Sumerianz Journal of Medical and Healthcare

    
Online ISSN: 2663-421X
Print ISSN: 2706-8404

Quarterly Published (4 Issues Per Year)

Journal Website: https://www.sumerianz.com/?ic=journal-home&journal=31

Archive

Volume 4 Issue 1 (2021)

Analysis of Cuorum Sensing-Dependent Virulence Factors and Drug Resistance in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Strains

Authors : José de Jesús Alba-Romero ; Pablo Ruiz-Flores ; Graciela Castro-Escarpulli ; Sandra Isabel Hernández-González ; Aurora Martínez-Romero ; José Luis Ortega-Sanchez
DOI : doi.org/10.47752/sjmh.41.49.54
Abstract:
The objective was to analyze the virulence factors dependent on Cuorum Sensing and drug resistance in strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Virulence factors such as pyocyanin, beta-lactamase, biofilm, and antibiotic resistance were determined in 95 strains of P. aeruginosa isolated from hospitalized patients. Genus and species were identified by protein analysis by MALDI-TOF. 100% of the strains were resistant to at least one drug and the highest proportion was 32 strains resistant to 4 drugs and 5 resistant PAM strains. In the analysis of virulence factors, 98.8% produce at least one virulence factor and 48.9% are beta-lactamase producers. Therefore, it is concluded that P. aeruginosa strains isolated from clinical samples constitute a risk factor for hospitalized patients.

Pages: 49-54

Prevalence of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Among Children Age Groups

Authors : Saber A. M. El-Sayed ; Mostafa Mohey Ahmady ; Bashir Abdalla Hassan
DOI : doi.org/10.47752/sjmh.41.43.48
Abstract:
In our study prevalence of coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) among Children age groups, by diagnosis, symptoms, and treatment of COVID-19 in children. The incidence of COVID-19 among children under 18 years was 1.8 % based on the reported studies, where the mortality rate in the same age group was 0.3 %. No death has been reported in children under 10-years old. It has also been reported that the case fatality rates for the age groups of 0-9 years and 10-19 years are zero and 0.2%, respectively. Cai, et al. [1] There are some studies that report children with COVID-19 having rashes, symptoms and signs similar to Kawasaki’s disease. Heart complications were observed in these cases of Kawasaki’s disease. the levels of bilirubin and hepatic enzymes are the best markers for diagnosing the severity of the disease in the affected children. Large number of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors on cell surfaces, effective innate immune system, and high level of blood lymphocyte have been reported to be the potent reasons for lower incidence of severe symptoms of COVID-19 among children. Children with severe COVID-19 clinical symptoms, especially those suffering from upper respiratory tract symptoms and signs and pneumonia, also children with gastrointestinal tract symptoms and signs as vomiting and diarrhea must be hospitalized similar to adults, while quarantine and home isolations are required for those having mild symptoms. Antiviral medication (Remdesivir, darunavir, ribavirin, oseltamivir, tocilizumab, umifenovir and favipiravir,) ACE inhibitors, interferon-α 2b, co-therapy with azithromycin, inhaling iNO, inhaled bronchodilators and oxygen therapy can be used for treatment. The best treatment for affected children without any clinical and infection symptoms, home isolation protocol has been recommended.

Pages: 43-48

A Novelistic Biomaterial from Natural Source: its Isolation and Physico-Chemical Characterization

Authors : Sushant Kumar ; N. V. Satheesh Madhav ; Anurag Verma ; Kamla Pathak ; Swarnima Pandey
DOI : doi.org/10.47752/sjmh.41.35.42
Abstract:
The objective of this research was to isolate the biomaterial from Juglans regia and explore its different inbuilt polymeric properties by performing different physico-chemical analysis. As we know there are a number of polymers available and frequently used in design and delivery of novel drug targeting tool or carrier systems. But isolated biomaterial from natural source have proved about their novelistic different properties like biodegradable, bioretardant, bioadhesive, filmability etc. These properties are the key factor in design the novel drug targeting tool. So these polymeric properties identified in the natural source biomaterials have drawn the attention of researchers. So in this study the isolated biomaterial was subjected to various physicochemical evaluations along with spectral analysis including UV, FT-IR, Mass and 1H NMR, SEM, rheological characteristics and cell-line toxicity study The isolated biomaterial was found tom be  polymeric in nature  having a numerous functional properties. On the basis of its inbuilt polymeric properties, the biomaterial isolated from Juglan regia seed, can be used as an alternative to available standard polymers at very economical scale. The isolated biopolymer consisted of a unique polymeric properties similar to available standard polymers.

