iScience
Volume 25, Issue 9, 16 September 2022, 104886
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Article
Neutralizing immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 by infection and vaccination

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.104886Get rights and content
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Highlights

  • Limited duration of antibody response against BA.1 in convalescent individuals

  • Infection before BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac vaccination boosts neutralization

  • Two doses of BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac elicit limited neutralizing activity against VOCs

  • Neutralization breadth for BA.1 is boosted by a third dose of BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac

Summary

The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 (B.1.1.529) variant has raised questions regarding resistance to neutralizing antibodies elicited by natural infection or immunization. We examined the neutralization activity of sera collected from previously SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals and SARS-CoV-2 naive individuals who received BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac to BA.1 and the earlier variants Alpha, Beta, and Delta. Both sera from convalescent patients over three months after infection and two-dose BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac vaccine recipients barely inhibited BA.1, less effectively neutralized Beta and Delta, and moderately neutralized Alpha. However, administering a single dose of BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac in previously infected individuals or a third dose booster vaccination of BBIBP-CorV or CoronaVac in previously vaccinated individuals enhances neutralizing activity against BA.1 and other variants, albeit with a lower antibody titer for BA.1. Our data suggest that a booster vaccination is important to broaden neutralizing antibody responses against the variants.

Subject areas

Immune response and virology

Data and code availability

This study did not generate sequence data or codes. Data generated in the current study (including neutralization and antibody measurements) have not been deposited in a public repository but are available from the lead contact upon request.

  • All data reported in this paper are available within the main manuscript and the supplementary files.

  • This paper does not report original code.

  • Any additional information required to reanalyze the data reported in this paper is available from the lead contact upon request.

Cited by (0)

6

These authors contributed equally

7

Lead contact