Diagnostics of complicated course of community-acquired pneumonia of viral etiology (COVID-19) via using chest computed tomography

Abstract

BACKGROUND. To date, radiological criteria for the diagnosis of viral pneumonia associated with SARS-CoV-2 have been established, and treatment regimens for patients depending on the severity of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have been developed for both outpatient and inpatient settings. Many patients, regardless of the form and severity of the coronavirus infection, suffer from a range of symptoms for weeks or even months that reduce their quality of life. Therefore, the diagnostics of complicated course of community-acquired pneumonia of viral etiology (COVID-19) via using computed tomography (CT) of the chest becomes relevant.

OBJECT. To diagnose a complicated course of community-acquired pneumonia of viral etiology (COVID-19) according to CT of the chest.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. A group of patients referred for treatment to the National Institute of Phthisiology and Pulmonology named after F.G. Yanovsky of the NAMS of Ukraine with complications of pneumonia from other medical institutions where they were treated for community-acquired pneumonia of viral etiology (COVID-19) 2-3 months ago. Chest CT of 20 patients (12 men and 8 women aged from 24 to 66 years) were analyzed. All patients complained of shortness of breath, cough, lack of significant improvement in general condition after discharge from the hospital.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Typical complications of community-acquired pneumonia of viral etiology (COVID-19) were determined by CT: 10 % of patients showed gradual progression of viral pneumonia (numerous opacities were identified as “ground glass”, consolidation and the “crazy paving” symptom); 15 % – signs of thrombosis of the pulmonary arteries branches; 25 % – exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with preservation of signs of bilateral polysegmental viral pneumonia; 20 % – exacerbation of asthma with signs of bilateral polysegmental viral pneumonia in the regression phase; 30 % – bullous pulmonary emphysema (“vanishing lung syndrome”).

CONCLUSIONS. Typical complications of pneumonia of viral etiology (COVID-19) indicate that the inflammatory process does not end after inpatient treatment and the presence of a negative PCR test, and patients need further careful monitoring and correction of treatment. CT is an objective and most informative diagnostic method of complicated community-acquired pneumonia of viral etiology (COVID-19).

Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, diagnostics, community-acquired pneumonia, computed tomography.

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Published
2021-06-29
How to Cite
LynnykМ., ІgnatievaV., Gumeniuk, G., Svyatnenko, V., Tarasenko, O., & Bororova, O. (2021). Diagnostics of complicated course of community-acquired pneumonia of viral etiology (COVID-19) via using chest computed tomography. Infusion & Chemotherapy, (2), 11-18. https://doi.org/10.32902/2663-0338-2021-2-11-18
Section
ORIGINAL STUDIES

Author Biographies

М.І. Lynnyk, SI “National Institute of Phthisiology and Pulmonology named after F.G. Yanovsky of the NAMS of Ukraine”, Kyiv, Ukraine

Lynnyk Mykola Ivanovych
Leading Researcher, Department of Epidemiology and Organizational Problems of Phthisiology.
MD, PhD.
10, M. Amosova st., Kyiv, 03038, Ukraine.

V.І. Іgnatieva, SI “National Institute of Phthisiology and Pulmonology named after F.G. Yanovsky of the NAMS of Ukraine”, Kyiv, Ukraine

Ignatieva Victoria Igorivna
Senior Researcher, Department of Diagnostics, Therapy and Clinical Pharmacology of Lung Diseases.
PhD.
10, M. Amosova st., Kyiv, 03038, Ukraine.

G.L. Gumeniuk, National University of Healthcare of Ukraine named after P.L. Shupyk, Kyiv, Ukraine

Gumeniuk Galyna Lvivna
Professor of Phthisiology and Pulmonology Department; Senior Researcher of Treatment, Diagnosis and Clinical Pharmacology of Lung Disease NIFP NAMNU.
MD, PhD, professor.
9, Dorogozhytska st., Kyiv, 04112, Ukraine.

V.А. Svyatnenko, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine

Svyatnenko Vadym Anatoliyovych
Senior Lecturer, Department of Theoretical Electrical Engineering.
37, Peremohy ave., Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine.

O.R. Tarasenko, SI “National Institute of Phthisiology and Pulmonology named after F.G. Yanovsky of the NAMS of Ukraine”, Kyiv, Ukraine

Tarasenko Olena Rostyslavivna
Senior Researcher, Department of Epidemiology and Organizational Problems of Phthisiology.
PhD.
10, M. Amosova st., Kyiv, 03038, Ukraine.

O.L. Bororova, SI “National Institute of Phthisiology and Pulmonology named after F.G. Yanovsky of the NAMS of Ukraine”, Kyiv, Ukraine

Bororova Olena Leonidivna
Junior Researcher, Department of Treatment Technologies for Nonspecific Lung Diseases.
10, M. Amosova st., Kyiv, 03038, Ukraine.

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