Elsevier

Journal of Affective Disorders

Volume 331, 15 June 2023, Pages 17-24
Journal of Affective Disorders

The dynamic changes of psychosomatic symptoms in three waves of COVID-19 outbreak and fatigue caused by enduring pandemic in China

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.03.032Get rights and content

Highlights

  • The prevalence of psychosomatic disorder was 22%, 28%, and 39%, which showed a consistently growing during the COVID-19 pandemic.

  • The overall connectivity of global strength in the psychosomatic symptom scale networks increased in the third wave.

  • The most central symptoms in the first and third wave networks were depressed mood and tiredness.

  • The psychological fatigue scale score was high in the people concerned with indirect impact.

Abstract

Background

Two years have passed since the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was first reported. The persistent pandemic might lead to severe psychosomatic problems and fatigue. In addition, the recent rapid rising COVID-19 cases in China have become a trending issue. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the dynamic changes in psychosomatic problems at the initial and current stages of the pandemic.

Methods

Three waves of cross-sectional online survey were conducted during the initial COVID outbreak in China. The psychosomatic symptom scale (PSSS), perceived stress scale (PSS), and pandemic fatigue scale (PFS) were used to assess the psychosomatic problems, stress, and fatigue.

Results

4317, 1096, and 2172 participants completed the first, second, and third surveys. The prevalence of psychosomatic disorder was 22 %, 28 %, and 39 %, respectively. The network structure of PSSS symptoms has not significantly changed as the pandemic progresses. However, the global strength of the PSSS networks, indicating the overall connectivity, in the third wave was significantly higher than in the first wave (s = 0.54, P = 0.007). The most central symptoms in the first and third wave networks were depressed mood and tiredness. The PFS score was higher in the people concerned with indirect impact than those concerned with health (P < 0.001). PFS has positive relationships with PSSS and PSS score (R = 0.41, P < 0.001 and R = 0.35, P < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusions

The persistence of the pandemic caused critical psychosomatic issues, stress, and indirect burden over time, leading to inevitable fatigue. People endured needing immediate attention to prevent or reduce psychosomatic disorders.

Keywords

COVID-19
Psychosomatic symptoms
Incidence
Network analysis
Pandemic fatigue

Cited by (0)

1

Yingying Yue, Lei Li and Rui Liu contributed equally to this work.

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