Issue 35, 2021

Zinc thiotropolone combinations as inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease

Abstract

Numerous organic molecules are known to inhibit the main protease of SARS-CoV-2, (SC2Mpro), a key component in viral replication of the 2019 novel coronavirus. We explore the hypothesis that zinc ions, long used as a medicinal supplement and known to support immune function, bind to the SC2Mpro enzyme in combination with lipophilic tropolone and thiotropolone ligands, L, block substrate docking, and inhibit function. This study combines synthetic inorganic chemistry, in vitro protease activity assays, and computational modeling. While the ligands themselves have half maximal inhibition concentrations, IC50, for SC2Mpro in the 8–34 μM range, the IC50 values are ca. 100 nM for Zn(NO3)2 which are further enhanced in Zn–L combinations (59–97 nM). Isolation of the Zn(L)2 binary complexes and characterization of their ability to undergo ligand displacement is the basis for computational modeling of the chemical features of the enzyme inhibition. Blind docking onto the SC2Mpro enzyme surface using a modified Autodock4 protocol found preferential binding into the active site pocket. Such Zn–L combinations orient so as to permit dative bonding of Zn(L)+ to basic active site residues.

Graphical abstract: Zinc thiotropolone combinations as inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
24 Jun 2021
Accepted
02 Aug 2021
First published
04 Aug 2021

Dalton Trans., 2021,50, 12226-12233

Zinc thiotropolone combinations as inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease

C. DeLaney, Y. Sheng, D. C. Pectol, E. Vantansever, H. Zhang, N. Bhuvanesh, I. Salas, W. R. Liu, C. F. Fierke and M. Y. Darensbourg, Dalton Trans., 2021, 50, 12226 DOI: 10.1039/D1DT02499J

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