Statistical Considerations when Communicating Health Risks: Experiences from Canada, Chile, Ecuador and England Facing COVID-19

Authors

  • Shrikant I. Bangdiwala Institute for Social and Health Sciences, University of South Africa
  • Andrea Gómez Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile
  • María José Monsalves Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile
  • Yasna Palmeiro School of Nursing, Universidad de los Andes

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25159/2957-3645/10332

Keywords:

Risk Assessment, Health Indicators, Probability, Uncertainty, Statistical Literacy, Flattening the Curve, Lockdown, Coronavirus, SARS-CoV2, COVID-19, Pandemics, Vital Statistics

Abstract

Communicating statistics in health risk communication is a fundamental part of managing public health emergencies. Effective communication requires careful planning and the anticipation of possible information demands from the population. The information should be clear, relevant, easy to understand, timely, accurate and precise, allowing the public to make informed decisions about protective behaviours. COVID-19, being a new disease, with little known about its characteristics and effects, has challenged governments and healthcare systems in all countries. This article discusses the statistical issues involved, and the experiences of risk communication in four countries – Canada, Chile, Ecuador and England. These countries have communicated risks differently, partly because of their different healthcare systems, as well as socioeconomic, cultural and political realities. During a pandemic, health authorities and governments must step up to the challenge of communicating statistical information under pressure and with urgency, when little is known about the disease, the situation is dynamic and evolving, and the general public is gripped with fear and anxiety. This is in addition to the existing challenges relating to the generation of data of different quality by diverse sources, and a public with varying levels of statistical literacy. From a statistical perspective, communiqués about risks and numbers should convey the uncertainty there is about the information, the inherent variabilities in the system, the precision and accuracy of estimates and the assumptions behind projections. Complex technical concepts, such as ‘flattening the curve’, ‘range in risk estimates’ and ‘projected trends,’ should be explained.

Author Biography

Shrikant I. Bangdiwala, Institute for Social and Health Sciences, University of South Africa

Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster
University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Statistics Department, Population Health
Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; & Institute for
Social and Health Sciences, University of South Africa

Published

2021-11-17

How to Cite

Bangdiwala, S. I., Gómez, A., Monsalves, M. J., & Palmeiro, Y. (2021). Statistical Considerations when Communicating Health Risks: Experiences from Canada, Chile, Ecuador and England Facing COVID-19. Social and Health Sciences, 19(1), 52–79. https://doi.org/10.25159/2957-3645/10332

Issue

Section

Articles