CONTENTS Adam Bodnar A Journey Into the Unknown? Global and National Human Rights Implications of the Pandemic András Bozóki After Orwell: Some Thoughts on the Post-Pandemic World Joanna Furmańczyk, Jerzy Kaźmierczyk Economic, Psychological, and Social Consequences of the Covid-19 Pandemic Viktoria Golovei, Nataliia Stoliarchuk, Tamila Prigoda Culture, Arts and Media During and Post the Covid-19 Pandemic Maria Groenwald The World After the Pandemic Will Be Different. Will Education Change? Marcin Hintz Global Christian Responsibility in the Activity of the Lutheran World Federation in the Time of Coronavirus Pandemic Valentyna Hodlevska Epidemics in the History of Humanity and Their Consequences Torbjørn L. Knutsen International Relations in the Time of Corona Daniela La Foresta The Covid-19 Pandemic in Italy: Regional Comparisons Matúš Mesarčík Digital surveillance in the times of COVID-19: Lessons from Slovakia Ryszard Minkiewicz, Margot Stańczyk-Minkiewicz Art and Culture During the Pandemic. Reflections on the Current Situation of Art in Poland Arkadiusz Modrzejewski Truth in the Pandemic and Post-Pandemic Reality. Moral and Political Considerations Urszula Soler The World of New, Virtual Trends – Central Europe Societies Touched by Covid-19 Andrei Taranu The Intermediate Reality Tomasz Widłak The Right to Health, Global Solidarism and International Law’s Constitutional Momentum in the Age of Covid-19

Background and Aim of Study: Nowadays the whole human race is undergoing a crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, whose duration and consequences are difficult to forecast. In the face of the real danger we begin redefining conceptual bases of mankind, as well as the role of the state as a guarantor of the health safety of its citizens and the world community. The aim of the study: to explore the influence of different approaches to solving the pandemic problem in Ukraine, Singapore, and China on the indicators of COVID-19 dynamics. Material and Methods: A complex of methods was used: theoretical – factor-criterion analysis, abstraction, comparison, synthesis, systematisation, generalisation; empirical – observational methods (systematic observation); methods of mathematical analysis. Results: The study of the indicators dynamics showed that different approaches to solving the pandemic problem in Ukraine and Singapore had significant differences. Compared to Singapore in Ukraine for 4 months in 2020, the number of COVID-19 cases is 22.5 times higher, the number of recovered is only 6.5 times higher, and the number of deaths is multiple times higher: 2908.5 times. The connection between the dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic (cases, recovered, deaths) in Ukraine, Singapore, China and the measures taken by the governments of these countries, as well as the personal responsibility of the population, was determined in the study. Conclusions: The infection which appeared in one country can transform into a global world problem in a matter of seconds. Responsible policy and practice instead of manipulation and bureaucracy are able to protect people of the risk group and create favourable conditions for life activity of those who do not belong to this group. Important factors in successfully overcoming the pandemic is the personal responsibility of citizens and health culture of the population.

