El papel de la nanociencia y la nanotecnología en el marco de la pandemia de COVID-19

  • Juan Carlos Durán Álvarez Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología
  • Carolina Martínez Avelar Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología
  • Daniel Mejía Almaguer Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología
Palabras clave: diagnóstico, nanopartículas, resonancia del plasmón de superficie, SARS-CoV-2, vacuna

Resumen

En diciembre de 2019 surge en China el virus SARS-CoV-2, causante de la enfermedad COVID-19, un síndrome respiratorio agudo severo. Este virus resultó más contagioso que sus predecesores, lo que desató una pandemia tras cuatro meses del primer caso reportado. De cara a ello se prioriza el desarrollo de un tratamiento y una vacuna, así como la optimización de los métodos de diagnóstico. Este artículo de revisión explora los esfuerzos que se han hecho desde la nanociencia y la nanotecnología para mejorar los métodos de diagnóstico con el fin de incrementar su sensibilidad, selectividad y confianza. Se muestra como se ha aprovechado la resonancia del plasmón de superficie (RPS) para mejorar y miniaturizar a los sistemas de medición. Finalmente, se muestra el desarrollo de una potencial vacuna basada en nanomateriales y ARN mensajero, explicando los métodos de síntesis, la formulación y el mecanismo de acción. De acuerdo con la información disponible, es posible que esta vacuna logre una inmunización eficiente contra el SARS-CoV-2, lo que sería uno de los mayores hitos en los campos de la nanociencia y la nanotecnología.

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Publicado
2020-06-11
Cómo citar
Durán Álvarez, J., Martínez Avelar, C., & Mejía Almaguer, D. (2020). El papel de la nanociencia y la nanotecnología en el marco de la pandemia de COVID-19. Mundo Nano. Revista Interdisciplinaria En Nanociencias Y Nanotecnología, 14(27), 1e-29e. https://doi.org/10.22201/ceiich.24485691e.2021.27.69647