Analysis of the molecular mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.06.001Get rights and content

Highlights

  • The binding sites of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies are elaborated with ACE2.

  • Neutralized antibodies are grouped according to their epitopes.

  • The mechanisms of neutralizing activity mediated by these antibodies are reviewed.

  • Potential strategies for more effective vaccine design are proposed.

Abstract

A newly-emergent beta-coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, rapidly has become a pandemic since 2020. It is a serious respiratory disease and caused more than 100 million of deaths in the world. WHO named it COVIA-19 and there is no effective targeted drug for it. The main treatment strategies include chemical medicine, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and biologics. Due to SARS-CoV-2 uses the spike proteins (S proteins) on its envelope to infect human cells, monoclonal antibodies that neutralize the S protein have become one of the hot research areas in the current research and treatment of SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we reviewed the antibodies that have been reported to have neutralizing activity against the SARS-CoV-2 infection. According to their different binding epitope regions in RBD or NTD, they are classified, and the mechanism of the representative antibodies in each category is discussed in depth, which provides potential foundation for future antibody and vaccine therapy and the development of antibody cocktails against SARS-CoV-2 mutants.

Keywords

SARS-CoV-2
Antibody
Mechanism
Receptor binding domain (RBD)
Epitopes

Abbreviations

SARS-CoV-2
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
Acs
antibody cocktails

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