Mudanças alimentares na coorte NutriNet Brasil durante a pandemia de covid-19

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002950

Keywords:

Coronavirus infections, Food Consumption, Whole Foods, Industrialized Foods

Abstract

OBJECTIVE To describe the dietary characteristics of participants in the NutriNet Brasil cohort immediately before and during the covid-19 pandemic. METHODS Our data stem from an adult cohort created to prospectively investigate the relationship between diet and morbidity and mortality from chronic non-communicable diseases in Brazil. For this study, we selected the first participants (n = 10,116) who answered twice to a simplified questionnaire on their diet the day before, the first time when entering the study, between January 26 and February 15, 2020, and the second between May 10 and 19, 2020. The questionnaire inquiries about the consumption of healthy (vegetables, fruits and legumes) and unhealthy (ultra-processed foods) eating markers. Comparisons of indicators based on the consumption of these markers before and during the pandemic are presented for the study population and according to gender, age group, macro-region of residence and schooling. Chi-square tests and t-tests were used to compare proportions and means, respectively, adopting p < 0.05 to identify significant differences. RESULTS For all participants, we found a modest but statistically significant increase in the consumption of healthy eating markers and stability in the consumption of unhealthy food markers. This favorable pattern of dietary changes during the pandemic occurred in most sociodemographic strata. We observed a less favorable changing pattern, with a tendency to increasing consumption of healthy and unhealthy food markers, in the Northeast and North macro-regions and among people with less schooling, suggesting social inequalities in the response to the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS If confirmed, the trend of increased consumption of ultra-processed foods in underdeveloped regions and by people with less schooling is concerning, as eating these foods increases the risk of obesity, hypertension and diabetes, whose presence increases the severity and lethality of covid-19.

References

Inloco. Mapa brasileiro da COVID-19. Recife, PE; 2020 [cited 2020 May 25]. Available from: https://mapabrasileirodacovid.inloco.com.br/pt/?hsCtaTracking=68943485-8e65-4d6f-8ac0-af7c3ce710a2%7C45448575-c1a6-42c8-86d9-c68a42fa3fcc

Andrade GC, Gombi-Vaca MF, Louzada MLC, Azeredo CM, Levy RB. The consumption of ultra-processed foods according to eating out occasions. Public Health Nutr. 2020 ;22(6):1041-8. https://doi.org//10.1017/S1368980019002623

Williamson EJ, Walker AJ, Bhaskaran K, Bacon S, Bates C, Morton CE, et al. Open SAFELY: factors associated with COVID-19 death in 17 million patients. Nature. 2020 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2521-4

Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Núcleo de Pesquisas Epidemiológicas em Nutrição e Saúde. Estudo NutriNet Brasil: você pode ajudar a promover a saúde da população brasileira. São Paulo: Nupens/USP; c2018-2020. [cited 2020 Jul 17]. Available from: https://nutrinetbrasil.fsp.usp.br

Ministério da Saúde (BR), Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Departamento de Análise em Saúde e Vigilância de Doenças Não Transmissíveis. Vigitel Brasil 2019: vigilância de fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas por inquérito telefônico: estimativas sobre frequência e distribuição sociodemográfica de fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas nas capitais dos 26 estados brasileiros e no Distrito Federal em 2019. Brasília, DC; 2020.

Ministério da Saúde. Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS). Rio de Janeiro: IBGE; [cited 2020 Jul 17]. Available from: https://www.saude.gov.br/vigilancia-em-saude/vigilancia-de-doencas-cronicas-nao-transmissiveis-dcnt/pesquisa-nacional-de-saude-pns

Ministério da Saúde. Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE). 2019 [cited 2020 Jul 17]. Available from: https://www.saude.gov.br/artigos/911-indicadores-de-saude/41425-pesquisa-nacional-de-saude-do-escolar-pense

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Censo 2010. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE; 2010 [cited 2020 Jul 17]. Available from: https://censo2010.ibge.gov.br

Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. ConVid Adolescentes: pesquisa de Comportamentos. Rio de Janeiro: Fiocruz; 2020 [cited 2020 Jul 17]. Available from: https://convid.fiocruz.br

Elizabeth L, Machado P, Zinöcker M, Baker P, Lawrence M. Ultra-processed foods and health outcomes: a narrative review. Nutrients. 2020 ;12(7):1955. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12071955

White M, Nieto C, Barquera S. Good deeds and cheap marketing: the food industry in the times of COVID-19. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2020 . https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.22910

Fagerberg P, Langlet B, Oravsky A, Sandborg J, Löf M, Ioakimidis I. Ultra-processed food advertisements dominate the food advertising landscape in two Stockholm areas with low vs high socioeconomic status. Is it time for regulatory action? BMC Public Health. 2019 ;19(1):1717. https://10.1186/s12889-019-8090-5

Godlee F. Covid-19: What we eat matters all the more now. BMJ. 2020 ;370:m2840. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m2840

Published

2020-09-17

Issue

Section

Original Articles

How to Cite

Mudanças alimentares na coorte NutriNet Brasil durante a pandemia de covid-19. (2020). Revista De Saúde Pública, 54, 91. https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002950

Funding data