Prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and associated factors in healthcare workers of a Mexican Covid-19 hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21149/13677Palabras clave:
SARS-CoV-2, healthcare workers, antibodies, seroprevalenceResumen
Objective. To determine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among healthcare workers (HCW) and to identify factors associated with infection. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a Covid-19 hospital in Morelos, Mexico. Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins were detected by ELISA. A bivariate and multivariable Poisson regression model were performed to identify factors associated with infection. Results. Among all participants, 31% had anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, while only 13.1% had reported a history of positive RT-PCR. Individuals who reported cohabiting with someone with Covid-19, and those who had a previous RT-PCR test, were more likely to be seropositive. Laboratory personnel had the lowest seroprevalence (12.0%), while social workers had the highest (35.7%). Conclusions. The results of this study show the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among HCW in a hospital in Mexico, and underline the importance of serological tests for a better estimate of prevalence in health systems where only symptomatic cases are recorded.
Descargas
Citas
Pal M, Berhanu G, Desalegn C, Kandi V. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2): an update. Cureus. 2020;12(3):e7423. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.7423
He X, Lau EHY, Wu P, Deng X, Wang J, Hao X, et al. Temporal dynamics in viral shedding and transmissibility of COVID-19. Nat Med. 2020;26(5):672-5. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0869-5
Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, Fan G, Liu Y, Liu Z, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2020;395(10229):1054-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3
Hellewell J, Abbott S, Gimma A, Bosse NI, Jarvis CI, Russell TW, et al. Feasibility of controlling COVID-19 outbreaks by isolation of cases and contacts. Lancet Glob Health. 2020;8(4):e488-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30074-7
Li W, Su YY, Zhi SS, Huang J, Zhuang CL, Bai WZ, et al. Virus shedding dynamics in asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2020;26(11):1556.e1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.07.008
Alserehi HA, Alqunaibet AM, Al-Tawfiq JA, Alharbi NK, Alshukairi AN, Alanazi KH, et al. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) among healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia: comparing case and control hospitals. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2021;99(3):115273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115273
Piccoli L, Ferrari P, Piumatti G, Jovic S, Rodriguez BF, Mele F, et al. Risk assessment and seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers of COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 hospitals in Southern Switzerland. Lancet Reg Health Eur. 2021;1:100013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2020.100013
ONU México. Uno de cada siete infectados de coronavirus es un trabajador médico. México: Noticias ONU, 2020 [cited 2021 May 30]. Available from: https://coronavirus.onu.org.mx/uno-de-cada-siete-infectados-de-coronavirus-es-un-trabajador-medico
Gomez-Ochoa SA, Franco OH, Rojas LZ, Raguindin PF, Roa-Diaz ZM, Wyssmann BM, et al. COVID-19 in healthcare workers: a living systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence, risk factors, clinical characteristics, and outcomes. Am J Epidemiol. 2021;190(1):161-75. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwaa191
Nakamura A, Sato R, Ando S, Oana N, Nozaki E, Endo H, et al. Orthogonal antibody testing for COVID-19 among healthcare workers in a non-epidemic place and time: Japan’s Iwate Prefecture, May 18-31, 2020. Fukushima J Med Sci. 2021;67(1):27-32. https://doi.org/10.5387/fms.2020-21
Grant JJ, Wilmore SMS, McCann NS, Donnelly O, Lai RWL, Kinsella MJ, et al. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in healthcare workers at a London NHS Trust. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2021;42(2):212-4. https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.402
Leeds C. COVID 19: Health care workers, risks, protection and transmission. Lancet Reg Health Eur. 2021;1:100022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2020.100022
Kalimuddin S, Tham CYL, Qui M, de Alwis R, Sim JXY, Lim JME, et al. Early T cell and binding antibody responses are associated with COVID-19 RNA vaccine efficacy onset. Med (N Y). 2021;2(6):682.e4-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medj.2021.04.003
Galanis P, Vraka I, Fragkou D, Bilali A, Kaitelidou D. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and associated factors in healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hosp Infect. 2021;108:120-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.11.008
Self WH, Tenforde MW, Stubblefield WB, Feldstein LR, Steingrub JS, Shapiro NI, et al. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Among Frontline Health Care Personnel in a Multistate Hospital Network - 13 Academic Medical Centers, April-June 2020. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020;69(35):1221-6. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6935e2
Venugopal U, Jilani N, Rabah S, Shariff MA, Jawed M, Mendez-Batres A, et al. SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among health care workers in a New York City hospital: A cross-sectional analysis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Infect Dis. 2021;102:63-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.10.036
Yogo N, Greenwood KL, Thompson L, Wells PJ, Munday S, Smith TC, et al. Point prevalence survey to evaluate the seropositivity for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among high-risk healthcare workers. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2021;42(10):1260-5. https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.1370
Costa SF, Giavina-Bianchi P, Buss L, Mesquita-Peres CH, Rafael MM, Dos Santos LGN, et al. SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and risk factors among oligo/asymptomatic healthcare workers (HCW): estimating the impact of community transmission. Clin Infect Dis. 2021;73(5):e1214-8. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa1845
Silva A, Aguirre M, Ballejo C, Marro M, Gamarnik A, Vargas G, et al. Seroprevalencia de Infección por SARS-COV-2 en personal de salud de la Región Sanitaria VIII, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Rev Argent Salud Publica. 2020;12(supl 1):1-9. Available from: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1853-810X2020000300014&lng=es
