Utility of biomarkers in predicting complications and in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19

  • Noman Ali Aga Khan University Hospital
  • Nazir Najeeb Kapadia
  • Dure Aymen
  • Noor Baig
Keywords: Biomarkers, Complications, Mortality, Emergency Department

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the association between the laboratory biomarkers (C-reactive protein (CRP), Ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Procalcitonin, and D-dimer) with complications and in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients.

Methods: This single-center, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Emergency Medicine of Aga Khan University Hospital from April 01, 2020, to July 31, 2020. Descriptive statistics were presented as Mean±SD and Median along with Range. The frequencies and percentages were calculated for all categorical variables. Univariate and multivariate analysis was carried out to evaluate the significant association between the laboratory biomarkers and in-hospital mortality.

Results: A total of 310 adult COVID positive patients were included. The most common complication was acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (37.1%), followed by myocardial injury (MI) (10.7%), deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (0.6%), and pulmonary embolism (PE) (0.3%). In-hospital mortality was 15.2%. In univariate analysis, it was observed that increased values of all biomarkers were significantly associated with the prediction of in-hospital mortality using binary logistic regression analysis (OR > 1.0, P <0.05). In multivariate analysis, increased levels of LDH and D-dimer at admission were significantly associated with increased odds of mortality (P <0.05).

Conclusion: Serum CRP, ferritin, Procalcitonin, LDH, and D-dimer levels at the time of admission can predict complications like ARDS and MI and also predict mortality in COVID-19 infection. Serum LDH and D-dimer are the best amongst them for predicting mortality.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5165

How to cite this:
Ali N, Kapadia NN, Aymen D, Baig N. Utility of biomarkers in predicting complications and inhospital mortality in patients with COVID-19. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(5):1321-1326. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5165

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Published
2022-05-18
How to Cite
Ali, N., Kapadia, N. N., Aymen, D., & Baig, N. (2022). Utility of biomarkers in predicting complications and in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 38(5). https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5165
Section
Original Articles