Pages: 35-42

Women's Sexual Distress Associated With Cervical Cancer

Authors : Hagar Masaud ; Hanan Elzeblawy Hassan ; Ragaa Mohammed ; Soad Ramadan
DOI : doi.org/10.47752/sjmh.41.28.34
Abstract:
Background: Sexual distress impacts women’s mental well-being. Anger/aggression, separation, divorce, and depression may be results of sexual distress. It harms woman’s mental health, in turn, impact the relationship between spouses. Aim: The present study aimed to assess women’s sexual distress associated with cervical cancer. Methods; Design: A descriptive design was used for the current study. Setting: out-patient clinic in the oncology unit at Beni-Suef University Hospital. Subjects: A purposive sample of 70 women. Tools: Data was collected through a structured interviewing questionnaire sheet, female sexual distress scale. Results: The results of the study revealed that 35.7% of women were in the 1st degree when diagnosed, 88.6% of the studied women had sexual distress. There was a statistically significant relationship between the educational level of women, marriage age, and their total sexual distress scores, while there was no relationship between age and residence of women and their total sexual distress scores. Conclusion: Sexual distress was more prevalent among older, less educated, urban dwellers, and those whose age of marriage was less than 20 years old. Recommendations: Preparing health classes for cervical cancer women regarding sexual distress following cervical cancer.

Pages: 28-34

Salivary Inflammatory Mediators in Cancer Diagnosis

Authors : Mohammad F. Bayan ; Hala M. Sbaih ; Mohamed J. Saadh
DOI : doi.org/10.47752/sjmh.41.23.27
Abstract:
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide; it can be successfully treated in the early stages. Screening for cancer should be performed in safe, accurate, cost-effective, and non-invasive techniques and therefore achieved the patient convenience. The salivary diagnosis could be a promising era in oncological fields, which have some correlations with serum biomarkers in certain cancers. In this paper, we reviewed some of the salivary biomarkers in detecting different cancers and their origins [genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics, and microbiota].

Pages: 23-27

Sociodemographic Determinants of the Level of Knowledge of Prostate Cancer and Prostate Cancer Screening Services among Patients Attending a Secondary Health Facility in Southern Nigeria

Authors : Friday Emeakpor Ogbetere ; Yemihan Nwannebuife Ogbetere
DOI : doi.org/10.47752/sjmh.41.15.22
Abstract:
Background: Late presentation of prostate cancer is rampant in sub-Saharan Africa with attendant high morbidity and mortality. A good knowledge level of prostate cancer and prostate cancer screening services is paramount in preventing late presentation and its management challenges. This study assesses the sociodemographic factors affecting the knowledge level of prostate cancer and prostate cancer screening tools and services among patients attending a secondary health facility in southern Nigeria. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study amongst men aged 40 years and above attending the general outpatient, surgical outpatient, and medical outpatient clinics in Central Hospital, Auchi, southern Nigeria.  A pretested and structured questionnaire was used. Sociodemographic determinants of the knowledge level of prostate cancer and prostate cancer screening were determined based on responses to the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: A total of 143 men participated in this study. Respondents’ age range was between 40 to 98 years with a mean age of 58.91±13.55 years. Overall, 55(38.5%) respondents had good knowledge of prostate cancer while 43(30.1%) had good knowledge of prostate cancer screening. A third (31.2%) think they are at risk of developing prostate cancer, only 9.1% had been screened for prostate cancer. In all, 86.7% of respondents were willing to know more and to be screened in the future. Whereas, age, occupation, average monthly income, and level of education were the statistically significant sociodemographic predictors of level of knowledge of prostate cancer, the only factors that influenced the level of knowledge of prostate cancer screening services were occupation and educational status. Conclusion: Knowledge level about prostate cancer disease and prostate cancer screening services was low among men attending outpatient clinics in Auchi Central Hospital. Respondents’ age, occupation, average monthly income, and level of education significantly affect their prostate cancer knowledge level while knowledge of prostate cancer screening services was determined by the occupation and educational status of the respondents. Interventional campaigns aimed at increasing the knowledge level about prostate cancer and screening services are urgently required.

