Well-Being and Mental Health in Teachers: The Life Impact of COVID-19
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Literature Review
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Method
2.2. Participants
2.3. Procedure
2.4. Data Analysis
2.5. Instruments
2.5.1. General Life Satisfaction
2.5.2. Specific Life Satisfaction
2.5.3. Areas Affected by COVID-19
2.5.4. COVID-19 Background
2.5.5. Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21)
2.5.6. Use of Self-Applied Social-Emotional Strategies by Teachers
2.5.7. Brief Spirituality Scale
3. Results
Structural Equations Model
4. Discussions
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Minimum | Maximum | M | DS | Skewness | Kurtosis | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Satisfaction with life General | 5.0 | 35.0 | 26.8 | 5.5 | −0.902 | 0.841 |
Specific life satisfaction | 5.0 | 35.0 | 27.9 | 4.6 | −0.963 | 1.606 |
Stress | 7.0 | 28.0 | 15.1 | 5.9 | 0.311 | −0.949 |
Anxiety | 7.0 | 28.0 | 13.4 | 5.8 | 0.690 | −0.611 |
Depression | 7.0 | 28.0 | 13.1 | 5.1 | 0.810 | 0.032 |
Personal history of COVID-19 infection | 1.0 | 3.0 | 1.8 | 0.4 | −0.836 | 1.054 |
Family history of infection | 1.0 | 3.0 | 1.7 | 0.9 | 0.597 | −1.622 |
Contact with infected persons | 1.0 | 3.0 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 1.078 | −0.737 |
Perceived risk of infection | 1.0 | 3.0 | 2.2 | 0.9 | −0.429 | −1.580 |
Death of a family member or friend | 1.0 | 3.0 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 1.558 | 0.460 |
Areas affected by COVID-19 | 6.0 | 30.0 | 22.6 | 5.0 | −0.663 | 0.149 |
Spirituality | 5.0 | 30.0 | 22.3 | 7.9 | −0.773 | −0.638 |
Age | 22.0 | 80.0 | 44.1 | 11.9 | 0.450 | −0.644 |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. General life satisfaction | - | |||||||||||||
2. Specific life satisfaction | 0.720 ** | - | ||||||||||||
3. Stress | −0.318 ** | −0.427 ** | - | |||||||||||
4. Anxiety | −0.296 ** | −0.378 ** | 0.855 ** | - | ||||||||||
5. Depression | −0.417 ** | −0.502 ** | 0.807 ** | 0.791 ** | - | |||||||||
6. Personal history of COVID-19 infection | −0.051 | −0.031 | 0.026 | 0.006 | 0.008 | - | ||||||||
7. Family history of infection | −0.129 ** | −0.135 ** | 0.142 ** | 0.191 ** | 0.152 ** | −0.175 ** | - | |||||||
8. Contact with infected persons | −0.029 | −0.037 | 0.088 * | 0.081 * | 0.090 * | −0.235 ** | 0.275 ** | - | ||||||
9. Death of a relative or friend | −0.164 ** | −0.146 ** | 0.144 ** | 0.156 ** | 0.131 ** | −0.116 ** | 0.302 ** | 0.090 * | - | |||||
10. Perceived risk of contagion | −0.081 * | −0.102 * | 0.124 ** | 0.169 ** | 0.150 ** | −0.058 | 0.159 ** | 0.133 ** | 0.136 ** | - | ||||
11. Spirituality | 0.289 ** | 0.208 ** | 0.034 | 0.044 | −0.024 | −0.128 ** | 0.032 | 0.039 | 0.004 | 0.003 | - | |||
12. Areas affected by COVID-19 | −0.232 ** | −0.280 ** | 0.418 ** | 0.402 ** | 0.394 ** | −0.041 | 0.163 ** | 0.164 ** | 0.180 ** | 0.278 ** | 0.018 | - | ||
13. Age | 0.073 | 0.191 ** | −0.224 ** | −0.155 ** | −0.151 ** | −0.102 * | −0.041 | −0.109 ** | 0.050 | 0.055 | 0.109 ** | −0.136 ** | - | |
14. Sex | −0.083 * | −0.035 | −0.135 ** | −0.110 ** | −0.083 * | 0.014 | −0.032 | 0.008 | −0.018 | 0.037 | −0.120 ** | −0.088 * | 0.002 | - |
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Flores, J.; Caqueo-Urízar, A.; Escobar, M.; Irarrázaval, M. Well-Being and Mental Health in Teachers: The Life Impact of COVID-19. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 15371. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192215371
Flores J, Caqueo-Urízar A, Escobar M, Irarrázaval M. Well-Being and Mental Health in Teachers: The Life Impact of COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(22):15371. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192215371
Chicago/Turabian StyleFlores, Jerome, Alejandra Caqueo-Urízar, Michael Escobar, and Matías Irarrázaval. 2022. "Well-Being and Mental Health in Teachers: The Life Impact of COVID-19" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 22: 15371. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192215371