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Minerva Respiratory Medicine 2021 June;60(2):52-8
DOI: 10.23736/S2784-8477.20.01895-7
Copyright © 2020 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA
language: English
Neurological manifestations in COVID-19: an overview
Zeinab MOHSENI AFSHAR 1, Arefeh BABAZADEH 2, Ali ALIZADEH KHATIR 3, Mousa MOHAMMADNIA-AFROUZI 4, Mostafa JAVANIAN 2, VeneelaKrishna R. VASIGALA 5, Hajar HOSSEINNIA 6, Soheil EBRAHIMPOUR 2 ✉
1 Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; 2 Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; 3 Mobility Impairment Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; 4 Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; 5 Rangaraya Medical College, NTR University of Health Sciences, Kakinada, India; 6 Clinical Research Development Center, Ayatollah Rohani Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a causative agent of severe lower respiratory tract infection in patients. Since its discovery in December 2019, COVID-19 has spread to five continents and to this date, affected approximately 6,260,000 people. COVID-19 patients typically present with symptoms related to the respiratory system while neurological manifestations have scarcely been reported. Neurological presentations of COVID-19 infection are classified into two groups: CNS symptoms and peripheral nervous system (PNS) symptoms. CNS symptoms include headache, dizziness, loss of consciousness, convulsion, ataxia and acute cerebrovascular disease. The PNS symptoms consist of hypoplasia, hyposmia, hypogeusia and neuralgia. The association between COVID-19 and neurological problems needs further clarification and warrants detailed microbiological and pathological studies to better understand the virus and its impact on the brain and nervous system.
KEY WORDS: COVID-19; Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus; Severe acute respiratory syndrome; Neurologic manifestations
