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Impact of personality hardiness on anxiety dynamics during the COVID-19 outbreak in russia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2021

D. Dovbysh*
Affiliation:
Pedagogy And Medical Psychology, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
V. Epishin
Affiliation:
Pedagogy And Medical Psychology, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
A. Salikhova
Affiliation:
Pedagogy And Medical Psychology, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
N. Bogacheva
Affiliation:
Pedagogy And Medical Psychology, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
M. Bogdanova
Affiliation:
Pedagogy And Medical Psychology, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
M. Kiseleva
Affiliation:
Pedagogy And Medical Psychology, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Hardiness is a set of attitudes, providing courage and motivation to cope with stress (Maddi, 2006). The COVID-19 outbreak and the response to it caused exceptional stress and drastically changed the everyday routine, endangering many people`s psychological well-being and mobilizing coping resources.

Objectives

The study aimed to determine whether hardiness provided coping resources to deal with COVID-19 outbreak-related stressors.

Methods

949 participants from Russia (ages 18-66) voluntarily completed online questionnaires: BAI; BDI; SCL-90-R; Personal Views Survey III during the early COVID-19 restrictions (24 March - 15 May). Subsamples from four time periods were compared using ANOVA. The first dataset was collected before the official restrictions’ introduction (n=88). The second subsample was gathered during the “days off” week (n=262). The third period started with the “days off” extension and ended with the strict self-isolation announcement (n=296). The fourth dataset was gathered during self-isolation (n=303). General linear models (GLM) were used to determine the effect of variables on anxiety, depression, and general symptomatic index (GSI).

Results

Hardiness, anxiety, depression, and GSI differed significantly between the time-periods (F=4.899, p<0.01; F=3.173, p<0.05; F=8.096, p<0.01; F=3.244, p<0.022 ; F=4.899, p<0.01 respectively). GLMs showed gender, chronic diseases, self-assessed fears, and hardiness contribution to anxiety, depression, and GSI. Hardiness had the biggest effect on all models. Anxiety was additionally influenced by the time factor, which also interacted with hardiness (see Figure 1). With lower hardiness, higher anxiety arose over time.

Conclusions

Hardiness notably contributes to personal adaptation during the COVID-19 outbreak-related restrictions.

Type
Abstract
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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