Original article
Effectiveness of BBIBP-CorV vaccine in preventing SARS-CoV2 infection and severe outcomes in people living with multiple sclerosis: A population-based study

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2023.104548Get rights and content

Highlights

  • Effectiveness of one dose of BBIBP-CorV vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19–related hospitalization, and COVID-19–related death were 39.3% (16%, 56.1%), 64.9% (1.3%, 87.5%), and 92.7% (88.8%, 100%), respectively.

  • Effectiveness of two doses of BBIBP-CorV vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19–related hospitalization, and COVID-19–related death were 69% (95% CI, 67% to 70%), 75.7% (57.5%, 86.1%), and 100%, respectively.

  • Progressive MS patients were at an increased risk for breakthrough infection.

  • Advanced age and rituximab were each independently associated with an increased risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization.

Abstract

Background

The objective of the present study was to estimate the effectiveness of the BBIBP-CorV vaccine (VE) in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection, related hospitalization, and death among people living with multiple sclerosis (PLWMS).

Methods

In this population-based retrospective observational study, data on all PLWMS, vaccination, SARS-CoV-2 tests, hospitalization, and deaths were collected in Isfahan, Iran between February 9, 2021, and November 4, 2021. We estimated the hazard ratio between vaccinated (partially and fully) and unvaccinated groups using the Andersen-Gill extension of the Cox proportional hazards model. We also performed Cox proportional hazards analysis to identify risk factors for breakthrough infection and COVID-19-related hospitalization in fully-immunized group.

Results

Of the 9869 PLWMS, 1368 were in partially-vaccinated group, 4107 were in the fully-vaccinated group, and 3794 were in the unvaccinated group. In the partially-vaccinated group, the estimated VE against COVID-19 infection was 39.3% (16%, 56.1%), hospitalization was 64.9% (1.3%, 87.5%), and mortality was 92.7% (88.8%, 100%). The respective results for the fully-vaccinated group were 63.9% (56%, 70.3%), 75.7% (57.5%, 86.1%), and 100%. Progressive MS was independently associated with a greater risk of breakthrough infection (HR=1.952, 95%CI: 1.174–3.246, p = 0.010). Older adults (≥50 years vs. 18–49 years, HR=3.115, 95%CI: 1.145–8.470, p = 0.026) and those on rituximab (HR=7.584; 95% CI: 1.864–30.854; p = 0.005) were at an increased risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization.

Conclusion

This study showed that two doses of the BBIBP-CorV vaccine can effectively prevent COVID-19 infection and hospitalization among PLWMS. Old PLWMS and those who treating with rituximab are at increased risk of hospitalization after receiving two doses of the vaccine.

Keywords

Multiple sclerosis
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Vaccine
BBIBP-CorV

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