SARS-CoV-2 Altered Hemorheological and Hematological Parameters during One-Month Observation Period in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Study Population and Blood Samples
2.2. Hematological Parameters
2.2.1. Red Blood Cell Variables
2.2.2. Immune Cell and Inflammatory Variables
2.3. Hemorheological Parameters and RBC Immunostaining
2.3.1. RBC Deformability, RBC-NOS Activation state and Nitrotyrosine Levels
2.3.2. RBC Aggregation
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Study Population and Study Design
3.2. Hematological Parameters
3.3. Deformability Measurement
3.4. Aggregation Measurement
3.5. Immunostaining Protocol for the Detection of RBC-NOS Activation State and Nitrotyrosine
3.6. Statistical Analysis
4. Discussion
4.1. Further Considerations and Other Factors
4.2. Limitations
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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aCOV | Con | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Age [years] | 59.0 ± 16.9 | 52.1 ± 18.1 | ||
Gender distribution | Female | n = 19 | Female | n = 24 |
Male | n = 25 | Male | n = 20 | |
Vaccination status | Vaccinated | n = 12 | Vaccinated | n = 44 |
Not vaccinated | n = 7 | |||
Unknown | n = 25 | |||
Inpatient stay | Infectious ward | n = 33 | ||
Intensive care unit | n = 11 |
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Bizjak, D.A.; John, L.; Matits, L.; Uhl, A.; Schulz, S.V.W.; Schellenberg, J.; Peifer, J.; Bloch, W.; Weiß, M.; Grüner, B.; et al. SARS-CoV-2 Altered Hemorheological and Hematological Parameters during One-Month Observation Period in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 15332. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315332
Bizjak DA, John L, Matits L, Uhl A, Schulz SVW, Schellenberg J, Peifer J, Bloch W, Weiß M, Grüner B, et al. SARS-CoV-2 Altered Hemorheological and Hematological Parameters during One-Month Observation Period in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(23):15332. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315332
Chicago/Turabian StyleBizjak, Daniel Alexander, Lucas John, Lynn Matits, Alisa Uhl, Sebastian Victor Waldemar Schulz, Jana Schellenberg, Johannes Peifer, Wilhelm Bloch, Manfred Weiß, Beate Grüner, and et al. 2022. "SARS-CoV-2 Altered Hemorheological and Hematological Parameters during One-Month Observation Period in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 23: 15332. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315332