lancet-header

Preprints with The Lancet is part of SSRN´s First Look, a place where journals identify content of interest prior to publication. Authors have opted in at submission to The Lancet family of journals to post their preprints on Preprints with The Lancet. The usual SSRN checks and a Lancet-specific check for appropriateness and transparency have been applied. Preprints available here are not Lancet publications or necessarily under review with a Lancet journal. These preprints are early stage research papers that have not been peer-reviewed. The findings should not be used for clinical or public health decision making and should not be presented to a lay audience without highlighting that they are preliminary and have not been peer-reviewed. For more information on this collaboration, see the comments published in The Lancet about the trial period, and our decision to make this a permanent offering, or visit The Lancet´s FAQ page, and for any feedback please contact preprints@lancet.com.

Both Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 are Essential to Prevent Infection: A Prospective Study in a Working Vaccinated Population from Southern France

27 Pages Posted: 30 Dec 2022

See all articles by Daisy Graça

Daisy Graça

Université Côte d'Azur - Clinical Research Unit Côte d’Azur

Vesna Brglez

Université Côte d'Azur - Clinical Research Unit Côte d’Azur

Jonathan Allouche

Université Côte d'Azur - Clinical Research Unit Côte d’Azur

Caroline Ruetsch-Chelli

Université Côte d'Azur - Clinical Research Unit Côte d’Azur

Kevin Zorzi

Université Côte d'Azur - Clinical Research Unit Côte d’Azur

Céline Fernandez

Université Côte d'Azur - Clinical Research Unit Côte d’Azur

Maxime Teisseyre

Université Côte d'Azur - Clinical Research Unit Côte d’Azur

Marion Cremoni

Université Côte d'Azur - Clinical Research Unit Côte d’Azur

Sylvia Benzaken

Université Côte d'Azur - Clinical Research Unit Côte d’Azur

Barbara Seitz-Polski

Université Côte d'Azur - Clinical Research Unit Côte d’Azur

More...

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 vaccines have significantly decreased the number severe cases of the disease but the virus circulation remains important and questions about the need of new vaccination campaigns remain unanswered.

Methods: To better understand SARS-CoV-2-mediated immunity we assessed both B cell (measuring anti-Spike IgG titer and neutralization capacity) and T cell (measuring IFNγ release assay after specific SARS-CoV2 stimulation) responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination with or without virus encounter in a cohort of 367 working volunteers.

Findings: Vaccinated individuals who had previously been infected had a stronger and more lasting immunity in comparison to vaccinated individuals naïve to infection whose immunity started to decline three months after vaccination. IFNγ release ≥ 0.285 IU/mL and anti-Spike IgG antibodies ≥ 244 BAU/mL were associated with a sufficient immune response following vaccination preventing future infections. Individuals with comorbidities had a lower chance of reaching the protective thresholds of T cell and B cell responses as identified in multivariate analysis.

Interpretation: A combine B cell and T cell analysis of immune responses to determine protective thresholds after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination will allow us to identify individuals in need of a booster vaccine dose, particularly in comorbid subjects.

Funding Information: This research was supported by grants from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (FlashCOVID ANR-20-COVI-000) and Conseil Départemental des Alpes-Maritimes (CD06).

Declaration of Interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Ethics Approval Statement: The study protocol conformed to the ethical guidelines of the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki and was reviewed and approved by a local institutional review committee (NCT04429594). During the inclusion visit, volunteers enrolled in the study signed a written informed consent in accordance with ethical and legal French policies.

Keywords: COVID-19, vaccination, B cell response, T cell response, hybrid immunity, SARS-Cov-2

Suggested Citation

Graça, Daisy and Brglez, Vesna and Allouche, Jonathan and Ruetsch-Chelli, Caroline and Zorzi, Kevin and Fernandez, Céline and Teisseyre, Maxime and Cremoni, Marion and Benzaken, Sylvia and Seitz-Polski, Barbara, Both Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 are Essential to Prevent Infection: A Prospective Study in a Working Vaccinated Population from Southern France. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4309647 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4309647

Daisy Graça

Université Côte d'Azur - Clinical Research Unit Côte d’Azur ( email )

Vesna Brglez

Université Côte d'Azur - Clinical Research Unit Côte d’Azur ( email )

Jonathan Allouche

Université Côte d'Azur - Clinical Research Unit Côte d’Azur ( email )

Caroline Ruetsch-Chelli

Université Côte d'Azur - Clinical Research Unit Côte d’Azur ( email )

Kevin Zorzi

Université Côte d'Azur - Clinical Research Unit Côte d’Azur ( email )

Céline Fernandez

Université Côte d'Azur - Clinical Research Unit Côte d’Azur ( email )

Maxime Teisseyre

Université Côte d'Azur - Clinical Research Unit Côte d’Azur ( email )

Marion Cremoni

Université Côte d'Azur - Clinical Research Unit Côte d’Azur ( email )

Sylvia Benzaken

Université Côte d'Azur - Clinical Research Unit Côte d’Azur ( email )

Barbara Seitz-Polski (Contact Author)

Université Côte d'Azur - Clinical Research Unit Côte d’Azur ( email )

Click here to go to TheLancet.com

Paper statistics

Downloads
34
Abstract Views
243
PlumX Metrics