Manajemen Perioperatif pada Pasien COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36408/mhjcm.v7i1A.455Keywords:
SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, ahli anestesi, pengendalian infeksiAbstract
Kemunculan dan penyebaran severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) menyebabkan krisis kesehatan yang mengancam dunia. Infeksi yang disebabkan SARS-CoV-2 disebut coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Laporan WHO per tanggal 30 Mei 2020, terdapat 5.817.385 kasus dengan 362.705 kematian secara global dengan 249.525 kasus dan 7.157 kematian di wilayah Asia Tenggara.
Cara penularan COVID-19 dari manusia ke manusia telah diidentifikasi melalui droplet dan kontak langsung atau secara tidak langsung melalui sentuhan benda. SARS-CoV-2 pertama kali ditularkan dari hewan ke manusia di pasar basah Wuhan dan akhirnya mempertahankan penularan dari manusia ke manusia. Penyebaran virus ini semakin meluas sehingga menimbulkan pandemi. Kondisi pandemi menimbulkan banyak tantangan bagi sistem kesehatan terutama dalam pengendalian infeksi dan penatalaksanaan penyakit.
Ahli anestesi memainkan peran penting dalam epidemi, karena kasus yang dicurigai atau dikonfirmasi mungkin memerlukan anestesi untuk tindakan pembedahan, serta keahlian manajemen jalan napas dalam kasus yang kritis. Pada kasus yang memerlukan tindakan pembedahan, ahli anestesi berperan dalam penilaian pasien COVID-19 pre-operasi, intraoperasi, dan pascaoperasi.
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