Ariza B, Torres X, Salgado D, Cepeda M, Restrepo CG, Castellanos JC, et al. Seroprevalence and seroconversion rates to SARS-CoV-2 in interns, residents, and medical doctors in a University Hospital in Bogotá, Colom¬bia. Infectio. 2021;25(3):145-52. https://doi.org/10.22354/in.v25i3.938
Chafloque-Vásquez RA, Pampa-Espinoza L, Celis-Salinas JC. Seroprevalencia de COVID-19 en trabajadores de un hospital de la Amazonía peruana. Act Med Peru. 2020;37(3):390-2. https://doi.org/10.35663/amp.2020.373.1050
Ritchie H, Mathieu E, Rodés-Guirao L, Appel C, Giattino C, Ortiz- Ospina E, et al. Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19). Our World In Data [cited 2021 Jan]. Available from: https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus
Basto-Abreu A, Carnalla M, Torres-Ibarra L, Romero-Martínez M, Martínez-Barnetche J, et al. Nationally representative SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence estimates after the first epidemic wave in Mexico. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):589. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28232-9
Goldblatt D, Johnson M, Falup-Pecurariu O, Ivaskeviciene I, Spoulou V, Tamm E, et al. Cross-sectional prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in healthcare workers in paediatric facilities in eight countries. J Hosp Infect. 2021;110:60-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2020.12.019
Mahto M, Banerjee A, Biswas B, Kumar S, Agarwal N, Singh PK. Seroprevalence of IgG against SARS-CoV-2 and its determinants among healthcare workers of a COVID-19 dedicated hospital of India. Am J Blood Res. 2021;11(1):44-52 [cited 2021 Jan]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8010601/#__ffn_sectitle
Kassem AM, Talaat H, Shawky S, Fouad R, Amer K, Elnagdy T, et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers of a gastroenterological service in a tertiary care facility. Arab J Gastroenterol. 2020;21(3):151-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajg.2020.07.005
Kantele A, Lääveri T, Kareinen L, Pakkanen SH, Blomgren K, Mero S, et al. SARS-CoV-2 infections among healthcare workers at Helsinki University Hospital, Finland, spring 2020: Serosurvey, symptoms and risk factors. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2021;39:101949. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101949
Galán MI, Velasco M, Casas ML, Goyanes MJ, Rodríguez-Caravaca G, Losa-García JE, et al. Hospital-Wide SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in health care workers in a Spanish teaching hospital. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed). 2020;40(6):302-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eimc.2020.11.015
Barallat J, Fernández-Rivas G, Quirant-Sánchez B, González V, Doladé M, Martinez-Caceres E, et al. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG specific antibodies among healthcare workers in the Northern Metropolitan Area of Barcelona, Spain, after the first pandemic wave. PLoS ONE. 2020;15(12):e0244348. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244348
Iversen K, Bundgaard H, Hasselbalch RB, Kristensen JH, Nielsen PB, Pries-Heje M, et al. Risk of COVID-19 in health-care workers in Denmark: an observational cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020;20(12):1401-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30589-2
Xiang F, Wang X, He X, Peng Z, Yang B, Zhang J, et al. Antibody detection and dynamic characteristics in patients with coronavirus disease 2019. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71(8):1930-4. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa461
Masiá M, Telenti G, Fernández M, García JA, Agulló V, Padilla S, et al. SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion and viral clearance in patients hospitalized with COVID-19: viral load predicts antibody response. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2021;8(2):ofab005. https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab005
Wang Y, Zhang L, Sang L, Ye F, Ruan S, Zhong B, et al. Kinetics of viral load and antibody response in relation to COVID-19 severity. J Clin Invest. 2020;130(10):5235-44. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI138759
Zhao J, Yuan Q, Wang H, Liu W, Liao X, Su Y, et al. Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with novel coronavirus disease 2019. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71(16):2027-34. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa344
Long QX, Tang XJ, Shi QL, Li Q, Deng HJ, Yuan J, et al. Clinical and immunological assessment of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections. Nat Med. 2020;26(8):1200-4. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0965-6
Lumley SF, Wei J, O’Donnell D, Stoesser NE, Matthews PC, Howarth A, et al. The duration, dynamics, and determinants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody responses in individual healthcare workers. Clin Infect Dis. 2021;73(3):e699-709. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab004
Lumley SF, O’Donnell D, Stoesser NE, Matthews PC, Howarth A, Hatch SB, et al. Antibody status and incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in health care workers. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(6):533-40. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2034545
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2022 Salud Pública de México
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Al proponer un trabajo para su publicación, los autores aceptan las condiciones contenidas en las presentes normas y ceden a Salud Pública de México los derechos patrimoniales sobre el artículo en cuestión, a fin de que ésta lo edite, publique, reproduzca, difunda, comercialice, traduzca o autorice su traducción a cualquier idioma.
Los derechos transferidos incluyen la publicación del artículo por cualquier medio, sea éste impreso, magnético o electrónico, o por cualquier otro soporte o medio de difusión que exista o pueda crearse en el futuro, así como la realización de publicaciones mediante la concesión de licencias totales o parciales a terceros.
Los artículos aceptados serán publicados en Salud Pública de México bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional.
Los trabajos propuestos deberán ser originales e inéditos, y no podrán presentarse a ninguna otra revista mientras se encuentren sometidos a la consideración de Salud Pública de México.También se reciben trabajos completos publicados previamente en forma de resumen, o trabajos no publicados presentados en congresos o seminarios.
Todos los trabajos serán publicados con pleno conocimiento de los autores.
Los artículos firmados son responsabilidad de los autores y no necesariamente reflejan la opinión de la revista, del Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública o de la institución a la que están afiliados los autores.
