva MA. Risk exposure to Coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnant healthcare workers. J Occup Environ Med. 2020;62(7):e370. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001881 PMid:32730041 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001881
Omer S, Ali S. Preventive measures and management of COVID-19 in pregnancy. Drugs Ther Perspect. 2020;36(6):246-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40267-020-00725-x PMid:32292265 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40267-020-00725-x
Yang H, Wang C, Poon LC. Novel coronavirus infection and pregnancy. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2020;55(4):435-7. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.22006 PMid:32134165 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.22006
Ahorsu DK, Imani V, Lin CY, Timpka T, Broström A, Updegraff JA, et al. Associations between fear of COVID-19, mental health, and preventive behaviours across pregnant women and husbands: An actor-partner interdependence modelling. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2020; 11:1-5. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00340-x PMid:32837427 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00340-x
London V, McLaren R Jr., Atallah F, Cepeda C, McCalla S, Fisher N, et al. The relationship between status at presentation and outcomes among pregnant women with COVID-19. Am J Perinatol. 2020;37(10):991-4. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1712164 PMid:32428964 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1712164
Nwafor JI, Aniukwu JK, Anozie BO, Ikeotuonye AC. Knowledge and Practice of Preventive Measures Against COVID-19 Infection among Pregnant Women in a Low-Resource African Setting, MedRxiv; 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.15.20066894
Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, Luo F, Yu X, Zhang W, et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: A retrospective review of medical records. Lancet. 2020;395(10226):809-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30360-3 PMid:32151335 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30360-3
Fesler MC, Stricker RB. Pre-exposure prophylaxis for COVID-19 in pregnant women. Int J Gen Med. 2021;14:279-84. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S295627 PMid:33542646 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S295627
Rasmussen SA, Kelley CF, Horton JP, Jamieson DJ. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines and pregnancy: What obstetricians need to know. Obstet Gynecol. 2021;137(3):408-14. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000004290 PMid:33370015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000004290
Chawla D, Chirla D, Dalwai S, Deorari AK, Ganatra A, Gandhi A, et al. Perinatal-neonatal management of COVID-19 infection-guidelines of the Federation of Obstetric and Gynaecological Societies of India (FOGSI), National Neonatology Forum of India (NNF), and Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP). Indian Pediatr. 2020;57(6):536-48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-020-1852-4 PMid:32238615 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-020-1852-4
Vardhelli V, Pandita A, Pillai A, Badatya SK. Perinatal COVID-19: Review of current evidence and practical approach towards prevention and management. Eur J Pediatr. 2021;180(4):1009-31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-020-03866-3 PMid:33184730 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-020-03866-3
Durankuş F, Aksu E. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and depressive symptoms in pregnant women: A preliminary study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022;35(2):205-11. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2020.1763946 PMid:32419558 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2020.1763946
Craig AM, Hughes BL, Swamy GK. Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 2021;3(2):100295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajogmf.2020.100295 PMid:33516986 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajogmf.2020.100295
Dashraath P, Wong JL, Lim MX, Lim LM, Li S, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020;222(6):521-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.03.021 PMid:32217113 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.03.021
Villar J, Ariff S, Gunier RB, Thiruvengadam R, Rauch S, Kholin A, et al. Maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality among pregnant women with and without COVID-19 infection: The INTERCOVID multinational cohort study. JAMA Pediatr. 2021;175(8):817-26. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.1050 PMid:33885740 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.1050
Woodworth KR, Olsen EO, Neelam V, Lewis EL, Galang RR, Oduyebo T, et al. Birth and infant outcomes following laboratoryconfirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy-SET-NET, 16 jurisdictions, March 29-October 14, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020;69(44):1635-40. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6944e2 PMid:33151917 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6944e2
Wu D, Fang D, Wang R, Deng D, Liao S. Management of pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Glob Chall. 2021;5(2):2000052. https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202000052 PMid:33173591 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202000052
Rasmussen SA, Smulian JC, Lednicky JA, Wen TS, Jamieson DJ. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pregnancy: What obstetricians need to know. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020;222(5):415-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.02.017 PMid:32105680 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.02.017
Poon LC, Yang H, Kapur A, Melamed N, Dao B, Divakar H, et al. Global interim guidance on Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during pregnancy and puerperium from FIGO and allied partners: Information for healthcare professionals. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2020;149(3):273-86. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13156 PMid:32248521 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13156
Boelig RC, Manuck T, Oliver EA, di Mascio D, Saccone G, Bellussi F, et al. Labor and delivery guidance for COVID-19. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 2020;2(2):100110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajogmf.2020.100110 PMid:32518901 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajogmf.2020.100110
Poon LC, Yang H, Lee JC, Copel JA, Leung TY, Zhang Y, et al. ISUOG Interim Guidance on 2019 novel Coronavirus infection during pregnancy and puerperium: Information for healthcare professionals. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2020;55(5):700-8. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.22013 PMid:3216034 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.22013
Asadi L, Tabatabaei RS, Safinejad H, Mohammadi M. New Corona virus (COVID-19) management in pregnancy and childbirth. Arch Clin Infect Dis. 2020;15:e102938.https://doi.org/10.5812/archcid.102938 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5812/archcid.102938
Ryan GA, Purandare NC, McAuliffe FM, Hod M, Purandare CN. Clinical update on COVID-19 in pregnancy: A review article. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2020;46(8):1235-45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.14321
Farrell R, Michie M, Pope R. Pregnant women in trials of COVID-19: A critical time to consider ethical frameworks of inclusion in clinical trials. Ethics Hum Res. 2020;42(4):17-23. https://doi.org/10.1002/eahr.500060 PMid:32562594 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/eahr.500060
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Raden Khairiyatul Afiyah, Farida Umamah, Ratna Yunita Sari, Siti Nur Hasina, Sulistyorini Sulistyorini, Budi Prasetyo, Supatmi Supatmi (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