The following points are an initial assessment of the situation caused by the pandemic. These considerations are as narrow as possible and will be followed by more detailed and documented action. 1) The pandemic of the new coronavirus is causing a very serious world social crisis with completely new features. Very quickly and in all continents the daily life of many hundreds of millions of people is being disrupted, and the process continues. This is a total social fact, involving all dimensions of social life. One way to describe the situation is that social relationships seem to be suspended, frozen. In other historical situations, a total crisis of social relations is the product of war or revolution or economic collapse. In this case, causality is reversed, because the detonator appears to be something external to social relations. But this is not so: the virus is a natural agent, but the pandemic is a social product. 2) The spectacularization of the pandemic is decisive in shaping its mass perception, of which the compression of individual and social space-time is an essential aspect. Beyond any doubt, this has the effect of focusing attention on the current emergency and individual survival while neglecting the pre-existing causes of the pandemic and feeding the idea that "we all are in the same boat", creating an atmosphere of patriotic union. However, the self-defence reaction to the spectacularization, which, among leftists, tends to be to minimize the health risk, was completely wrong and in a few days became intolerably irresponsible and politically suicidal. The pandemic is a real fact and its risks are very real. It is not the so-called "Spanish flu" but, equally certainly, it is not "a flu like others". 3) The pandemic was not an unlikely or unpredictable event, which could fall into the category of the "black swan". It had been announced by other important epidemics ("avian", "swine", Mers, only to indicate epidemics known to the general public) and it is at least since the early nineties of the last century that specialists have acknowledged the emergence of new diseases and the re-emergence of others that were considered confined. The lethality rate of the new coronavirus is undoubtedly much lower than can be inferred from the ratio between clinically proven cases and declared deaths, because the infected are much more numerous: I do not know how much, but I would not be surprised if they were about ten times more than the official cases. However, there is also no doubt that the lethality of the coronavirus is much higher than that of a normal seasonal flu (whose direct and indirect lethality is 0.1%) and that the deaths as a result of the pandemic are much more numerous than those declared: those who live in Bergamo realize it easily, just by talking to friends and acquaintances. For an easily transmissible virus, a lethality of 2% is extremely dangerous (out of a million infected implies 20 thousand deaths); but on large numbers even a lethality of 0.5% can produce many thousands of fatalities and an excess of mortality, as it's happening (the value indicated is only an example; but it is possible that it is close to the real lethality of the coronavirus). It is clear that the actual lethality of an epidemic-all the more so when a vaccine is missing-also depends on the timeliness, extent and consistency of the containment measures taken. It must also be clear that this pandemic is not merely a natural phenomenon but that it is the product of the interaction between human activity and the environment; and that the tragedy could have been avoided by timely and well-targeted measures and by preparing the material means to deal with an emergency. The crux of the matter is that all major changes in society bring about ecological changes which, in turn, lead to the emergence and re-emergence of diseases. Viruses evolve with society and changes

The COVID-19 pandemic has transformed the whole world and continues to transform. The effects of the pandemic have the nature to affect humanity in many ways. Education, health, economy, trade, international relations, political science, the future of institutions, human psychology, sociological transformations, ethical issues are the areas where the effects of the pandemic are felt. In addition, food safety, environment, space and polar studies show that there will be new developments in the new period. Moreover, the entertainment, media and sports sectors have also started to transform after the effect of the pandemic with the technological developments. The reflections on the pandemic are handled in a multidimensional way as mentioned in the book titled as “Reflections on the Pandemic in the Future of the World”. The parts/articles in the book include predictions about the transformations expected to occur in the post-pandemic period. The book has been published by TÜBA and edited by TÜBA President Prof. Muzaffer Şeker, Coronavirus Scientific Advisory Board and TÜBA Associate Member Prof. Ali Özer and Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty Member Dr. Cem Korkut It is one of the works that deal with the subject in the broadest scope.

The Covid-19 pandemic has further intensified a crisis in the functions and the perception of the state. It has also revealed underlying contradictions in both mainstream and radical ideologies of the state. A desire for the state as guarantor of public welfare vies with fear of the state’s hypertrophic capacities for surveillance and control. Following a brief exploration of the intimate modern connection between plagues and the state, the article tries to map some of the ways in which the state has been at stake in political and theoretical commentaries on the pandemic. Is an epidemiological politics from below, beyond the plague state, possible? Can recent emergency measures be seen as incomplete or inverted anticipations of a communist use of the state of exception? Or is the primacy of the political we are currently experiencing a mere fetish, indissociable from the rule of capital?

In the case of the COVID-19 pandemic, there are some signs of a shift of paradigm, including the sudden disappearance of the wall ideology: a cough was enough to suddenly make it impossible to avoid the responsibility that each individual has towards all living beings for the simple fact that it is part of this world, and of the desire to be part of it. The whole is always involved in part, because everything is, in a sense, in everything and in nature there are no autonomous regions that are an exception. The virus seems to restore the supremacy that once belonged to politics. One of the virtues of the virus is its ability to generate a more sober idea of freedom: to be free means to do what needs to be done in a specific situation. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.20745.67681

The article is devoted to the analysis of changes in society during and after the coronavirus pandemic. The general features of epidemics and pandemics in the human history have been considered, the similarity of the main forms and methods of fighting against pandemics accumulated by society in different periods of history has been shown. Some trends in the development of modern society have been outlined and described, which could be seen even before the COVID-19 pandemic that has become their catalyst and intensified their manifestation. In other words, it has become the impetus for their further development. In particular, the transformation of society into an information and knowledge society; reorientation of the economy and business in the context of COVID-19; the changing role of the labor force and the labor market; character in social connections and communications; the phenomenon of social responsibility of citizens, business and the state in a pandemic; changes in the nat...