Pages: 15-22

Generalities About Caring Mental Illness and Impact on Family Caregivers in Chinese Community: A Ten Years Narrative Review Study

Authors : Nkundimana Balthazar ; Xu Xiaoming ; Prof. Kuang Li ; Fei Gao ; Jiglan He ; Hui Pang ; Yuxue Zhang ; Zhou Yi ; Sanjay Kumar Sah
DOI : doi.org/10.47752/sjhm.41.5.14
Abstract:
Background: Worldwide, the burden of mental health is increasing day by day. The WHO alerts countries that diseases caused by mental health will occupy the second rank on the rest of non-communicable diseases. The increase of mental diseases is always associated with the increase of multiple challenges in primary caregivers who are mostly family members of the patient. China is one of nations with high prevalence of mental health disorders. Like many other countries caregiving mental health in china would have challenges and opportunities. This study aimed to narratively combine studies on family caregivers of psychiatric illness in China thereby making an objective conclusion Methods:  A matrix method was narratively used in this study. Studies conducted in Chinese community which includes studies in main land China, Hong Kong and Taiwan conducted in the period between 2008-2019 were considered. 47 studies were considered for analysis and five main themes were found for consideration. Results: The findings in this study are summarized in the following themes 1. High burden and burnout of care and influencing factors, 2.  The high stigma of caregivers 3. The low quality of life of caregivers 4. the social support. 5. Care and intervention for caregivers of psychiatric disorders. Conclusion: caregivers of psychiatric illness in Chinese community face challenges that are in some cases different to the rest of the world however there are many similarities with the rest of the world that are found. To overcome these challenges, all parties are called to play its assigned role in the eradication of these challenges. There is a need of strengthening the available opportunities and the common understanding of the problem is required in Chinese community.

Pages: 5-14

Studies on Some Serum Immunoglobulin Levels in Heart Failure Subjects in Owerri Imo State

Authors : Edward Ukamaka ; Ibe Prisca Nwamaka ; Nnodim Johnkennedy ; Ohalete Chinyere Ngozi ; Njoku-Obi Treasure
DOI : doi.org/10.47752/sjmh.41.1.4
Abstract:
Studies on some serum immunoglobulin levels in heart failure subjects in Owerri, Imo state was carried out. Heart failure has a high risk of mortality and morbidity in Nigeria, there is need to study, if there are alterations in antibody response. A total of 60 subjects within the age 25-65 years were recruited for this study. The study comprised of 30 subjects who were diagnosed of heart failure consisting of 15 males and 15 females, 30 were apparently healthy individuals who served as controls subjects. Immunoglobulin M, G and E was analysed using ELISA technique. Data was assessed using SPSS version 20, the mean value with P˂ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The serum level of immunoglobulin M in heart failure subjects (0.22±0.14µg/ml) was statistically significantly lower (P=0.001) when compared with control subjects (1.50±1.95). The serum level of immunoglobulin G and E of heart failure subjects (5.17±1.10mg/ml and 0.24±0.12µg/ml) was statistically significantly lower (P=0.000) than that of the control (9.27±1.67mg/ml and 0.74±0.16 µg/ml).The mean value of Immunoglobulin M of female heart failure subjects (0.25±0.14 µg/ml) was not statistically significantly higher (P=0.121)  than the male heart failure subjects (0.18±0.14 µg/ml).The  mean value of Immunoglobulin G in female heart failure subjects (5.09±1.43mg/ml) was not statistically significantly lower (P=0.666) when compared with male heart failure subjects (5.24±0.68mg/ml). The mean value of Immunoglobulin E in female heart failure subjects (0.26±0.11µg/ml) was higher which is not statistically significant (P=0.373) when compared with male heart failure subjects (0.22±0.13 µg/ml). In conclusion, reduced serum level of IgM, IgG and IgE in heart failure subjects may be due to some humoral immunodeficiency which occurs as a result of insufficient number of circulatory B cells to differentiate into antibodies.

Pages: 1-4